APP自動化之Hybrid自動化腳本實現示例(八)

需求示例：打開58同城=>本地服務=>搬家

1.Hybrid app 例如58同城

  >  Hybrid自動化開發思路
  >  識別-webview視圖
  >  獲取所有的contexts:driver.getContextHandles();
  >  切換-切換到webview視圖:driver.context(webview視圖)
  >  定位-定位webview中的元素,並執行操作:web網頁元素定位和操作
  >  切換-切換回默認的視圖:driver.context(native視圖)

2.元素准備：

(1) 首先我們使用uiautomatorviewer.bat獲取native頁面元素：resources-id: com.wuba:id/iv_icon_big_group

點擊進入本地服務后,進入webview頁面,使用uiautomatorviewer.bat無法獲取元素的時候我們采用UC開發者工具定位元素

(2)使用UC開發者工具獲取webview頁面元素

 

搬家xpath : //*[@id="branchList"]/div/div[1]/div[2]/div/ul/li[2]/div/span

 3.上代碼

package app_auto;

import java.net.URL;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.DesiredCapabilities;

import io.appium.java_client.android.AndroidDriver;

public class HybridDemo {
    public static AndroidDriver<WebElement> androidDriver = null;
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
        //1.創建配置對象
        DesiredCapabilities desiredCapabilities = new DesiredCapabilities();
        //2.添加配置
        //deviceName:找到我們要測試的設備
        desiredCapabilities.setCapability("deviceName", "127.0.0.1:62001");
        //platformName 確定我們要測試的系統平台 Android or ios
        desiredCapabilities.setCapability("platformName", "Android");
        //appPackage 找到我們要測試的應用 
        //aapt dump badging D:\appium\apk\58同城.apk | findstr package
        desiredCapabilities.setCapability("appPackage", "com.wuba");
        //appActivity 通過入口我們啟動測試的app
        //aapt dump badging D:\appium\apk\58同城.apk | findstr activity
        desiredCapabilities.setCapability("appActivity", "com.wuba.activity.launch.LaunchActivity");
        // noReset：啟動App測試不會清除掉應用的數據 true:不清楚 false：清除掉
        desiredCapabilities.setCapability("noReset", true);
        //實例化驅動，啟動測試APP
        //第一個參數，appium通訊地址
        //第二個參數，配置
        androidDriver = new AndroidDriver<WebElement>(new URL("http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub"),desiredCapabilities);
        //添加隱試等待的方法 30秒
        androidDriver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(15, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
        Thread.sleep(5000);
        //調用實現方法
        native_webView();
        Thread.sleep(5000);
        androidDriver.quit();
        System.out.println("執行結束！");
    }
    public static void native_webView() throws InterruptedException {
        //1.點擊主頁上的本地服務
        androidDriver.findElementsByAndroidUIAutomator("resourceId(\"com.wuba:id/iv_icon_big_group\")").get(6).click();
        //2.休眠等待,然后獲取頁面所有的contexts(相當於web自動化中的句柄)
        Thread.sleep(5000);
        //3.獲取當前頁面的所有contexts,
        //原生頁面的context：NATIVE_APP, web頁面的context：WEBVIEW_com.wuba
        Set<String> contexts = androidDriver.getContextHandles();
        System.out.println(contexts);
        //4.切換到web頁面對應的context中
        for (String contextName : contexts) {
            //如果contextName有包含WEBVIEW關鍵字的話就是我們要找的web頁面context
            if(contextName.contains("WEBVIEW_com.wuba")) {
                androidDriver.context(contextName);
            }
        }
        Thread.sleep(5000);
        //此時我們就切換到了web頁面的定位方式
        androidDriver.findElementByXPath("//*[@id=\"branchList\"]/div/div[1]/div[2]/div/ul/li[2]/div/span").click();;
        //web頁面操作完成之后要記得回到native頁面的context中，否則無法定位到原生app的元素
        androidDriver.context("NATIVE_APP");
    }    
}

4.運行報錯

查看appium日志分析原因:是chromeDriver與瀏覽器內置System webView控件不兼容導致

[info] [Chromedriver] Set chromedriver binary as: C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\appium-desktop\app-1.5.0\resources\app\node_modules\appium\node_modules\appium-chromedriver\chromedriver\win\chromedriver.exe
[info] [Chromedriver] Spawning chromedriver with: C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\appium-desktop\app-1.5.0\resources\app\node_modules\appium\node_modules\appium-chromedriver\chromedriver\win\chromedriver.exe --url-base=wd/hub --port=8000 --adb-port=5037 --verbose[debug] [Chromedriver] Chromedriver version: '2.20.353145'
[error] [Chromedriver] Error: Failed to start Chromedriver session: A new session could not be created. (Original error: session not created exception
from unknown error: Runtime.executionContextCreated has invalid 'context': {"auxData":{"frameId":"6AB007871163EAF0A479AC630302F975","isDefault":true,"type":"default"},"id":1,"name":"","origin":"https://app.58.com"}
  (Session info: chrome=74.0.3729.136)
  (Driver info: chromedriver=2.20.353145 (343b531d31eeb933ec778dbcf7081628a1396067),platform=Windows NT 6.1 SP1 x86_64))
    at Object.wrappedLogger.errorAndThrow (C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\appium-desktop\app-1.5.0\resources\app\node_modules\appium\node_modules\appium-support\lib\logging.js:69:13)
    at Chromedriver.callee$2$0$ (C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\appium-desktop\app-1.5.0\resources\app\node_modules\appium\node_modules\appium-chromedriver\lib\chromedriver.js:217:13)
    at tryCatch (C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\appium-desktop\app-1.5.0\resources\app\node_modules\appium\node_modules\babel-runtime\regenerator\runtime.js:67:40)
    at GeneratorFunctionPrototype.invoke [as _invoke] (C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\appium-desktop\app-1.5.0\resources\app\node_modules\appium\node_modules\babel-runtime\regenerator\runtime.js:315:22)
    at GeneratorFunctionPrototype.prototype.(anonymous function) [as throw] (C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\appium-desktop\app-1.5.0\resources\app\node_modules\appium\node_modules\babel-runtime\regenerator\runtime.js:100:21)
    at GeneratorFunctionPrototype.invoke (C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\appium-desktop\app-1.5.0\resources\app\node_modules\appium\node_modules\babel-runtime\regenerator\runtime.js:136:37)
    at <anonymous>

解決方法:
(1) 根據瀏覽器版本更換驅動
(2) 根據驅動版本,更新升級手機中的WebView組件
這里我們查看本機控件版本,在UC工具中有顯示:

 

我們下載對應的驅動:https://npm.taobao.org/mirrors/chromedriver/

 

下載解壓后覆蓋本地appium驅動:
C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\appium-desktop\app-1.5.0\resources\app\node_modules\appium\node_modules\appium-chromedriver\chromedriver\win

 

再次運行腳本執行報錯:

Exception in thread "main" io.appium.java_client.NoSuchContextException: An unknown server-side error occurred while processing the command. Original error: Failed to start Chromedriver session: An unknown server-side error occurred while processing the command. (Original error: unknown error: Failed to forward ports to device 127.0.0.1:62001. No port chosen: . Perhaps your adb version is out of date. ChromeDriver 2.39 and newer require adb version 1.0.38 or newer. Run 'adb version' in your terminal of the host device to find your version of adb.

分析原因：

adb版本已經過時了。ChromeDriver 2.39及更新版本需要adb 1.0.38或更新版本。在主機設備的終端上運行“adb版本”

C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop>adb version
Android Debug Bridge version 1.0.31

更換adb版本

C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop>adb version
Android Debug Bridge version 1.0.40
Version 4986621
Installed as D:\appium\android-sdk-windows-appium\platform-tools\adb.exe

再次運行腳本執行成功:

5. 擴展:

打開手機中的應用管理.>>找到全部中的WebView

App應用程序是使用系統內置的WebView組件來渲染app內的web頁面的;但是有些應用,如微信和QQ等使用的是騰訊二次開發定制的WebView也就是X5內核,來渲染內嵌web網頁,如公眾號等,可以根據當前WebView的組件版本下載對應的ChromeDriver.exe驅動 

未完待續................