1、檢查交換空間
用fdisk命令（例：# fdisk /dev/sdb）對磁盤進行分區，添加swap分區，新建分區，在fdisk中用“t”命令將新添的分區id改為82（Linux swap類型），最后用w將操作實際寫入硬盤（沒用w之前的操作是無效的）。
# mkswap /dev/xvde2 #格式化swap分區，這里的sdb2要看您加完后p命令顯示的實際分區設備名
# swapon /dev/xvde2 #啟動新的swap分區
為了讓系統啟動時能自動啟用這個交換分區，可以編輯/etc/fstab,加入下面一行
/dev/xvde2 swap swap defaults 0 00
mkfs.ext4 /dev/tianyiyun/etfs
磁盤掛載： 磁盤使用fdisk 命令分區之后，選擇需要使用的分區 通過 mkfs.ext4 /dev/xvde1 來格式化該分區,
然后使用命令 blkid 查看分區后的UUID
復制對應的UUID使用vim /etc/fstab 命令編輯 /etc/fstab 來加入下行設置磁盤的永久掛載點（本例掛載到 /app 目錄）
UUID=xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx /app ext4 defaults 00
2、修改主機名禁用防火牆
vim /etc/sysconfig/network
vim /etc/hosts
sed -i "s/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/" /etc/selinux/config
setenforce 0
chkconfig iptables off
service iptables stop
service iptables status
3、檢查依賴包
rpm -q --qf '%{NAME}-%{VERSION}-%{RELEASE}(%{ARCH})\n' binutils \
elfutils-libelf \
elfutils-libelf-devel \
gcc \
gcc-c++ \
glibc \
glibc-common \
glibc-devel \
glibc-headers \
libaio \
libaio-devel \
libgcc \
libstdc++ \
libstdc++-devel \
make \
sysstat \
unixODBC \
unixODBC-devel
4、根據缺少的安裝依賴包
----其中pdksh依賴包無法通過yum 在線安裝，需要下載它的rpm 包 使用 rpm方式安裝
yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ make binutils compat-libstdc++-33 elfutils-libelf \
elfutils-libelf-devel glibc glibc-common glibc-devel \
libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel \
unixODBC unixODBC-devel
rpm -e ksh-20120801-35.el6_9.x86_64
rpm -ivh pdksh-5.2.14-37.el5_8.1.x86_64.rpm
yum -y install glibc*.i686*
yum -y install compat-libstdc++*x86*64*
yum -y install elfutils-libelf-devel
yum -y install libaio-devel
yum -y install elfutils-libelf-devel
yum -y install libaio-devel
yum -y install unixODBC
yum -y install unixODBC-devel
5、設置操作系統參數
vim /etc/sysctl.conf
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range= 9000 65500
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 10523004
kernel.shmmax = 6465333657
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.core.rmem_default=262144
net.core.wmem_default=262144
net.core.rmem_max=4194304
net.core.wmem_max=1048576
sysctl -p ---檢查配置是否有報錯
/sbin/sysctl -a 確認所有值已修改好
6、設置操作系統資源限制配置
vim /etc/security/limits.conf
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 4096
oracle hard nofile 65536
grid soft nproc 2047
grid hard nproc 16384
grid soft nofile 1024
grid hard nofile 65536
7、在namespace 下面加入這三行
vim /etc/pam.d/login
session required /lib64/security/pam_limits.so
session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so
session required pam_limits.so
8、添加oracle用戶分配用戶組
groupadd oinstall
groupadd dba
groupadd oper
useradd -u600 -g oinstall oracle
usermod -G dba,oper oracle
id oracle
passwd oracle
9、創建oracle主目錄，分配給oracle用戶相應權限
mkdir /oracle/u01
mkdir /oracle/u02
chown -R oracle:oinstall /oracle/u01
chown -R oracle:oinstall /oracle/u02
su oracle
mkdir -p /oracle/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
mkdir -p /oracle/u02/oradata
mkdir -p /oracle/u02/oradata/oracledb
10、以oracle用戶登錄：設置環境變量
vim ~/.bash_profile
ORACLE_BASE=/oracle/u01/app/oracle;
export ORACLE_BASE
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1;
export ORACLE_HOME
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib;
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
ORACLE_SID=oracledb; export ORACLE_SID
ORA_NLS33=$ORACLE_HOME/nls/admin/data;
export ORA_NLS33
NLS_LANG=american_america.zhs16gbk;
export NLS_LANG
PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH;
export PATH
source ~/.bash_profile ----使剛配置的環境變量生效
11、安裝桌面
runlevel
yum grouplist | more
yum -y groupinstall "desktop" "X Window System"
/etc/inittab文件，修改啟級別為5，如下圖，然后重新啟動就可以進入桌面環境了。因為我這是遠程環境的，只是運用了命令行，可以使用VNC進行桌面環境的遠程。
將 id:3:initdefault: 改為 id:5:initdefault:
12、安裝vnc
yum install tigervnc-server -y
chkconfig vncserver on
vim /etc/sysconfig/vncservers
su oracle
vncpasswd oracle
vncserver &
13、PLSQL連接數據庫時
首選項配置oci.dll
機器添加兩個環境變量，名為TNS_ADMIN，值為tnsnames.ora文件所在路徑。比如我的本機為：D:/instantclient_11_2/
NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK
14、數據庫基礎配置：
SELECT * FROM dba_profiles s WHERE s.profile='DEFAULT' AND resource_name='PASSWORD_LIFE_TIME';
ALTER PROFILE DEFAULT LIMIT PASSWORD_LIFE_TIME UNLIMITED;
alter system set processes = 5000 scope = spfile;
--限制sys用戶不能以普通身份登錄，這個是處於安全審計才需要調整的 你可以不調
alter system set O7_DICTIONARY_ACCESSIBILITY=false scope=spfile;
alter system set remote_login_passwordfile=NONE scope=spfile;
shutdown immediate;
startup;
lsnrctl status
15、創建表空間
alter tablespace P_OA
add datafile 'P_OA1' size 20480M
autoextend on next 200M maxsize 30720M
----添加表空間P_OA 添加數據文件P_OA1 初始大小20G 每次擴展200M最大擴展到30G
16、創建用戶：
-- Create the user
create user t_pt
identified by "8888"
default tablespace P_OA;
-- Grant/Revoke role privileges
grant dba to t_pt with admin option;
grant resource to t_pt with admin option;
grant connect to t_pt with admin option;
-- Create the user
create user t_mflow
identified by "8888"
default tablespace P_OA;
-- Grant/Revoke role privileges
grant dba to t_mflow with admin option;
grant resource to t_mflow with admin option;
grant connect to t_mflow with admin option;
-- Create the user
create user t_du
identified by "8888"
default tablespace P_OA;
-- Grant/Revoke role privileges
grant dba to t_du with admin option;
grant resource to t_du with admin option;
grant connect to t_du with admin option;
-- Create the user
create user t_ca
identified by "8888"
default tablespace P_OA;
-- Grant/Revoke role privileges
grant dba to t_ca with admin option;
grant resource to t_ca with admin option;
grant connect to t_ca with admin option;
-- Create the user
create user t_sys
identified by "8888"
default tablespace P_OA;
-- Grant/Revoke role privileges
grant dba to t_sys with admin option;
grant resource to t_sys with admin option;
grant connect to t_sys with admin option;