composer.json文件解讀

composer.json文件內容 

laravel

{
    "name": "laravel/laravel",   //name 表示包的名稱，由作者名和項目名組成，用'/'分割(可以包含任何字符，包括空格，不區分大小寫，name是必要屬性)
    "description": "The Laravel Framework.",    //描述（description是必要屬性）
    "keywords": ["framework", "laravel"],   //一組用於搜索與篩選的與包相關的關鍵字，keywords是非必須屬性
    "license": "MIT",    //表示包的許可證，可以是字符串也可以是字符串數組，license是非必須屬性
    "type": "project",    //包的類型，默認為庫library，composer原生支持4中類型：“library”將文件復制到vendor目錄。“project”當前包是一個項目，"metapackage" 和 "composer-plugin"，type是非必須屬性
    "require": {       //表示必須安裝的依賴包列表，這些包必須滿足條件，否則不會安裝。require是非必須屬性
        "php": ">=7.0.0",
        "fideloper/proxy": "~3.3",
        "intervention/image": "^2.4",
        "laravel/framework": "5.5.*",
        "laravel/tinker": "~1.0"
    },
    "require-dev": {      //表示開發或運行測試時的依賴包列表。require-Dev是非必須屬性。
        "filp/whoops": "~2.0",
        "fzaninotto/faker": "~1.4",
        "mockery/mockery": "~1.0",
        "phpunit/phpunit": "~6.0",
        "symfony/thanks": "^1.0"
    },
    "autoload": {        //PHP自動加載的映射，支持psr-4和psr-0自動加載，class映射和files引用。
        "classmap": [
            "database/seeds",
            "database/factories"
        ],
        "psr-4": {
            "App\\": "app/"
        }
    },
    "autoload-dev": {
        "psr-4": {
            "Tests\\": "tests/"
        }
    },
    "extra": {       //表示scripts使用的任意擴展數據
        "laravel": {
            "dont-discover": [
            ]
        }
    },
    "scripts": {     //表示composer允許在安裝過程的各個部分執行腳本。
        "post-root-package-install": [
            "@php -r \"file_exists('.env') || copy('.env.example', '.env');\""
        ],
        "post-create-project-cmd": [
            "@php artisan key:generate"
        ],
        "post-autoload-dump": [
            "Illuminate\\Foundation\\ComposerScripts::postAutoloadDump",
            "@php artisan package:discover"
        ]
    },
    "config": {
        "preferred-install": "dist",
        "sort-packages": true,
        "optimize-autoloader": true
    }
}

 yii

{
    "name": "yiisoft/yii2-app-basic",
    "description": "Yii 2 Basic Project Template",
    "keywords": ["yii2", "framework", "basic", "project template"],
    "homepage": "http://www.yiiframework.com/",
    "type": "project",
    "license": "BSD-3-Clause",
    "support": {
        "issues": "https://github.com/yiisoft/yii2/issues?state=open",
        "forum": "http://www.yiiframework.com/forum/",
        "wiki": "http://www.yiiframework.com/wiki/",
        "irc": "irc://irc.freenode.net/yii",
        "source": "https://github.com/yiisoft/yii2"
    },
    "minimum-stability": "stable",
    "require": {
        "php": ">=5.4.0",
        "yiisoft/yii2": "~2.0.14",
        "yiisoft/yii2-bootstrap": "~2.0.0",
        "yiisoft/yii2-swiftmailer": "~2.0.0 || ~2.1.0"
    },
    "require-dev": {
        "yiisoft/yii2-debug": "~2.1.0",
        "yiisoft/yii2-gii": "~2.1.0",
        "yiisoft/yii2-faker": "~2.0.0",

        "codeception/base": "~2.3.0",
        "codeception/verify": "~0.4.0",
        "codeception/specify": "~0.4.6",
        "symfony/browser-kit": ">=2.7 <=4.2.4"
    },
    "config": {
        "process-timeout": 1800,
        "fxp-asset": {
            "enabled": false
        }
    },
    "scripts": {
        "post-install-cmd": [
            "yii\\composer\\Installer::postInstall"
        ],
        "post-create-project-cmd": [
            "yii\\composer\\Installer::postCreateProject",
            "yii\\composer\\Installer::postInstall"
        ]
    },
    "extra": {
        "yii\\composer\\Installer::postCreateProject": {
            "setPermission": [
                {
                    "runtime": "0777",
                    "web/assets": "0777",
                    "yii": "0755"
                }
            ]
        },
        "yii\\composer\\Installer::postInstall": {
            "generateCookieValidationKey": [
                "config/web.php"
            ]
        }
    },
    "repositories": [
        {
            "type": "composer",
            "url": "https://asset-packagist.org"
        }
    ]
}