1、卸載系統自帶的 MariaDB
[root@CentOS ~]# rpm -qa | grep mariadb mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64 [root@CentOS ~]# rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64
2、下載 mysql5.7.21 安裝包
[root@CentOS local]# wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
3、創建 mysql 用戶組和 mysql 用戶
[root@CentOS local]# useradd mysql
4、解壓安裝包，並將解壓好的文件夾重命名為mysql
[root@CentOS local]# tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/myisam_ftdump mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/myisamchk mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/myisamlog mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/myisampack mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/mysql mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/mysql_client_test_embedded mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/mysql_config_editor mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/mysql_embedded mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/mysql_install_db mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/mysql_plugin ......（略去內容）..... [root@CentOS local]# mv mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql
5、將 mysql 添加為系統服務
[root@CentOS local]# cp mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql [root@CentOS local]# chkconfig --add mysql
6、初始化數據庫
[root@CentOS mysql]# mkdir data [root@CentOS mysql]# ./bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data 2018-02-24T11:03:47.265873Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details). 2018-02-24T11:03:48.343129Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790 2018-02-24T11:03:48.473269Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables. 2018-02-24T11:03:48.541782Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 63b1ed0c-1952-11e8-aa97-000c29847b2d. 2018-02-24T11:03:48.542867Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened. 2018-02-24T11:03:48.543383Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: =u>yyVorV7g% [root@CentOS mysql]#
例如在 /usr/local/mysql 目錄下創建用於保存數據的data 目錄，初始化數據庫后獲得的臨時密碼為：=u>yyVorV7g%
7、啟動mysql服務，使用臨時密碼登錄mysql
[root@CentOS mysql]# systemctl start mysql # 使用 service mysql start 也可以 [root@CentOS mysql]# ps -ef | grep mysql root 4654 1 0 19:07 ? 00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/CentOS.pid mysql 4739 4654 4 19:07 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=CentOS.err --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/CentOS.pid root 4772 3618 0 19:07 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto mysql [root@CentOS mysql]# ./bin/mysql -u root -p Enter password: # 這里輸入剛獲取的臨時密碼 Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 2 Server version: 5.7.21 Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql>
8、修改登錄密碼
mysql> SET PASSWORD FOR 'root'@'localhost' = PASSWORD('123456'); # 將 root 登錄密碼修改為123456 Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec) mysql>
9、將 mysql 服務設置為開機啟動
[root@CentOS mysql]# chkconfig mysql on
10、設置任何遠程主機都可以訪問數據庫
[root@CentOS bin]# ./mysql -u root -p Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 6 Server version: 5.7.21 MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root' @'%' identified by '123456'; # 設置任何遠程主機都可以訪問 Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec) mysql> flush privileges; # 刷新權限 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql>
11、開放 3306 端口（mysql 默認端口）
[root@CentOS bin]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent # 添加 3306 端口 success [root@CentOS bin]# firewall-cmd --reload # 重新載入 success [root@CentOS bin]#
12、使用 Sqlyog 客戶端進行測試
