[轉][C#]AutoFac 使用方法總結

AutoFac使用方法總結:Part I

轉自：http://niuyi.github.io/blog/2012/04/06/autofac-by-unit-test/

AutoFac是.net平台下的IOC容器產品，它可以管理類之間的復雜的依賴關系。在使用方面主要是register和resolve兩類操作。 這篇文章用單元測試的形式列舉了AutoFac的常用使用方法：

注冊部分

使用RegisterType進行注冊

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[Fact] public void can_resolve_myclass() { var builder = new ContainerBuilder(); builder.RegisterType<MyClass>(); IContainer container = builder.Build(); var myClass = container.Resolve<MyClass>(); Assert.NotNull(myClass); }

注冊為接口

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[Fact] public void register_as_interface() { var builder = new ContainerBuilder(); builder.Register(c => new MyClass()).As<MyInterface>(); IContainer container = builder.Build(); Assert.NotNull(container.Resolve<MyInterface>()); Assert.Throws(typeof (ComponentNotRegisteredException), () => container.Resolve<MyClass>()); }

 

使用lambda表達式進行注冊

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[Fact] public void can_register_with_lambda() { var builder = new ContainerBuilder(); builder.Register(c => new MyClass()); IContainer container = builder.Build(); var myClass = container.Resolve<MyClass>(); Assert.NotNull(myClass); }

帶構造參數的注冊

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[Fact] public void register_with_parameter() { var builder = new ContainerBuilder(); builder.Register(c => new MyParameter()); builder.Register(c => new MyClass(c.Resolve<MyParameter>())); IContainer container = builder.Build(); Assert.NotNull(container.Resolve<MyClass>()); }

帶屬性賦值的注冊

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[Fact] public void register_with_property() { var builder = new ContainerBuilder(); builder.Register(c => new MyProperty()); builder.Register( c => new MyClass() { Property = c.Resolve<MyProperty>() }); IContainer container = builder.Build(); var myClass = container.Resolve<MyClass>(); Assert.NotNull(myClass); Assert.NotNull(myClass.Property); }

Autofac分離了類的創建和使用，這樣可以根據輸入參數（NamedParameter）動態的選擇實現類。

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[Fact] public void select_an_implementer_based_on_parameter_value() { var builder = new ContainerBuilder(); builder.Register<IRepository>((c, p) => { var type = p.Named<string>("type"); if (type == "test") { return new TestRepository(); } else { return new DbRepository(); } }).As<IRepository>(); IContainer container = builder.Build(); var repository = container.Resolve<IRepository>(new NamedParameter("type", "test")); Assert.Equal(typeof(TestRepository),repository.GetType()); }

AufoFac也可以用一個實例來注冊，比如用在單例模式情況下：

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[Fact] public void register_with_instance() { var builder = new ContainerBuilder(); builder.RegisterInstance(MyInstance.Instance).ExternallyOwned(); IContainer container = builder.Build(); var myInstance1 = container.Resolve<MyInstance>(); var myInstance2 = container.Resolve<MyInstance>(); Assert.Equal(myInstance1,myInstance2); }

注冊open generic類型

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[Fact] public void register_open_generic() { var builder = new ContainerBuilder(); builder.RegisterGeneric(typeof (MyList<>)); IContainer container = builder.Build(); var myIntList = container.Resolve<MyList<int>>(); Assert.NotNull(myIntList); var myStringList = container.Resolve<MyList<string>>(); Assert.NotNull(myStringList); }

對於同一個接口，后面注冊的實現會覆蓋之前的實現

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[Fact] public void register_order() { var containerBuilder = new ContainerBuilder(); containerBuilder.RegisterType<DbRepository>().As<IRepository>(); containerBuilder.RegisterType<TestRepository>().As<IRepository>(); IContainer container = containerBuilder.Build(); var repository = container.Resolve<IRepository>(); Assert.Equal(typeof(TestRepository), repository.GetType()); }

如果不想覆蓋的話，可以用PreserveExistingDefaults，這樣會保留原來注冊的實現。

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[Fact] public void register_order_defaults() { var containerBuilder = new ContainerBuilder(); containerBuilder.RegisterType<DbRepository>().As<IRepository>(); containerBuilder.RegisterType<TestRepository>().As<IRepository>().PreserveExistingDefaults(); IContainer container = containerBuilder.Build(); var repository = container.Resolve<IRepository>(); Assert.Equal(typeof (DbRepository), repository.GetType()); }

可以用Name來區分不同的實現，代替As方法

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[Fact] public void register_with_name() { var containerBuilder = new ContainerBuilder(); containerBuilder.RegisterType<DbRepository>().Named<IRepository>("DB"); containerBuilder.RegisterType<TestRepository>().Named<IRepository>("Test"); IContainer container = containerBuilder.Build(); var dbRepository = container.ResolveNamed<IRepository>("DB"); var testRepository = container.ResolveNamed<IRepository>("Test"); Assert.Equal(typeof(DbRepository), dbRepository.GetType()); Assert.Equal(typeof(TestRepository), testRepository.GetType()); }

如果一個類有多個構造函數的話，可以在注冊時候選擇不同的構造函數

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[Fact] public void choose_constructors() { var builder = new ContainerBuilder(); builder.RegisterType<MyParameter>(); builder.RegisterType<MyClass>().UsingConstructor(typeof (MyParameter)); IContainer container = builder.Build(); var myClass = container.Resolve<MyClass>(); Assert.NotNull(myClass); }

AutoFac可以注冊一個Assemble下所有的類，當然，也可以根據類型進行篩選

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[Fact] public void register_assembly() { var builder = new ContainerBuilder(); builder.RegisterAssemblyTypes(Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly()). Where(t => t.Name.EndsWith("Repository")). AsImplementedInterfaces(); IContainer container = builder.Build(); var repository = container.Resolve<IRepository>(); Assert.NotNull(repository); }

Posted by Niu Yi Apr 6th, 2012  c#