dockerfile運行mysql並初始化數據

 

本文目的不僅僅是創建一個MySQL的鏡像，而是在其基礎上再實現啟動過程中自動導入數據及數據庫用戶的權限設置，並且在新創建出來的容器里自動啟動MySQL服務接受外部連接，主要是通過Dockerfile和shell腳本實現這一過程。

搭建步驟

1、首先創建Dckerfile：

FROM mysql:5.7

#設置免密登錄
ENV MYSQL_ALLOW_EMPTY_PASSWORD yes

#將所需文件放到容器中
COPY setup.sh /mysql/setup.sh
COPY schema.sql /mysql/schema.sql
COPY privileges.sql /mysql/privileges.sql

#設置容器啟動時執行的命令
CMD ["sh", "/mysql/setup.sh"]

2、編寫容器啟動腳本setup.sh：

#!/bin/bash
set -e

#查看mysql服務的狀態，方便調試，這條語句可以刪除
echo `service mysql status`

echo '1.啟動mysql....'
#啟動mysql
service mysql start
sleep 3
echo `service mysql status`

echo '2.開始導入數據....'
#導入數據
mysql < /mysql/schema.sql
echo '3.導入數據完畢....'

sleep 3
echo `service mysql status`

#重新設置mysql密碼
echo '4.開始修改密碼....'
mysql < /mysql/privileges.sql
echo '5.修改密碼完畢....'

#sleep 3
echo `service mysql status`
echo `mysql容器啟動完畢,且數據導入成功`

tail -f /dev/null

這里是先導入數據，然后才是設置用戶和權限，是因為mysql容器一開始為免密登錄，Dockerfile中有如下設置：ENV MYSQL_ALLOW_EMPTY_PASSWORD yes,此時執行導入數據命令不需要登錄驗證操作，如果是先執行權限操作，那么導入數據則需要登錄驗證，整個過程就麻煩了許多。

3、需要導入數據的mysql腳本命令schema.sql：

-- 創建數據庫
create database `docker_mysql` default character set utf8 collate utf8_general_ci;

use docker_mysql;

-- 建表
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user`;

CREATE TABLE `user` (
  `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL,
  `created_at` bigint(40) DEFAULT NULL,
  `last_modified` bigint(40) DEFAULT NULL,
  `email` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  `first_name` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  `last_name` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  `username` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;

-- 插入數據
INSERT INTO `user` (`id`, `created_at`, `last_modified`, `email`, `first_name`, `last_name`, `username`)
VALUES
    (0,1490257904,1490257904,'[e-mail]','John','Doe','user');

因為是測試，所以隨便寫了一個建表語句，如果是真實項目肯定不止這一張表，直接將建表語句覆蓋過來就好。

4、mysql權限設置命令privileges.sql：

use mysql;
select host, user from user;
-- 因為mysql版本是5.7，因此新建用戶為如下命令：
create user docker identified by '123456';
-- 將docker_mysql數據庫的權限授權給創建的docker用戶，密碼為123456：
grant all on docker_mysql.* to docker@'%' identified by '123456' with grant option;
-- 這一條命令一定要有：
flush privileges;

5、創建鏡像

docker build -t docker-mysql-init-data .

docker build 為創建鏡像命令，名稱為docker-mysql-init-data，'.'表示當前目錄，即Dockerfile文件所在的目錄

$ docker build -t docker-mysql-init-data .
Sending build context to Docker daemon  6.144kB
Step 1/6 : FROM mysql:5.7
5.7: Pulling from library/mysql
fc7181108d40: Already exists 
787a24c80112: Pull complete 
a08cb039d3cd: Pull complete 
4f7d35eb5394: Pull complete 
5aa21f895d95: Pull complete 
a742e211b7a2: Pull complete 
0163805ad937: Pull complete 
62d0ebcbfc71: Pull complete 
559856d01c93: Pull complete 
c849d5f46e83: Pull complete 
f114c210789a: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:c3594c6528b31c6222ba426d836600abd45f554d078ef661d3c882604c70ad0a
Status: Downloaded newer image for mysql:5.7
 ---> a1aa4f76fab9
Step 2/6 : ENV MYSQL_ALLOW_EMPTY_PASSWORD yes
 ---> Running in 7ef903100274
Removing intermediate container 7ef903100274
 ---> e0b13ef4cdea
Step 3/6 : COPY setup.sh /mysql/setup.sh
 ---> e3e3d110e677
Step 4/6 : COPY schema.sql /mysql/schema.sql
 ---> a518ec11da67
Step 5/6 : COPY privileges.sql /mysql/privileges.sql
 ---> 3122063dfdd5
Step 6/6 : CMD ["sh", "/mysql/setup.sh"]
 ---> Running in 8f551037fa01
Removing intermediate container 8f551037fa01
 ---> 8fb5362648b9
Successfully built 8fb5362648b9

 

 6、找到生成的鏡像，啟動容器

$ docker run -p 13306:3306 -d docker-mysql-init-data

 

查看日志

$ docker logs bc4lcbc9ansba
MySQL Community Server 5.7.26 is not running.
1.啟動mysql....
2019-07-08T03:50:47.131210Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2019-07-08T03:50:47.331141Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2019-07-08T03:50:47.355405Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2019-07-08T03:50:47.414068Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 91ddb324-a133-11e9-9a7c-0242ac110002.
2019-07-08T03:50:47.415870Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2019-07-08T03:50:47.416972Z 1 [Warning] root@localhost is created with an empty password ! Please consider switching off the --initialize-insecure option.
..
MySQL Community Server 5.7.26 is started.
MySQL Community Server 5.7.26 is running.
2.開始導入數據....
3.導入數據完畢....
MySQL Community Server 5.7.26 is running.
4.開始修改密碼....
host    user
localhost    mysql.session
localhost    mysql.sys
localhost    root
5.修改密碼完畢....
MySQL Community Server 5.7.26 is running.
/mysql/setup.sh: 1: /mysql/setup.sh: mysql容器啟動完畢,且數據導入成功: not found