流程圖
借用官網文檔的流程圖，步驟如下：
1、客戶端主機從網卡引導啟動，啟動后發廣播請求，向DHCP服務器申請臨時通信IP，最終，DHCP服務器給客戶端主機分配了 192.168.31.250
同時，DHCP服務器通過參數next-server指定了TFTP服務器IP 192.168.31.212，通過參數filename指定了網絡引導映像文件 pxelinux.0
2、客戶端主機首先從TFTP服務器下載網絡引導映像文件 pxelinux.0，然后從TFTP服務器上讀取啟動菜單文件 pxelinux.cfg/default
default 文件中指定了內核文件，啟動配置文件，自動應答配置文件
3、客戶端主機依次從TFTP服務器下載內核和其他ESXi 組件，引導啟動內核、安裝程序
4、安裝程序讀取自動應答配置文件ks.cfg，實現自動化安裝
准備工作
PXE Server 操作系統
CentOS Linux release 7.6.1810 (Core)
3.86 版本的 SYSLINUX 軟件包
下載地址
ESXi 安裝程序 ISO 映像
ESXi-6.5-U1-7967591.iso
安裝配置
安裝基礎軟件包
[root@slave-248212 ~]# yum install -y dhcp tftp-server httpd
配置 dhcp
[root@slave-248212 ~]# vi /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
# dhcpd.conf
#
# Sample configuration file for ISC dhcpd
#
# option definitions common to all supported networks...
#option domain-name "example.org";
#option domain-name-servers ns1.example.org, ns2.example.org;
default-lease-time 600;
max-lease-time 7200;
# Use this to enble / disable dynamic dns updates globally.
#ddns-update-style none;
# If this DHCP server is the official DHCP server for the local
# network, the authoritative directive should be uncommented.
#authoritative;
# Use this to send dhcp log messages to a different log file (you also
# have to hack syslog.conf to complete the redirection).
log-facility local7;
# This is a very basic subnet declaration.
subnet 192.168.31.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
range 192.168.31.250 192.168.31.253;
next-server 192.168.31.212; # 指定TFTP服務器地址
filename "pxelinux.0"; # 指定網絡引導映像文件
}
配置 tftp
啟用 tftp 服務
[root@slave-248212 ~]# vi /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
# default: off
# description: The tftp server serves files using the trivial file transfer \
# protocol. The tftp protocol is often used to boot diskless \
# workstations, download configuration files to network-aware printers, \
# and to start the installation process for some operating systems.
service tftp
{
socket_type = dgram
protocol = udp
wait = yes
user = root
server = /usr/sbin/in.tftpd
server_args = -s /var/lib/tftpboot # TFTP服務器頂級目錄
disable = no # 從yes修改為no
per_source = 11
cps = 100 2
flags = IPv4
}
解壓縮 syslinux-3.86.zip，復制 pxelinux.0 到 /var/lib/tftpboot
解壓縮 ESXi-6.5-U1-7967591.iso， 復制所有文件到 /var/lib/tftpboot/esxi6.5
[root@slave-248212 ~]# ls -lh /var/lib/tftpboot
total 32K
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 405 Jul 6 12:01 boot.msg # 啟動引導界面
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4.0K Jul 6 12:06 esxi6.5 # ESXi ISO 解壓縮目錄
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 17K Jul 6 13:29 pxelinux.0 # syslinux-3.86.zip 解壓縮文件
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 21 Jul 6 13:34 pxelinux.cfg # 新建目錄，創建配置文件default
創建啟動菜單文件 boot.msg 和 default
[root@slave-248212 ~]# vi /var/lib/tftpboot/boot.msg
___________ _____________ ___.__ ________ .________
\_ _____// _____/\ \/ /|__| / _____/ | ____/
| __)_ \_____ \ \ / | | / __ \ |____ \
| \/ \ / \ | | \ |__\ \ / \
/_______ /_______ //___/\ \|__| \_____ / /\/______ /
\/ \/ \_/ \/ \/ \/
0. Boot From LocalDisk
1. Install VMWare ESXi6.5
[root@slave-248212 ~]# vi /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
default 0
prompt 1
timeout 600
display boot.msg
##### Boot From Localdisk #####
label 0
localboot 0xffff
##### Install VMWare esxi6.0 #####
label 1
kernel esxi6.5/mboot.c32
append -c esxi6.5/boot.cfg ks=http://192.168.31.212/esxi6.5/ks.cfg
配置 ks.cfg
[root@slave-248212 ~]# vi /var/www/html/esxi6.5/ks.cfg
accepteula
install --firstdisk --overwritevmfs
rootpw P@ssw0rd123
reboot
network --bootproto=static --ip=192.168.31.250 --netmask=255.255.255.0 --gateway=192.168.31.1 --hostname=192-168-31-250 --nameserver=114.114.114.114 --addvmportgroup=1
%firstboot --interpreter=busybox
vim-cmd hostsvc/enable_ssh
vim-cmd hostsvc/start_ssh
vim-cmd hostsvc/enable_esx_shell
vim-cmd hostsvc/start_esx_shell
啟動服務
[root@slave-248212 ~]# systemctl start tftp && systemctl start dhcp && systemctl start httpd