重要:
1. RHEL 7 系統,18.3C 要求操作系統版高於 3.10.0-123.el7.x86_64 或更高版本。
2. RHEL 6 系統,18.3C 要求操作系統版高於 2.6.32-358.el6.x86_64 或更高版本。
3. 物理內存和交換分區不能小於 8G,否則在安裝前檢查項報警告。
修改swap虛擬內存大小
如果系統安裝時設置的swap過小,則可通過下面方法擴容
cd /usr
mkdir swap
dd if=/dev/zero of=swapfile bs=1G count=4 (這條命令從硬盤里分出一個1×4G 大小的空間,掛在swapfile上)
mkswap /usr/swap/swapfile
swapon /usr/swap/swapfile
解決重啟失效vi /etc/fstab增加行
/usr/swap/swapfile swap swap defaults 0 0
系統環境
centos7.2
Oracle18.3C
關閉iptables,selinux
安裝依賴包yum install -y bc binutils compat-libcap1 glibc.i686 glibc glibc-devel.i686 glibc-devel ksh libaio.i686 libaio libaio-devel.i686 libaio-devel libX11.i686 libX11 libXau.i686 libXau libXi.i686 libXi libXtst.i686 libXtst libXrender-devel.i686 libXrender-devel libXrender.i686 libXrender libgcc.i686 libgcc libstdc++.i686 libstdc++ libstdc++-devel.i686 libstdc++-devel libxcb.i686 libxcb make nfs-utils net-tools python python-configshell python-rtslib python-six smartmontools sysstat targetcli
wget http://www.rpmfind.net/linux/centos/7.6.1810/os/x86_64/Packages/compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-72.el7.i686.rpm
wget http://www.rpmfind.net/linux/centos/7.6.1810/os/x86_64/Packages/compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-72.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-72.el7.i686.rpm
rpm -ivh compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-72.el7.x86_64.rpm
系統內核參數
vi /etc/sysctl.d/99-oracle-database-sysctl.conf
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 8329582592
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
kernel.semopm = 100
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
修改系統限制
vi /etc/security/limits.d/oracle-database-.conf
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle soft nproc 16384
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft stack 10240
oracle hard stack 32768
oracle hard memlock 134217728
oracle soft memlock 134217728
禁用THP配置
vi /etc/default/grub 在GRUB_CMDLINE_LINU 的 最后,加上 transparent_hugepage=never
vi /etc/redhat-release 改為redhat-7因為Oracle不支持centos
用戶配置
groupadd -g 54321 oinstall
groupadd -g 54322 dba
groupadd -g 54323 oper
groupadd -g 54324 backupdba
groupadd -g 54325 dgdba
groupadd -g 54326 kmdba
groupadd -g 54330 racdba
/usr/sbin/useradd -u 54321 -g oinstall -G dba,oper,backupdba,dgdba,kmdba,racdba oracle
passwd oracle
切到Oracle用戶vi /home/oracle/.bash_profile
# .bash_profile
# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
. ~/.bashrc
fi
# User specific environment and startup programs
export TMP=/tmp
export TMPDIR=$TMP
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/18.3.0.0/dbhome_1
export ORACLE_SID=orcl
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/jre:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
source .bash_profile
切到root
mkdir /u01
chmod -R 777 /u01
chown oracle.oinstall /u01
切到Oracle
mkdir –p $ORACLE_HOME
unzip LINUX.X64_180000_db_home.zip -d /u01/app/oracle/product/18.3.0.0/dbhome_1
准備database安裝響應文件
/u01/app/oracle/product/18.3.0.0/dbhome_1/install/response/db_install.rsp
安裝前環境檢查
./runInstaller -silent -executePrereqs -responseFile install/response/db_install.rsp,如果不通過看日志,回顯中有輸出日志文件,找日志文件中的error,看內存swap等是否滿足還有kernel等設置,都會明確的告訴你當前是多少建議多少
執行靜默安裝
./runInstaller -silent -ignorePrereqFailure -responseFile install/response/db_install.rsp
執行完后根據提示使用root身份執行兩個腳本
創建監聽
/u01/app/oracle/product/18.3.0.0/dbhome_1/bin/netca -silent -responsefile /u01/app/oracle/product/18.3.0.0/dbhome_1/assistants/netca/netca.rsp
執行完成后1521端口監聽起來
創建數據庫
/u01/app/oracle/product/18.3.0.0/dbhome_1/bin/dbca -silent -responsefile /u01/app/oracle/product/18.3.0.0/dbhome_1/assistants/dbca/dbca.rsp
安裝完成,使用客戶端連接
如果客戶端版本過低會造成ORA-28040 和 ORA-01017 錯誤
/u01/app/oracle/product/18.3.0.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/sqlnet.ora中加入行SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION=8
重啟監聽lsnrctl stop;lsnrctl start
sqlplus / as sysdba
alter user sys identified by oracle;
alter user system identified by oracle;
如果連接報tns錯,則在客戶端配置tns,把服務端的tns復制過去修改下ip