docker學習4-docker安裝mysql環境

前言

docker安裝mysql環境非常方便，簡單的幾步操作就可以了

拉取mysql鏡像

先拉取mysql的鏡像，可以在docker的鏡像倉庫找到不同TAG標簽的版本https://hub.docker.com/_/mysql?tab=tags
我這里選擇mysql:5.7標簽

[root@yoyo ~]# docker pull mysql:5.7
5.7: Pulling from library/mysql
fc7181108d40: Already exists 
787a24c80112: Already exists 
a08cb039d3cd: Already exists 
4f7d35eb5394: Already exists 
5aa21f895d95: Already exists 
a742e211b7a2: Pull complete 
0163805ad937: Pull complete 
62d0ebcbfc71: Pull complete 
559856d01c93: Pull complete 
c849d5f46e83: Pull complete 
f114c210789a: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:c3594c6528b31c6222ba426d836600abd45f554d078ef661d3c882604c70ad0a
Status: Downloaded newer image for mysql:5.7

docker images查看已經下載成功

REPOSITORY                 TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
centos                     v7.5                254d4dfe9df7        3 days ago          200MB
mysql                      5.7                 a1aa4f76fab9        2 weeks ago         373MB
centos/python-36-centos7   latest              b8d15efaa8ec        2 months ago        651MB
centos                     centos7.5.1804      cf49811e3cdb        3 months ago        200MB
ubuntu                     15.10               9b9cb95443b5        2 years ago         137MB
training/webapp            latest              6fae60ef3446        4 years ago         349MB
[root@yoyo ~]# 

配置mysql

創建mysql目錄，用於存放mysql相關配置及數據

• mkdir ： 如果存在上級目錄不存在的情況，會無法創建下級目錄, 會提出ERROR
• mkdir -p ：遞歸創建目錄，即使上級目錄不存在，會按目錄層級自動創建目錄
• ~ : ”/“是根目錄，”~“是家目錄。Linux存儲是以掛載的方式，相當於是樹狀的，源頭就是”/“，也就是根目錄。
  而每個用戶都有”家“目錄，也就是用戶的個人目錄，比如root用戶的”家“目錄就是/root,普通用戶a的家目錄就是/home/a

mkdir -p ~/yoyo/mysql/conf ~/yoyo/mysql/data ~/yoyo/mysql/logs

創建完成后，在當前用戶的home目錄(root用戶在root目錄)，會有三個文件夾

[root@yoyo ~]# mkdir -p ~/yoyo/mysql/conf ~/yoyo/mysql/data ~/yoyo/mysql/logs
[root@yoyo mysql]# ll ~/yoyo/mysql
total 12
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jun 30 10:31 conf
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jun 30 10:31 data
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jun 30 10:31 logs

運行mysql容器

docker run -p 3309:3306 --name yoyomysql -v ~/yoyo/mysql/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d -v ~/yoyo/mysql/logs:/logs -v ~/yoyo/mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d mysql:5.7

命令說明：

• --name 重命名yoyomysql
• -p 3309:3306：將容器的 3306 端口映射到主機的 3309 端口。
• -v -v _{/yoyo/mysql/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d：將主機}/yoyo/mysql/conf 掛載到容器的 /etc/mysql/my.cnf。
• -v _{/yoyo/mysql/logs:/logs：將主機}/yoyo/mysql 目錄掛載到容器的 /logs。
• -v ~/yoyo/mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql ：將主機~/yoyo/mysql/data目錄掛載到容器的 /var/lib/mysql 。
• -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456：初始化 root 用戶的密碼。
• -d 掛后台運行

啟動完成后，查看運行狀態

[root@yoyo mysql]# docker run -p 3309:3306 --name yoyomysql -v ~/yoyo/mysql/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d -v ~/yoyo/mysql/logs:/logs -v ~/yoyo/mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d mysql:5.7
581137afbd3ba22dc02bf89d3ec1afb6e51d55eed0d99a3a4a979bdee8d5de4a
[root@yoyo ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                               NAMES
581137afbd3b        mysql:5.7           "docker-entrypoint.s…"   4 minutes ago       Up 4 minutes       33060/tcp, 0.0.0.0:3309->3306/tcp   yoyomysql

查看~/yoyo/mysql/data目錄會看到有數據

[root@yoyo ~]# ll ~/yoyo/mysql/data/
total 188476
-rw-r----- 1 polkitd ssh_keys       56 Jun 30 10:38 auto.cnf
-rw------- 1 polkitd ssh_keys     1679 Jun 30 10:38 ca-key.pem
-rw-r--r-- 1 polkitd ssh_keys     1107 Jun 30 10:38 ca.pem
-rw-r--r-- 1 polkitd ssh_keys     1107 Jun 30 10:38 client-cert.pem
-rw------- 1 polkitd ssh_keys     1675 Jun 30 10:38 client-key.pem
-rw-r----- 1 polkitd ssh_keys     1340 Jun 30 10:38 ib_buffer_pool
-rw-r----- 1 polkitd ssh_keys 79691776 Jun 30 10:38 ibdata1
-rw-r----- 1 polkitd ssh_keys 50331648 Jun 30 10:38 ib_logfile0
-rw-r----- 1 polkitd ssh_keys 50331648 Jun 30 10:38 ib_logfile1
-rw-r----- 1 polkitd ssh_keys 12582912 Jun 30 10:38 ibtmp1
drwxr-x--- 2 polkitd ssh_keys     4096 Jun 30 10:38 mysql
drwxr-x--- 2 polkitd ssh_keys     4096 Jun 30 10:38 performance_schema
-rw------- 1 polkitd ssh_keys     1679 Jun 30 10:38 private_key.pem
-rw-r--r-- 1 polkitd ssh_keys      451 Jun 30 10:38 public_key.pem
-rw-r--r-- 1 polkitd ssh_keys     1107 Jun 30 10:38 server-cert.pem
-rw------- 1 polkitd ssh_keys     1675 Jun 30 10:38 server-key.pem
drwxr-x--- 2 polkitd ssh_keys    12288 Jun 30 10:38 sys

進入容器bash

輸入docker exec -it mysql bash進入容器bash,接着輸入mysql -uroot -p輸入root用戶密碼123456進入mysql

[root@yoyo data]# docker exec -i -t yoyomysql bash
root@581137afbd3b:/# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 4
Server version: 5.7.26 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> 

進入mysql之后所有指令結尾都需要 ;

• show databases; 查看所有的庫
• use 某個數據庫, 如 use mysql;
• select 查詢語句;

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
mysql> select host, user from user;
+-----------+---------------+
| host      | user          |
+-----------+---------------+
| %         | root          |
| localhost | mysql.session |
| localhost | mysql.sys     |
| localhost | root          |
+-----------+---------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> exit
Bye
root@581137afbd3b:/# exit
exit

退出mysql和容器用exit

連接mysql測試

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