SpringBoot開發案例之異常處理並郵件通知

前言

在項目開發中，對於異常處理我們通常有多種處理方式，比如：控制層手動捕獲異常，攔截器統一處理異常。今天跟大家分享一種注解的方式，統一攔截異常並處理。

異常處理

在spring 3.2中，新增了@RestControllerAdvice 注解，可以用於定義@ExceptionHandler、@InitBinder、@ModelAttribute，並應用到所有@RequestMapping中。

創建 RRExceptionHandler，並添加 @RestControllerAdvice注解，來這樣就可以攔截所有控制層上拋出來的異常。

/**
 * 異常處理器
 * 創建時間    2017年11月20日
 */
@RestControllerAdvice
public class RRExceptionHandler {

    @Autowired
    private IMailService mailService;

    private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(getClass());

    @Value("${alarm.email}")
    private String[] email;

    /**
     * 自定義異常
     */
    @ExceptionHandler(RRException.class)
    public Result handleRRException(RRException e){
        Result r = new Result();
        r.put("code", e.getCode());
        r.put("msg", e.getMessage());
        return r;
    }

    @ExceptionHandler(DuplicateKeyException.class)
    public Result handleDuplicateKeyException(DuplicateKeyException e){
        logger.error(e.getMessage(), e);
        return Result.error("數據庫中已存在該記錄");
    }

    @ExceptionHandler(Exception.class)
    public Result handleException(Exception e){
        StringWriter stringWriter = new StringWriter();
        e.printStackTrace(new PrintWriter(stringWriter));
        Email mail = new Email();
        mail.setEmail(email);
        mail.setSubject("工作流系統告警");
        mail.setContent(stringWriter.toString());
        //mailService.send(mail);
        mailService.sendFreemarker(mail);
        logger.error(e.getMessage(), e);
        return Result.error();
    }
}

 

自定義異常 RRException：

/**
 * 自定義異常
 * 創建時間    2017年11月20日
 */
public class RRException extends RuntimeException {
    
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
    
    private String msg;
    
    private int code = 500;
    
    public RRException(String msg) {
        super(msg);
        this.msg = msg;
    }
    
    public RRException(String msg, Throwable e) {
        super(msg, e);
        this.msg = msg;
    }
    
    public RRException(String msg, int code) {
        super(msg);
        this.msg = msg;
        this.code = code;
    }
    
    public RRException(String msg, int code, Throwable e) {
        super(msg, e);
        this.msg = msg;
        this.code = code;
    }

    public String getMsg() {
        return msg;
    }

    public void setMsg(String msg) {
        this.msg = msg;
    }

    public int getCode() {
        return code;
    }

    public void setCode(int code) {
        this.code = code;
    }
}

 

郵件通知

郵件通知，需要引入以下配置：

<!-- email -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- freemarker 模版 -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-freemarker</artifactId>
</dependency>

 

配置模板郵件參數：

# freemarker
spring.freemarker.template-loader-path=classpath:/templates/
spring.freemarker.suffix=.ftl
spring.freemarker.enabled=true
spring.freemarker.cache=false
spring.freemarker.charset=UTF-8
spring.freemarker.content-type=text/html
spring.freemarker.allow-request-override=false
spring.freemarker.check-template-location=true
spring.freemarker.expose-request-attributes=false
spring.freemarker.expose-session-attributes=false
spring.freemarker.expose-spring-macro-helpers=false

# 郵件配置
spring.mail.host=smtp.163.com
spring.mail.username=[e-mail]
spring.mail.password=123456
spring.mail.properties.mail.smtp.auth=true
spring.mail.properties.mail.smtp.starttls.enable=true
spring.mail.properties.mail.smtp.starttls.required=true

# 告警通知 多個以逗號分隔
alarm.email = [e-mail]

 

定義Email封裝類：

/**
 * Email封裝類
 */
public class Email implements Serializable {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
    // 必填參數
    private String[] email;// 接收方郵件
    private String subject;// 主題
    private String content;// 郵件內容
    // 選填
    private String template;// 模板
    private HashMap<String, String> kvMap;// 自定義參數

    public Email() {
        super();
    }

    public Email(String[] email, String subject, String content, String template, HashMap<String, String> kvMap) {
        super();
        this.email = email;
        this.subject = subject;
        this.content = content;
        this.template = template;
        this.kvMap = kvMap;
    }

    public String[] getEmail() {
        return email;
    }

    public void setEmail(String[] email) {
        this.email = email;
    }

    public String getSubject() {
        return subject;
    }

    public void setSubject(String subject) {
        this.subject = subject;
    }

    public String getContent() {
        return content;
    }

    public void setContent(String content) {
        this.content = content;
    }

    public String getTemplate() {
        return template;
    }

    public void setTemplate(String template) {
        this.template = template;
    }

    public HashMap<String, String> getKvMap() {
        return kvMap;
    }

    public void setKvMap(HashMap<String, String> kvMap) {
        this.kvMap = kvMap;
    }
}

 

發送接口：

public interface IMailService {
    /**
     * 純文本
     * @param mail
     * @throws Exception
     */
     public void send(Email mail);
    /**
     * 模版發送 freemarker
     * @param mail
     * @throws Exception
     */
     public void sendFreemarker(Email mail);
    
}

 

發送實現：

@Service
public class MailServiceImpl implements IMailService {
    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MailServiceImpl.class);
    @Autowired
    private JavaMailSender mailSender;//執行者
    @Autowired
    public Configuration configuration;//freemarker
    @Value("${spring.mail.username}")
    public String USER_NAME;//發送者
    @Value("${server.path}")
    public String PATH;//郵件服務地址，用於顯示圖片
    
    //文本分割
    static {
         System.setProperty("mail.mime.splitlongparameters","false");
    }

    @Override
    public void send(Email mail) {
        try {
            logger.info("發送郵件：{}",mail.getContent());
            SimpleMailMessage message = new SimpleMailMessage();
            message.setFrom(USER_NAME);
            message.setTo(mail.getEmail());
            message.setSubject(mail.getSubject());
            message.setText(mail.getContent());
            mailSender.send(message);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    @Override
    public void sendFreemarker(Email mail) {
        try {
            MimeMessage message = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
            MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message, true);
            //這里可以自定義發信名稱比如：工作流
            helper.setFrom(USER_NAME,"工作流");
            helper.setTo(mail.getEmail());
            helper.setSubject(mail.getSubject());
            Map<String, Object> model = new HashMap<String, Object>();
            model.put("mail", mail);
            model.put("path", PATH);
            Template template = configuration.getTemplate(mail.getTemplate());
            String text = FreeMarkerTemplateUtils.processTemplateIntoString(
                    template, model);
            helper.setText(text, true);
            mailSender.send(message);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

 

定義發送模板 notify.ftl ：

<!doctype html>
<html lang="zh-cmn-Hans">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="renderer" content="webkit" />
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge,chrome=1" />
    <title>Document</title>
</head>
<body>
   您好：${mail.content} 
</body>
</html>