IDEA——SSM配置筆記（附帶Illegal access: this web application instance has been stopped already. Could not load [].解決方案）

本文轉載自查看原文 2019-06-18 09:41 2446 spring

首先簡單理解Spring容器和SpringMVC的關系
- web.xml中spring的核心ContextLoaderListener初始化的上下文和springmvc的核心DispatcherServlet初始化的上下文關系:
- Spring容器和SpringMVC容器雖然是父容器與子容器的關系，但二者之間具有一定的獨立性。具體來說，兩個容器基於各自的配置文件分別進行初始化，只有在子容器找不到對應的Bean時，才回去父容器中去找並加載。
- 此外，一般地，SpringMVC容器只管理Controller，剩下的Service、Repository 和 Component 由Spring容器去管理，不建議兩個容器上在管理Bean上發生交叉。

　　2. 環境搭建

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　工程目錄如下：

　　　　然后就是部署Tomcat的web運行環境，注意web.xml，applicationContext.xml，spring-mvc.xml中關於路徑的配置都是相對於classpath或WEB-INF配置的，因為實際生產環境中可能只有項目運行代碼，並沒有源文件，運行時需要到web項目下加載文件。

　web.xml

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 2 <web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
 3          xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 4          xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
 5          version="4.0">
 6 
 7     <welcome-file-list>
 8         <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
 9     </welcome-file-list>
10 
11     <!--    用於加載Spring      -->
12     <listener>
13         <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
14     </listener>
15     <listener>
16         <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.request.RequestContextListener</listener-class>
17     </listener>
18 
19     <!--    配置applicationContext.xml文件位置    -->
20     <context-param>
21         <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
22         <param-value>classpath:config/spring/applicationContext.xml</param-value>
23     </context-param>
24 
25     <!--    加載log4j2    -->
26     <listener>
27         <listener-class>org.apache.logging.log4j.web.Log4jServletContextListener</listener-class>
28     </listener>
29 
30     <!--    配置log4j2.xml文件位置    -->
31     <context-param>
32         <param-name>log4jConfiguration</param-name>
33         <param-value>classpath:config/log/log4j2.xml</param-value>
34     </context-param>
35 
36     <filter>
37         <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
38         <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
39         <init-param>
40             <param-name>encoding</param-name>
41             <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
42         </init-param>
43         <init-param>
44             <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
45             <param-value>true</param-value>
46         </init-param>
47     </filter>
48     <filter-mapping>
49         <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
50         <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
51     </filter-mapping>
52 
53     <!--    前端控制器配置     -->
54     <servlet>
55         <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
56         <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
57         <init-param>
58             <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
59             <param-value>classpath:config/spring/spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
60         </init-param>
61         <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
62     </servlet>
63     <servlet-mapping>
64         <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
65         <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
66     </servlet-mapping>
67 
68     <!--    配置session過期時間（以分為單位）    -->
69     <session-config>
70         <session-timeout>30</session-timeout>
71     </session-config>
72 </web-app>

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applicationContext.xml（applicationContext.xml文件內容如下，主要是配置dataSource （數據源）、事務管理、對dataSource 數據源進行事務管理、事務通知、事務 aop 配置等）

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 2 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 3        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 4        xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
 5        xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
 6        xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
 7                            http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
 8                            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
 9                            http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
10 
11     <description>Spring Configuration</description>
12 
13     <context:component-scan base-package="cn.itcast.ssm.service"/>
14     <context:component-scan base-package="cn.itcast.ssm.mapper"/>
15 
16     <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource" destroy-method="close"/>
17 
18     <!--    dao層    -->
19     <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
20         <!--   注意在web環境下配置文件位置應設置為WEB-INF中相應的路徑      -->
21         <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:config/mybatis/mybatis-config.xml"/>
22         <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
23     </bean>
24     <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
25         <property name="basePackage" value="cn.itcast.ssm.mapper"/>
26         <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
27     </bean>
28 
29     <!--    service層    -->
30     <bean id="itemsService" class="cn.itcast.ssm.service.impl.ItemsServiceImpl"/>
31 
32     <!--    事務配置    -->
33     <bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
34         <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
35     </bean>
36     <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="txManager">
37         <tx:attributes>
38             <tx:method name="insert*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
39             <tx:method name="save*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
40             <tx:method name="delete*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
41             <tx:method name="update*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
42             <tx:method name="retrieve*" propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true"/>
43             <tx:method name="select*" propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true"/>
44             <tx:method name="find*" propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true"/>
45         </tx:attributes>
46     </tx:advice>
47     <aop:config>
48         <aop:pointcut id="pointcut1" expression="execution(* cn.itcast.ssm.service..*(..))"/>
49         <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="pointcut1"/>
50     </aop:config>
51 </beans>

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spring-mvc.xml（主要是web層，如controller層和視圖層的配置）

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 2 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 3        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 4        xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
 5        xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
 6        xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
 7                            http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
 8                            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
 9 
10     <context:component-scan base-package="cn.itcast.ssm.controller"/>
11 
12     <!--    配置視圖解析器     -->
13     <bean id="internalResourceViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
14         <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
15         <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
16     </bean>
17 </beans>

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　　　　另外，在項目中配置log4j（log4j2）日志是很重要的，對於程序出錯時查錯，找錯，調試有很大幫助，對於上面所提到的（注意web.xml，applicationContext.xml，spring-mvc.xml中關於路徑的配置都是相對於classpath或WEB-INF配置的，因為實際生產環境中可能只有項目運行代碼，並沒有源文件，運行時需要到web項目下加載文件），如果配置的路徑不是相對於classpath或者WEB-INF，沒配置日志本人實現時拋出如下異常，由於信息量少，很難找出錯誤所在：

18-Jun-2019 09:26:36.836 信息 [Abandoned connection cleanup thread] org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoaderBase.checkStateForResourceLoading Illegal access: this web application instance has been stopped already. Could not load []. The following stack trace is thrown for debugging purposes as well as to attempt to terminate the thread which caused the illegal access.
 java.lang.IllegalStateException: Illegal access: this web application instance has been stopped already. Could not load []. The following stack trace is thrown for debugging purposes as well as to attempt to terminate the thread which caused the illegal access.
	at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoaderBase.checkStateForResourceLoading(WebappClassLoaderBase.java:1348)
	at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoaderBase.getResource(WebappClassLoaderBase.java:1007)
	at com.mysql.cj.jdbc.AbandonedConnectionCleanupThread.checkContextClassLoaders(AbandonedConnectionCleanupThread.java:96)
	at com.mysql.cj.jdbc.AbandonedConnectionCleanupThread.run(AbandonedConnectionCleanupThread.java:69)
	at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1128)
	at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:628)
	at java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:834)

　　在加了log4j2日志后，顯示：

Caused by: java.io.FileNotFoundException: Could not open ServletContext resource [/config/mybatis/mybatis-config.xml]
	at org.springframework.web.context.support.ServletContextResource.getInputStream(ServletContextResource.java:141)
	at org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean.buildSqlSessionFactory(SqlSessionFactoryBean.java:406)
	at org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet(SqlSessionFactoryBean.java:380)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.invokeInitMethods(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1692)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1630)
	... 81 more

　　從而得知找不到相應配置文件，原因在於配置是相對於src的，而不是相對於classpath，修正后即可正常運行。

　　可見，項目中加入日志是很有幫助的。

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