ubuntu16.04 安裝zabbix-server和zabbix-agent

 

 

 一、必要條件

0、必要條件

zabbix-server已經安裝lnmp或者lamp環境

安裝nginx

sudo apt-get install nginx

安裝mysql

sudo apt-get install mysql-server mysql-client

 

安裝php

sudo apt-get install php-fpm php-gd php-mbstring php-curl php-xml php-mcrypt php-mysql php-zip php-json php-redis php-memcached

 

 

配置php.ini

max_execution_time = 600
max_input_time = 600
memory_limit = 256M
post_max_size = 32M
upload_max_filesize = 16M
date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai

 

 

ps -ef | grep nginx #查看nginx進程
/usr/sbin/nginx -t  #確認nginx的配置文件位置

root@HOSTNAME:~# /usr/sbin/nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful

/etc/nginx/nginx.conf的部分內容如下：

        include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
        include /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/*;

#從配置文件/etc/nginx/nginx.conf，可以確認，目前默認使用的是/etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default

#編輯/etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default文件，打開php-fpm，這里使用的是php-fpm
{......}

        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        #
        location ~ \.php$ {
                include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf;

        #       # With php7.0-cgi alone:
        #       fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
                # With php7.0-fpm:
                fastcgi_pass unix:/run/php/php7.0-fpm.sock;
        }

{......}

 

二、服務端安裝（zabbix-server） 

1、安裝zabbix-server

sudo wget http://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/4.2/ubuntu/pool/main/z/zabbix-release/zabbix-release_4.2-1%2Bxenial_all.deb
sudo dpkg -i zabbix-release_4.2-1+xenial_all.deb
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install zabbix-server-mysql zabbix-frontend-php

2、初始化zabbix數據庫

mysql -u root -p

#以下命令是在mysql中運行
1 create database zabbixdb character set utf8;
grant all privileges on zabbixdb.* to 'zabbixuser'@'localhost' identified by 'password';
flush privileges;

導入數據

cd /usr/share/doc/zabbix-server-mysql/
zcat create.sql.gz | mysql -uroot -p zabbixdb  #此處輸入mysql的root密碼

配置zabbix-server

1 vim /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf

修改以下關鍵位置

[...]
DBHost=localhost
[...]
DBName=zabbixdb
[...]
DBUser=zabbixuser
[...]
DBPassword=password
[...]

 

 

注意：如果開啟了ufw，需要添加以下配置

firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=10050/tcp
firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=10051/tcp
systemctl restart firewalld

如果開啟了selinux（Linux系統，比如Centos、Redhat等），添加以下配置

setsebool -P httpd_can_connect_zabbix=1
semanage permissive -a zabbix_agent_t

 

3、配置zabbix-server的前端

將zabbix文件移動（或者拷貝）到網站目錄下

mv /usr/share/zabbix /var/www/html

訪問 http://ip-address/zabbix或者 http://domain-name/zabbix

所有選項都是ok才可以下一步

 

 

注意：這里配置的是mysql設置的信息

完成之后，默認的登陸方式為

admin/zabbix

 

三、優化操作

1、zabbix-agent自動注冊到zabbix-server

• Configuration--Actions--Create action

可使用host name、host metadata或者proxy方式

 

 

 

 前端配置完成之后，需要在agent進行配置

 

四、客戶端安裝

1、zabbix-agent安裝

sudo wget http://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/4.2/ubuntu/pool/main/z/zabbix-release/zabbix-release_4.2-1%2Bxenial_all.deb
sudo dpkg -i zabbix-release_4.2-1+xenial_all.deb
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install zabbix-agent

 

2、修改配置文件

2.1、修改腳本

建議使用腳本批量修改

注1：192.168.100.133是zabbix-server地址

注2：如果自動注冊使用Host metadata方式，需要將# HostMetadataItem=修改為HostMetadata=(前端配置的名字，自定義)

注3：如果自動注冊使用Host name方式，需要將# HostMetadataItem=修改為HostMetadataItem=system.uname(值來自key)

zabbix_agent_conf_replace.sh

 

#! /usr/bin/env bash
ZABBIX_HOSTNAME=$(hostname)
sed -i "s/^Hostname=Zabbix server/Hostname=$ZABBIX_HOSTNAME/g" /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf
sed -i "s/^ServerActive=127.0.0.1/ServerActive=192.168.100.133/g" /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf
sed -i "s/^Server=127.0.0.1/Server=192.168.100.133/g" /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf
sed -i "s/^# UnsafeUserParameters=0/UnsafeUserParameters=1/g" /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf
sed -i "s/^# HostMetadataItem=/HostMetadata=（前端配置的名字）/g" /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf 
systemctl restart zabbix-agent.service 
systemctl enable zabbix-agent.service

 

 

 

 2.2、上傳腳本至服務器

在自己筆記本或者中控服務器上（需要跟各服務器能通）定義列表environment.list

# 集群各機器 IP 數組
export NODE_IPS=(192.168.100.111 192.168.100.112 192.168.100.114 192.168.100.119 192.168.100.119 192.168.100.124 192.168.100.115 192.168.100.113 192.168.100.120 192.168.100.126 192.168.100.127)

source environment.list
for node_ip in ${NODE_IPS[@]};   do     echo ">>> ${node_ip}";     scp ./zabbix_replace.sh ${node_ip}:/tmp;   done
pssh -i -h server.list "sudo su - root -c 'sh /tmp/zabbix_replace.sh'"

正常情況下，到這里就完成了部署和自動注冊上線

 

 

 

五、遇到的問題

1、php無法解析

原因：未開啟php-fpm（或者php-cgi）

解決：nginx配置文件（/etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default）里，server選項里開啟php-fpm即可

server {
        listen 80 default_server;
        listen [::]:80 default_server;

        # SSL configuration
        #
        # listen 443 ssl default_server;
        # listen [::]:443 ssl default_server;
        #
        # Note: You should disable gzip for SSL traffic.
        # See: https://bugs.debian.org/773332
        #
        # Read up on ssl_ciphers to ensure a secure configuration.
        # See: https://bugs.debian.org/765782
        #
        # Self signed certs generated by the ssl-cert package
        # Don't use them in a production server!
        #
        # include snippets/snakeoil.conf;

        root /var/www/html;

        # Add index.php to the list if you are using PHP
        index index.html index.htm index.nginx-debian.html index.php;

        server_name _;

        location / {
                # First attempt to serve request as file, then
                # as directory, then fall back to displaying a 404.
                try_files $uri $uri/ =404;
        }

        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        #
        location ~ \.php$ {
                include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf;

        #       # With php7.0-cgi alone:
        #       fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
                # With php7.0-fpm:
                fastcgi_pass unix:/run/php/php7.0-fpm.sock;
        }

        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
        # concurs with nginx's one
        #
        #location ~ /\.ht {
        #       deny all;
        #}
}

 

2、nginx 403

（directory index of "/var/www/html/zabbix/" is forbidden）

原因：nginx里未配置php的允許

解決：nginx配置文件（/etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default）里，server選項里添加index.php即可

 

3、附件：默認配置文件

/etc/nginx/nginx.conf

user www-data;
worker_processes auto;
pid /run/nginx.pid;

events {
    worker_connections 768;
    # multi_accept on;
}

http {

    ##
    # Basic Settings
    ##

    sendfile on;
    tcp_nopush on;
    tcp_nodelay on;
    keepalive_timeout 65;
    types_hash_max_size 2048;
    # server_tokens off;

    # server_names_hash_bucket_size 64;
    # server_name_in_redirect off;

    include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
    default_type application/octet-stream;

    ##
    # SSL Settings
    ##

    ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2; # Dropping SSLv3, ref: POODLE
    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;

    ##
    # Logging Settings
    ##

    access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log;
    error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;

    ##
    # Gzip Settings
    ##

    gzip on;
    gzip_disable "msie6";

    # gzip_vary on;
    # gzip_proxied any;
    # gzip_comp_level 6;
    # gzip_buffers 16 8k;
    # gzip_http_version 1.1;
    # gzip_types text/plain text/css application/json application/javascript text/xml application/xml application/xml+rss text/javascript;

    ##
    # Virtual Host Configs
    ##

    include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
    include /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/*;
}


#mail {
#    # See sample authentication script at:
#    # http://wiki.nginx.org/ImapAuthenticateWithApachePhpScript
#
#    # auth_http localhost/auth.php;
#    # pop3_capabilities "TOP" "USER";
#    # imap_capabilities "IMAP4rev1" "UIDPLUS";
#
#    server {
#        listen     localhost:110;
#        protocol   pop3;
#        proxy      on;
#    }
#
#    server {
#        listen     localhost:143;
#        protocol   imap;
#        proxy      on;
#    }
#}

 

 

/etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default

##
# You should look at the following URL's in order to grasp a solid understanding
# of Nginx configuration files in order to fully unleash the power of Nginx.
# http://wiki.nginx.org/Pitfalls
# http://wiki.nginx.org/QuickStart
# http://wiki.nginx.org/Configuration
#
# Generally, you will want to move this file somewhere, and start with a clean
# file but keep this around for reference. Or just disable in sites-enabled.
#
# Please see /usr/share/doc/nginx-doc/examples/ for more detailed examples.
##

# Default server configuration
#
server {
listen 80 default_server;
listen [::]:80 default_server;

# SSL configuration
#
# listen 443 ssl default_server;
# listen [::]:443 ssl default_server;
#
# Note: You should disable gzip for SSL traffic.
# See: https://bugs.debian.org/773332
#
# Read up on ssl_ciphers to ensure a secure configuration.
# See: https://bugs.debian.org/765782
#
# Self signed certs generated by the ssl-cert package
# Don't use them in a production server!
#
# include snippets/snakeoil.conf;

root /var/www/html;

# Add index.php to the list if you are using PHP
index index.html index.htm index.nginx-debian.html index.php;

server_name _;

location / {
# First attempt to serve request as file, then
# as directory, then fall back to displaying a 404.
try_files $uri $uri/ =404;
}

# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
location ~ \.php$ {
include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf;

#    # With php7.0-cgi alone:
#    fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
# With php7.0-fpm:
fastcgi_pass unix:/run/php/php7.0-fpm.sock;
}

# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
# concurs with nginx's one
#
#location ~ /\.ht {
#    deny all;
#}
}


# Virtual Host configuration for example.com
#
# You can move that to a different file under sites-available/ and symlink that
# to sites-enabled/ to enable it.
#
#server {
#    listen 80;
#    listen [::]:80;
#
#    server_name example.com;
#
#    root /var/www/example.com;
#    index index.html;
#
#    location / {
#    try_files $uri $uri/ =404;
#    }
#}