Tomcat服務org.springframework.web.util.NestedServletException: Handler processing failed; nested exception is java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Java heap space

一個運行了很久的項目，最近忽然報錯：OOM( java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Java heap space)，異常如下

org.springframework.web.util.NestedServletException: Handler processing failed; nested exception is java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Java heap space
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.triggerAfterCompletionWithError(DispatcherServlet.java:1305)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:979)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:895)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:967)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doPost(FrameworkServlet.java:869)
    at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:648)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:843)
    at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:729)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:269)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:184)
    at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:53)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:217)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:184)
    at org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter.doFilterInternal(CharacterEncodingFilter.java:121)
    at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:217)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:184)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:199)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:105)
    at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:506)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:140)
    at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:79)
    at org.apache.catalina.valves.AbstractAccessLogValve.invoke(AbstractAccessLogValve.java:616)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:87)
    at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:361)
    at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.service(Http11Processor.java:1080)
    at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProcessorLight.process(AbstractProcessorLight.java:75)
    at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$ConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:757)
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(NioEndpoint.java:1515)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(Unknown Source)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(Unknown Source)
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source)
Caused by: java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Java heap space

 

程序運行時內存分為堆(Stack)內存和棧(Heap)內存

憑借着初略的c語言知識來分析這個問題,理解如下：

1、棧內存的特性是快用快銷，不需要手工去釋放、管理；（網絡問題、文件系統、消息循環、不合理的遞歸等操作也會導致棧開銷過大，甚至溢出StackOverFlowError）

2、堆內存的特性是誰用誰銷（c語言中說法：誰申請誰釋放）

那么根據異常來甄別一下，一定是程序不合理的使用使用內存導致整個問題，而OOM異常一般是硬件級別的異常。

查了一下服務器，32G的內存，不應該出現這種問題的。

 

由於tomcat是通過服務方式運行的，more分配的內存如下

Initial memory pool(初始化堆內存) 128M 對應-Xms參數

Maximun memory pool(最大堆內存) 256M 對應-Xmx參數

由於端午節期間放假，增量數據累計到33萬，沒有人去處理，程序在自動運行的時候嘗試申請堆內存，觸頂了（256M），所以報這個錯誤。

解決方法：增大初始化堆內存，最大堆內存

Initial memory pool改為1024M

Maximun memory pool 10240M

另外在Java Option里面添加以下參數

-XX:PermSize=256M  //初始化類加載內存池大小 
-XX:MaxPermSize=256M //最大類加載內存池大小 
-XX:MaxNewSize=256M 

優化后如下

參考：Tomcat啟動內存設置【轉載】