centos7 源碼編譯安裝 nginx

安裝步驟

1. 下載 nginx 源碼包 官網

   $ wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.16.0.tar.gz 
   

2. 解壓 nginx 壓縮包

   $ tar -zxvf nginx-1.16.0.tar.gz 
   

3. 創建 www 用戶 (已存在可以跳過)

   $ groupadd www
   $ useradd -g www -s /sbin/nologin -M www
   

4. 運行 configure 文件檢測程序

   $ cd nginx-1.16.0 
   
   $ ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=www --group=www
   
   checking for OS 
   
   + Linux 3.10.0-957.12.2.el7.x86_64 x86_64 
   
   checking for C compiler ... not found 
   
   ./configure: error: C compiler cc is not found 
   # 此處是因為沒有 gcc 和 gcc-c++ 依賴包,由於我是 centos 可以直接通過yum進行安裝 
   $ yum -y install gcc gcc-c++
   ... 此處省略安裝步奏
   # 再次執行上面的 configure 步驟
   $ ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=www --group=www
   ... 此處省略一部分
   ./configure: error: the HTTP rewrite module requires the PCRE library.
   You can either disable the module by using --without-http_rewrite_module
   option, or install the PCRE library into the system, or build the PCRE library
   statically from the source with nginx by using --with-pcre=<path> option.
   # 這次根據提示是因為沒有 PCRE 庫 ,執行 yum 安裝 pcre-devel即可
   $ yum -y install pcre-devel
   ... 此處省略一部分
   Running transaction
     正在安裝    : pcre-devel-8.32-17.el7.x86_64                               1/1
     驗證中      : pcre-devel-8.32-17.el7.x86_64                               1/1
   
   已安裝:
     pcre-devel.x86_64 0:8.32-17.el7
   
   完畢！
   # 再次執行 configure 步驟
   $ ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=www --group=www
   ... 此處省略一部分
   ./configure: error: the HTTP gzip module requires the zlib library.
   You can either disable the module by using --without-http_gzip_module
   option, or install the zlib library into the system, or build the zlib library
   statically from the source with nginx by using --with-zlib=<path> option.
   # 這此根據提示是因為沒有 zlib 庫 ，執行 yum 安裝 zlib 和 zlib-devel 即可
   $ yum -y install zlib zlib-devel
   ... 此處省略一部分
   Running transaction
     正在安裝    : zlib-devel-1.2.7-18.el7.x86_64                          1/1
     驗證中      : zlib-devel-1.2.7-18.el7.x86_64                              1/1
   
   已安裝:
     zlib-devel.x86_64 0:1.2.7-18.el7
   
   完畢！
   # 再次執行 configure 步驟
   $ ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=www --group=www
   ... 此處省略一部分
   Configuration summary
     + using system PCRE library
     + OpenSSL library is not used
     + using system zlib library
   
     nginx path prefix: "/usr/local/nginx"
     nginx binary file: "/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
     nginx modules path: "/usr/local/nginx/modules"
     nginx configuration prefix: "/usr/local/nginx/conf"
     nginx configuration file: "/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"
     nginx pid file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"
     nginx error log file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/error.log"
     nginx http access log file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/access.log"
     nginx http client request body temporary files: "client_body_temp"
     nginx http proxy temporary files: "proxy_temp"
     nginx http fastcgi temporary files: "fastcgi_temp"
     nginx http uwsgi temporary files: "uwsgi_temp"
     nginx http scgi temporary files: "scgi_temp"
   # 總算通過了下面進行編譯和安裝
   $ make && make install
   # 檢測是否安裝成功
   $ /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
   nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
   nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
   # 辛苦總算沒有白費，成功了.
   

5. 啟動 nginx 服務

   $ /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
   # 啟動了一個nginx服務,然我測試下是否啟動成功
   $ lsof -i:80
   COMMAND   PID   USER   FD   TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
   nginx   17440   root    6u  IPv4  35217      0t0  TCP *:http (LISTEN)
   nginx   17441 nobody    6u  IPv4  35217      0t0  TCP *:http (LISTEN)
   # 完成。
   # PS：如果 lsof 沒有這個操作可以使用 yum -y install lsof 安裝
   

6. 配置防火牆80端口

   $ firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=80/tcp --permanent  
   $ systemctl restart firewalld
   

安裝總結

# 下載、解壓 源碼包
$ wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.16.0.tar.gz 
$ tar -zxvf nginx-1.16.0.tar.gz 

# 創建 www 用戶 (已存在可以跳過)
$ groupadd www
$ useradd -g www -s /sbin/nologin -M www

# 安裝 前置服務
$ yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ pcre-devel zlib zlib-devel

# 檢測安裝環境
$ ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=www --group=www

# 編譯 和 安裝
$ make && make install

# 啟動服務
$ /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

# 打開防火牆
$ firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=80/tcp --permanent  
$ systemctl restart firewalld

操作命令

# 停止
[1]
$ pkill -9 nginx
[2]
$ nginx -s stop
# 檢查配置是否正確
$ nginx -t
# 重啟
$ nginx -s reload

配置開機自啟

由於我是 centos 7 ，我打算用 systemctl 作為我的管理工具,下面是我的操作步驟。

還有一個原因是因為我配置 nginx 啟動腳本總是報錯，我懶得去弄官網給的那個腳本了。

$ vim /lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
# 輸入以下代碼，並且保存
[Unit]
Description=nginx 
After=network.target 
   
[Service] 
Type=forking 
ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
ExecReload=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx reload
ExecStop=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx quit
PrivateTmp=true 
   
[Install] 
WantedBy=multi-user.target
$ systemctl start nginx.service
Failed to execute operation: Access denied
# 這里報了一個錯誤，提示我沒有權限
$ setenforce 0 # 臨時關閉 selinux ,如果想長久關閉請自行搜索
$ systemctl start nginx
# 沒有報錯，測試一下 
$ lsof -i:80
COMMAND  PID USER   FD   TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
nginx   1398 root    6u  IPv4  19609      0t0  TCP *:http (LISTEN)
nginx   1399  www    6u  IPv4  19609      0t0  TCP *:http (LISTEN)
# 成功，設置為開機自動啟動
$ systemctl enable nginx.service