本文將介紹在spring項目中自定義注解,借助redis實現接口的限流
自定義注解類
import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;
/**
* 基於注解的請求限制
*/
@Target({ElementType.TYPE, ElementType.METHOD})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface AccessLimit {
/**
* 請求限制數
* @return
*/
int limit();
/**
* 時間范圍
* @return
*/
int timeScope();
}
使用注解
我們在需要進行接口防刷的類或者方法上加上該注解即可,
例
/**
* 得到秒殺地址
* 由於秒殺地址較為重要和敏感,為了防止惡意用戶刷接口,
* 我們將秒殺接口作為動態的
* @param user
* @param goodsId
* @param tryCode
* @return
*/
@GetMapping("/path")
@ResponseBody
@AccessLimit(limit = 5, timeScope = 5) // 限制5秒內只能請求5次
public Result<String> getMiaoshaPath(HttpServletRequest request, User user, long goodsId, String tryCode) {
// 驗證碼校驗
Boolean verifyPass = kaptchaService.imgVerifyCode(user, goodsId, tryCode);
if (!verifyPass) {
log.info("【執行秒殺】-- 驗證碼錯誤");
throw new FlashSaleException(KAPTCHA_VERIFY_FAIL);
}
String path = miaoshaService.createPath(user, goodsId);
return Result.success(path);
};
使用攔截器,在攔截方法時拿到注解上的屬性
@Override
public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
// 從redis中取到值
Cookie cookie = CookieUtil.get(request, Constants.Cookie.TOKEN);
if (cookie == null) {
throw new FlashSaleException(AuthFailEnum.COOKIE_HAVE_NO_TOKEN);
}
StringRedisTemplate redisTemplate = ApplicationContextHolder.get().getBean("stringRedisTemplate", StringRedisTemplate.class);
String userStr = redisTemplate.opsForValue().get(cookie.getValue());
if (StringUtils.isEmpty(userStr)) {
throw new FlashSaleException(AuthFailEnum.REDIS_HAVE_NOT_TOKEN);
}
User user = JSON.parseObject(userStr, User.class);
UserContextHolder.set(user);
if (handler instanceof HandlerMethod) {
HandlerMethod hm = (HandlerMethod) handler;
// 拿到注解的內容
AccessLimit accessLimit = hm.getMethodAnnotation(AccessLimit.class);
if (accessLimit == null) {
// 不需要限流驗證
return true;
} else {
// 需要限流驗證
int limit = accessLimit.limit();
int timeScope = accessLimit.timeScope();
// 次數校驗(借助redis實現基於用戶的限流驗證)
String requestURI = request.getRequestURI();
final String redisKey = Constants.Cache.PATH_COUNT_PREFIX + user.getId() + ":" + requestURI;
String currentCount = redisTemplate.opsForValue().get(redisKey);
if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(currentCount)) {
int count = Integer.valueOf(currentCount);
if (count < limit) {
redisTemplate.opsForValue().increment(redisKey, 1);
} else {
// 訪問過於頻繁
throw new FlashSaleException(PATH_LIMIT_REACHED);
}
} else {
redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(redisKey, "1", timeScope, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
}
}
}
UserContextHolder.set(user);
renewExpiretime(response, cookie, userStr);
return true;
}
總結
在實現了上述代碼后,當我們訪問到帶有AccessLimit注解的方法或類時,只要攔截器攔截了該請求,就能通過getMethodAnnotation()拿到注解上的limit和timeScope屬性,然后借助redis實現限流;比如某些接口我們可能想要2秒只能訪問1次,那么就把limit=1 timeScope=2,某些接口我們想要限制1分鍾訪問10次,就把limit=10, timeScope=60