C#中,如果碰到需要調用Python代碼時,一種方法是使用IronPython,不過這種方法太繁瑣太累,特別是碰到Python代碼中帶有大量的第三方包,就會一直報錯,提示缺少相應模塊,這種方法太low,只支持Python2代碼,果斷摒棄。推薦另一種方法是用pyinstaller打包Python程序,會自動將程序中引用的第三方包也打包進去,Python3.X隨便用,很方便。pyinstaller怎么安裝就不用說了,下面介紹下pyinstaller打包的過程和c#調用的過程。
1、現在,在你的電腦桌面有一個Python文件(名字為secondcompare.py)需要打包,里面的代碼如下:

import difflib import pandas as pd import sys def compare(fundname, securityname): ratio = difflib.SequenceMatcher(None, fundname, securityname).ratio() return ratio def second(fundname,securityname_string): securityname_list = [] if '\n' in securityname_string: fund = securityname_string.split('\n') for line in fund: if len(line) > 0: line = line.strip() line = line.rstrip('\r') securityname_list.append(line) else: securityname_list.append(securityname_string) ratio_list = [(fundname, securityname, compare(fundname, securityname)) for securityname in securityname_list] pd_result = pd.DataFrame(ratio_list, columns=['FundName', 'SecurityName', 'Ratio']).sort_values(by='Ratio', ascending=False) return pd_result.head(1).values.tolist()[0][1] if __name__=='__main__': # fundname="Ivy VIP High Income II" # securityname_string='''Janus Henderson VIT Overseas Portfolio: Service Shares\n # Janus Henderson VIT Forty Portfolio: Service Shares\n # Fidelity Variable Insurance Products Fund - VIP High Income Portfolio: Service Class # ''' fundname=sys.argv[1] securityname_string=sys.argv[2] a=second(fundname,securityname_string) print(a)
2、打開cmd命令窗口,先執行cd C:\Users\jlin10\Desktop進入到桌面路徑(用戶名自己改),然后執行pyinstaller -F -i icon.ico secondcompare.py,pyinstaller的各個參數設置可以參考https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_39000819/article/details/80942423。然后cmd就開始跑,到最后提示打包成功,結果在桌面生成了一個與Python文件同名的spec文件和三個文件夾__pycache__、build、dist,打包好的exe程序就放在dist文件夾里。
3、接下來在C#中調用這個secondcompare.exe,把第2步生成的四個東西剪切到C#的debug文件夾里,引用using System.Diagnostics;,輸入以下代碼:
string temppath = System.AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory.ToString(); Process p = new Process(); p.StartInfo.FileName = temppath + "\\dist\\secondcompare.exe"; p.StartInfo.UseShellExecute = false; p.StartInfo.RedirectStandardOutput = true; p.StartInfo.RedirectStandardInput = true; p.StartInfo.CreateNoWindow = true; string arg1="Ivy VIP High Income II"; string arg2="Janus Henderson VIT Overseas Portfolio: Service Shares\nJanus Henderson VIT Forty Portfolio: Service Shares\nFidelity Variable Insurance Products Fund - VIP High Income Portfolio: Service Class"; p.StartInfo.Arguments ="\"" + arg1 + "\"" + " " + "\"" + arg2+ "\""; p.Start(); string output = p.StandardOutput.ReadToEnd(); p.WaitForExit(); p.Close(); MessageBox.Show(output);
其中,參數間是用空格分隔的,這里兩個參數都帶有空格,不能直接相連,要先用"\""括起來,中間再用空格相連。
最后,附上Python代碼文件和用到的圖標。