python - django (實現電子郵箱的賬戶注冊和驗證碼功能)

使用 Django 來做一個電子郵箱注冊 並 發送驗證碼的功能 （此處以 163 郵箱為例）

 

一. 登陸 163 郵箱賬號,  然后進行下列操作

 

 

 

 

 

二. settings 配置文件

# 發送郵箱驗證碼
EMAIL_HOST = "smtp.163.com"     # 服務器
EMAIL_PORT = 25                 # 一般情況下都為25
EMAIL_HOST_USER = "[e-mail]"     # 賬號
EMAIL_HOST_PASSWORD = "******"          # 密碼 (注意：這里的密碼指的是授權碼)
EMAIL_USE_TLS = False       # 一般都為False
EMAIL_FROM = "[e-mail]"      # 郵箱來自

 

三. 添加電子郵箱驗證 model

 

# 郵箱驗證
class EmailVerifyRecord(models.Model):
    # 驗證碼
    code = models.CharField(max_length=20, verbose_name="驗證碼")
    email = models.EmailField(max_length=50, verbose_name="郵箱")
    # 包含注冊驗證和找回驗證
    send_type = models.CharField(verbose_name="驗證碼類型", max_length=10,
                                 choices=(("register", "注冊"), ("forget", "找回密碼")))
    send_time = models.DateTimeField(verbose_name="發送時間", default=datetime.datetime.now())

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = u"2. 郵箱驗證碼"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __unicode__(self):
        return '{0}({1})'.format(self.code, self.email)

 

四. 發送郵件工具  email_send.py

from random import Random  # 用於生成隨機碼
from django.core.mail import send_mail  # 發送郵件模塊
from app01.models import EmailVerifyRecord  # 郵箱驗證model
from django.conf import settings    # setting.py添加的的配置信息

import datetime


# 生成隨機字符串
def random_str(randomlength=8):
    """
    隨機字符串
    :param randomlength: 字符串長度
    :return: String 類型字符串
    """
    str = ''
    chars = 'AaBbCcDdEeFfGgHhIiJjKkLlMmNnOoPpQqRrSsTtUuVvWwXxYyZz0123456789'
    length = len(chars) - 1
    random = Random()
    for i in range(randomlength):
        str += chars[random.randint(0, length)]
    return str


# 發送電子郵件
def send_code_email(email, send_type="register"):
    """
    發送電子郵件
    :param email: 要發送的郵箱
    :param send_type: 郵箱類型
    :return: True/False
    """
    email_record = EmailVerifyRecord()
    # 將給用戶發的信息保存在數據庫中
    code = random_str(16)
    email_record.code = code
    email_record.email = email
    email_record.send_type = send_type
    email_record.send_time = datetime.datetime.now()
    email_record.save()
    # 初始化為空
    email_title = ""
    email_body = ""
    # 如果為注冊類型
    if send_type == "register":
        email_title = "注冊激活"
        # email_body = "請點擊下面的鏈接激活你的賬號:http://127.0.0.1:8000/active/{0}".format(code)
        email_body = "您的郵箱注冊驗證碼為：{0}, 該驗證碼有效時間為兩分鍾，請及時進行驗證。".format(code)
        # 發送郵件
        send_status = send_mail(email_title, email_body, settings.EMAIL_FROM, [email])
        if not send_status:
            return False
    if send_type == "retrieve":
        email_title = "找回密碼"
        email_body = "您的郵箱注冊驗證碼為：{0}, 該驗證碼有效時間為兩分鍾，請及時進行驗證。".format(code)
        # 發送郵件
        send_status = send_mail(email_title, email_body, settings.EMAIL_FROM, [email])
        if not send_status:
            return False
    return True

 

五. 在你的獲取驗證碼的接口中直接調用上面方法即可。例如 發送注冊碼

# 注冊發送郵箱驗證碼
class SendEmailRegisterCodeView(APIView):
    def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        return redirect('/register')

    def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        ret = BaseResponseData()
        try:
            email = request.POST.get("email", None)

            ret.data = {
                'code': "0",'email': email,'error_email': ''
            }

            user_obj = models.MembershipAccount.objects.filter(username=email, is_active=True).first()
            if user_obj:
                ret.data['code'] = "111"
                ret.data['error_email'] = "用戶已存在"
                return Response(ret.dict)
            else:
                # 發送郵箱
                res_email = send_code_email(email)
                if res_email:
                    # 注冊用戶信息，設置登陸狀態為False
                    create_last_user = models.MembershipAccount.objects.update_or_create(username=email, is_active=False)
                    if not create_last_user:
                        ret.data['code'] = "111"
                        ret.data['error_email'] = "注冊錯誤，請重試"
                        return Response(ret.dict)
                    return Response(ret.dict)
                else:
                    ret.data['code'] = "111"
                    ret.data['error_email'] = "驗證碼發送失敗, 請稍后重試"
                    return Response(ret.dict)
        except Exception as e:
            print("錯誤信息 : ", e)
            ret.data['code'] = "111"
            ret.data['error_email'] = "驗證錯誤, 請稍后重試"
        return Response(ret.dict)