因為項目需要從9i 導數據到18C，所以發現如下特性
1.18C imp 導入數據，如果表空間在目標庫沒有，會將表導入到用戶默認表空間2.18C imp 導入數據，如果表空間在目標庫有，但缺少權限。會將表創建到對應表空間，但數據不能導入。3.18C grant connect,resource to user 后，不需要再revoke unlimited tablespace ,默認就不給該系統權限。而這在11G及以前都是需要回收的。
不知道12C有沒有該特性，也不需要關心，以后肯定是19C的天下。
測試案例
1. 創建導出文件
test 用了4個表空間
sqlplus / as sysdba create tablespace users1; create tablespace users2; create tablespace users3; create tablespace users4; Create user test identified by test default tablespace users1; grant connect,resource to test; conn test/test create table tu1 tablespace users1 as select * from all_tables; create table tu2 tablespace users2 as select * from all_tables; create table tu3 tablespace users3 as select * from all_tables; create table tu4 tablespace users4 as select * from all_tables;
exp test/test file=test.dmp
2. 在11G導入
create user test11g identified by test11g default tablespace users1; grant connect,resource to test11g; revoke unlimited tablespace from test11g; alter user test11g quota unlimited on users1; alter user test11g quota unlimited on users2; User created. SQL> Grant succeeded. SQL> Revoke succeeded. SQL> User altered. SQL> User altered. SQL> SQL> quit Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options [oracle@oracle ~]$ imp test11g/test11g file=test.dmp log=test11g.log fromuser=test touser=test11g Import: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Sat May 25 08:11:54 2019 Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options Export file created by EXPORT:V11.02.00 via conventional path Warning: the objects were exported by TEST, not by you import done in ZHS16GBK character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set import server uses AL32UTF8 character set (possible charset conversion) . . importing table "TU1" 103 rows imported . . importing table "TU2" 104 rows imported . . importing table "TU3" IMP-00058: ORACLE error 1950 encountered ORA-01950: no privileges on tablespace 'USERS3' . . importing table "TU4" IMP-00058: ORACLE error 1950 encountered ORA-01950: no privileges on tablespace 'USERS4' Import terminated successfully with warnings.
TU1/TU2 順利導入
TU3/TU4 因為表空間權限問題導入失敗，檢查：
SQL> conn test11g/test11g Connected. SQL> select TABLE_NAME,TABLESPACE_NAME from user_tables; TABLE_NAME TABLESPACE_NAME ------------------------------ ------------------------------ TU1 USERS1 TU2 USERS2 TU3 USERS3 TU4 USERS4 SQL> select count(1) from tu1; COUNT(1) ---------- 103 SQL> select count(1) from tu2; COUNT(1) ---------- 104 SQL> select count(1) from tu3; COUNT(1) ---------- 0 SQL> select count(1) from tu4; COUNT(1) ---------- 0
雖然對users3/users4 表空間無權限，但其實表還是創建了的，只是數據不能導入。
3. 在19C導入
創建表空間和用戶
users1/users2, users3/users4不創建
users1 設為默認表空間，不授權訪問users2
sqlplus / as sysdba
alter session set container=pdb;
create tablespace users1 datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL19C/pdb/users101.dbf' size 5m;
create tablespace users2 datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL19C/pdb/users102.dbf' size 5m;
create user test19c identified by test19c default tablespace users1;
grant connect,resource to test19c;
revoke unlimited tablespace from test19c;
alter user test19c quota unlimited on users1;
[oracle@orcl19C ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Sat May 25 10:13:47 2019 Version 19.3.0.0.0 Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production Version 19.3.0.0.0 SQL> alter session set container=pdb; create tablespace users1 datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL19C/pdb/users101.dbf' size 5m; create tablespace users2 datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL19C/pdb/users102.dbf' size 5m; create user test19c identified by test19c default tablespace users1; grant connect,resource to test19c; revoke unlimited tablespace from test19c; Session altered. SQL> alter user test19c quota unlimited on users1; Tablespace created. SQL> Tablespace created. SQL> User created. SQL> Grant succeeded. SQL> revoke unlimited tablespace from test19c * ERROR at line 1: ORA-01952: system privileges not granted to 'TEST19C' SQL> User altered.
ORA-01952: system privileges not granted to 'TEST19C' 19C沒有被授予 UNLIMITED TABLESPACE 系統權限。
導入數據到19C
[oracle@orcl19C ~]$ imp test19c/test19c@ORCL19CPDB file=test.dmp log=test19c.log fromuser=test touser=test19c Import: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Sat May 25 10:18:27 2019 Version 19.3.0.0.0 Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production Version 19.3.0.0.0 Export file created by EXPORT:V11.02.00 via conventional path Warning: the objects were exported by TEST, not by you import done in ZHS16GBK character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set . . importing table "TU1" 103 rows imported . . importing table "TU2" IMP-00058: ORACLE error 1950 encountered ORA-01950: no privileges on tablespace 'USERS2' . . importing table "TU3" 105 rows imported . . importing table "TU4" 106 rows imported Import terminated successfully with warnings. [oracle@orcl19C ~]$ sqlplus test19c/test19c@ORCL19CPDB SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Sat May 25 10:20:18 2019 Version 19.3.0.0.0 Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle. All rights reserved. Last Successful login time: Sat May 25 2019 10:18:30 -04:00 Connected to: Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production Version 19.3.0.0.0 SQL> col tablespace_name for a30 SQL> col table_name for a30 SQL> select TABLE_NAME,TABLESPACE_NAME from user_tables; TABLE_NAME TABLESPACE_NAME ------------------------------ ------------------------------ TU1 USERS1 TU2 USERS2 TU3 USERS1 TU4 USERS1 SQL> select count(1) from TU1 union all 2 select count(1) from TU2 union all 3 select count(1) from TU3 union all 4 select count(1) from TU4 ; COUNT(1) ---------- 103 0 105 106
由上可知，在19C中
1. 表空間不存在時，imp 會把數據導入到默認表空間。而在11G或以前表空間不存在，導入會報錯，只能導入到與源庫相同的表空間名下。
2. 表空間都存在時，且有權限時。數據將導入到與源庫相同的表空間
3.部分表空間缺失權限，表會創建在與源庫相同的表空間，但因為缺少權限數據不能導入。