目錄
1. lamp簡介
所謂lamp，其實就是由Linux+Apache+Mysql/MariaDB+Php/Perl/Python的一組動態網站或者服務器的開源軟件，除Linux外其它各部件本身都是各自獨立的程序，但是因為經常被放在一起使用，擁有了越來越高的兼容度，共同組成了一個強大的Web應用程序平台。
LAMP指的是Linux（操作系統）、Apache（HTTP服務器）、MySQL（也指MariaDB，數據庫軟件）和PHP（有時也是指Perl或Python）的第一個字母，一般用來建立web應用平台。
2. web服務器工作流程
在說lamp架構平台的搭建前，我們先來了解下什么是CGI，什么是FastCGI，什么是......
web服務器的資源分為兩種，靜態資源和動態資源
靜態資源就是指靜態內容，客戶端從服務器獲得的資源的表現形式與原文件相同。可以簡單的理解為就是直接存儲於文件系統中的資源
動態資源則通常是程序文件，需要在服務器執行之后，將執行的結果返回給客戶端
那么web服務器如何執行程序並將結果返回給客戶端呢？下面通過一張圖來說明一下web服務器如何處理客戶端的請求
如上圖所示
階段①顯示的是httpd服務器（即apache）和php服務器通過FastCGI協議進行通信，且php作為獨立的服務進程運行
階段②顯示的是php程序和mysql數據庫間通過mysql協議進行通信。php與mysql本沒有什么聯系，但是由Php語言寫成的程序可以與mysql進行數據交互。同理perl和python寫的程序也可以與mysql數據庫進行交互
2.1 cgi與fastcgi
上圖階段①中提到了FastCGI，下面我們來了解下CGI與FastCGI。
CGI（Common Gateway Interface，通用網關接口），CGI是外部應用程序（CGI程序）與WEB服務器之間的接口標准，是在CGI程序和Web服務器之間傳遞信息的過程。CGI規范允許Web服務器執行外部程序，並將它們的輸出發送給Web瀏覽器，CGI將web的一組簡單的靜態超媒體文檔變成一個完整的新的交互式媒體。
FastCGI（Fast Common Gateway Interface）是CGI的改良版，CGI是通過啟用一個解釋器進程來處理每個請求，耗時且耗資源，而FastCGI則是通過master-worker形式來處理每個請求，即啟動一個master主進程，然后根據配置啟動幾個worker進程，當請求進來時，master會從worker進程中選擇一個去處理請求，這樣就避免了重復的生成和殺死進程帶來的頻繁cpu上下文切換而導致耗時
2.3 web工作流程
通過上面的圖說明一下web的工作流程：
- 客戶端通過http協議請求web服務器資源
w- eb服務器收到請求后判斷客戶端請求的資源是靜態資源或是動態資源- 若是靜態資源則直接從本地文件系統取之返回給客戶端。
- 否則若為動態資源則通過FastCGI協議與php服務器聯系，通過CGI程序的master進程調度worker進程來執行程序以獲得客戶端請求的動態資源，並將執行的結果通過FastCGI協議返回給httpd服務器，httpd服務器收到php的執行結果后將其封裝為http響應報文響應給客戶端。在執行程序獲取動態資源時若需要獲得數據庫中的資源時，由Php服務器通過mysql協議與MySQL/MariaDB服務器交互，取之而后返回給httpd，httpd將從php服務器收到的執行結果封裝成http響應報文響應給客戶端。
3. lamp平台構建
環境說明：
| 系統平台 | IP | 需要安裝的服務 |
|---|---|---|
| centos7 redhat7 |
192.168.163.128 | httpd-2.4 mysql-5.7 php php-mysql |
lamp平台軟件安裝次序：
httpd --> mysql --> php
注意：php要求httpd使用prefork MPM
3.1 安裝httpd
//安裝開發工具包
[root@cl ~]# yum groups mark install 'Development Tools'
Loaded plugins: product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription-manager
This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use subscription-manager to register.
There is no installed groups file.
Maybe run: yum groups mark convert (see man yum)
Marked install: Development Tools
//創建apache服務的用戶和組
[root@cl ~]# groupadd -r apache
[root@cl ~]# useradd -r -M -s /sbin/nologin -g apache apache
//安裝依賴包
[root@cl ~]# yum -y install openssl-devel pcre-devel expat-devel libtool
Loaded plugins: product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription-manager
This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use subscription-manager to register.
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package openssl-devel.x86_64 1:1.0.2k-12.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: openssl-libs(x86-64) = 1:1.0.2k-12.el7 for package: 1:openssl-devel-1.0.2k-12.el7.x86_64
......
......
libselinux-utils.x86_64 0:2.5-12.el7 libsepol.x86_64 0:2.5-8.1.el7
libss.x86_64 0:1.42.9-12.el7_5 openssl.x86_64 1:1.0.2k-12.el7
openssl-libs.x86_64 1:1.0.2k-12.el7
Complete!
//下載和安裝apr以及apr-util
[root@cl ~]# cd /usr/src/
[root@cl src]# wget http://mirrors.shu.edu.cn/apache//apr/apr-1.6.5.tar.bz2
--2018-08-04 18:42:17-- http://mirrors.shu.edu.cn/apache//apr/apr-1.6.5.tar.bz2
Resolving mirrors.shu.edu.cn (mirrors.shu.edu.cn)... 202.121.199.235
Connecting to mirrors.shu.edu.cn (mirrors.shu.edu.cn)|202.121.199.235|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 302 Found
Location: http://172.16.24.182/mirrors.shu.edu.cn/apache//apr/apr-1.6.5.tar.bz2 [following]
--2018-08-04 18:42:17-- http://172.16.24.182/mirrors.shu.edu.cn/apache//apr/apr-1.6.5.tar.bz2
Connecting to 172.16.24.182:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 854100 (834K) [application/x-bzip2]
Saving to: ‘apr-1.6.5.tar.bz2’
100%[======================================================>] 854,100 1.67MB/s in 0.5s
2018-08-04 18:42:18 (1.67 MB/s) - ‘apr-1.6.5.tar.bz2’ saved [854100/854100]
[root@localhost src]# wget http://mirrors.shu.edu.cn/apache//apr/apr-util-1.6.1.tar.bz2
--2018-08-04 18:43:13-- http://mirrors.shu.edu.cn/apache//apr/apr-util-1.6.1.tar.bz2
Resolving mirrors.shu.edu.cn (mirrors.shu.edu.cn)... 202.121.199.235
Connecting to mirrors.shu.edu.cn (mirrors.shu.edu.cn)|202.121.199.235|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 302 Found
Location: http://172.16.24.175/mirrors.shu.edu.cn/apache//apr/apr-util-1.6.1.tar.bz2 [following]
--2018-08-04 18:43:13-- http://172.16.24.175/mirrors.shu.edu.cn/apache//apr/apr-util-1.6.1.tar.bz2
Connecting to 172.16.24.175:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 428595 (419K) [application/x-bzip2]
Saving to: ‘apr-util-1.6.1.tar.bz2’
100%[======================================================>] 428,595 1.14MB/s in 0.4s
2018-08-04 18:43:14 (1.14 MB/s) - ‘apr-util-1.6.1.tar.bz2’ saved [428595/428595]
[root@cl src]# ls
apr-1.6.5.tar.bz2 apr-util-1.6.1.tar.bz2 debug kernels
[root@cl src]# tar xf apr-1.6.5.tar.bz2
[root@cl src]# tar xf apr-util-1.6.1.tar.bz2
[root@cl src]# ls
apr-1.6.5 apr-1.6.5.tar.bz2 apr-util-1.6.1 apr-util-1.6.1.tar.bz2 debug kernels
[root@cl src]# cd apr-1.6.5
[root@cl apr-1.6.5]# vim configure
cfgfile="${ofile}T"
trap "$RM \"$cfgfile\"; exit 1" 1 2 15
# $RM "$cfgfile" //將此行加上注釋，或者刪除此行
[root@cl apr-1.6.5]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr
配置過程略...
[root@cl apr-1.6.5]# make && make install
編譯安裝過程略...
[root@cl apr-1.6.5]# cd /usr/src/apr-util-1.6.1
[root@cl apr-util-1.6.1]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr
配置過程略...
[root@cl apr-util-1.6.1]# make && make install
編譯安裝過程略...
//編譯安裝httpd
[root@cl ~]# wget http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/apache//httpd/httpd-2.4.37.tar.bz2
--2018-08-04 18:30:46-- http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/apache//httpd/httpd-2.4.37.tar.bz2
Resolving mirror.bit.edu.cn (mirror.bit.edu.cn)... 114.247.56.117, 2001:da8:204:2001:250:56ff:fea1:22
Connecting to mirror.bit.edu.cn (mirror.bit.edu.cn)|114.247.56.117|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 6942969 (6.6M) [application/octet-stream]
Saving to: ‘httpd-2.4.37.tar.bz2’
100%[======================================================>] 6,942,969 591KB/s in 19s
2018-08-04 18:31:05 (353 KB/s) - ‘httpd-2.4.37.tar.bz2’ saved [6942969/6942969]
[root@cl ~]# ls
httpd-2.4.37.tar.bz2
[root@cl ~]# tar xf httpd-2.4.37.tar.bz2
[root@cl ~]# cd httpd-2.4.37
[root@cl httpd-2.4.37]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache \
--sysconfdir=/etc/httpd24 \
--enable-so \
--enable-ssl \
--enable-cgi \
--enable-rewrite \
--with-zlib \
--with-pcre \
--with-apr=/usr/local/apr \
--with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util/ \
--enable-modules=most \
--enable-mpms-shared=all \
--with-mpm=prefork
[root@clt httpd-2.4.37]# make && make install
編譯安裝過程略...
//安裝后配置
[root@cl ~]# echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/apache/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh
[root@cl ~]# source /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh
[root@cl ~]# ln -s /usr/local/apache/include/ /usr/include/httpd
[root@cl ~]# echo 'MANPATH /usr/local/apache/man' >> /etc/man.config
//取消ServerName前面的注釋
[root@cl ~]# sed -i '/#ServerName/s/#//g' /etc/httpd24/httpd.conf
//啟動apache
[root@cl ~]# apachectl start
[root@cl ~]# ss -antl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN 0 128 *:22 *:*
LISTEN 0 100 127.0.0.1:25 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 :::80 :::*
LISTEN 0 128 :::22 :::*
LISTEN 0 100 ::1:25 :::*
3.2 安裝mysql
//安裝依賴包
[root@cl ~]# yum -y install ncurses-devel openssl-devel openssl cmake mariadb-devel
Installing:
cmake x86_64 2.8.12.2-2.el7 myrepo 7.0 M
mariadb-devel x86_64 1:5.5.56-2.el7 myrepo 752 k
ncurses-devel x86_64 5.9-13.20130511.el7 myrepo 713 k
Installing for dependencies:
libarchive x86_64 3.1.2-10.el7_2 myrepo 319 k
Transaction Summary
================================================================================================
Install 3 Packages (+1 Dependent package)
Total download size: 8.8 M
.....
Installed:
cmake.x86_64 0:2.8.12.2-2.el7 mariadb-devel.x86_64 1:5.5.56-2.el7
ncurses-devel.x86_64 0:5.9-13.20130511.el7
Dependency Installed:
libarchive.x86_64 0:3.1.2-10.el7_2
Complete!
//創建用戶和組
[root@cl src]# groupadd -r -g 306 mysql
[root@cl src]# useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin -g 306 -u 306 mysql
//下載二進制格式的mysql軟件包
[root@cl ~]# cd /usr/src/
[root@cl src]# wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/file/mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
--2018-08-13 23:56:27-- https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/file/mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
Resolving downloads.mysql.com (downloads.mysql.com)... 137.254.60.14
Connecting to downloads.mysql.com (downloads.mysql.com)|137.254.60.14|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 302 Found
Location: https://cdn.mysql.com/archives/mysql-5.7/mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz [following]
......
Saving to: ‘mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz’
100%[=====================================>] 643,790,848 2.46MB/s in 4m 20s
2018-08-14 00:00:50 (2.36 MB/s) - ‘mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz’saved [643790848/643790848]
//解壓軟件至/usr/local/
[root@cl src]# ls
debug kernels mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@cl src]# tar xf mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/localcl
[root@cl ~]# ls /usr/local/
bin games lib libexec sbin src
etc include lib64 mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 share
[root@cl ~]# cd /usr/local/
[root@cl local]# ln -sv mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/ mysql
‘mysql’ -> ‘mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/’
[root@cl local]# ll
total 0
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Mar 10 2016 bin
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Mar 10 2016 etc
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Mar 10 2016 games
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Mar 10 2016 include
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Mar 10 2016 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Mar 10 2016 lib64
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Mar 10 2016 libexec
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 36 Aug 14 16:00 mysql -> mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/
drwxr-xr-x 9 root root 129 Aug 14 00:16 mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Mar 10 2016 sbin
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root 49 Jun 13 19:03 share
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Mar 10 2016 src
//修改目錄/usr/local/mysql的屬主屬組
[root@cl ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql
[root@cl ~]# ll /usr/local/mysql -d
lrwxrwxrwx 1 mysql mysql 36 Aug 14 16:00 /usr/local/mysql -> mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/
//添加環境變量
[root@cl ~]# ls /usr/local/mysql
bin COPYING docs include lib man README share support-files
[root@cl ~]# echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[root@cl ~]# . /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[root@cl ~]# echo $PATH
/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin
//建立數據存放目錄
[root@cl mysql]# mkdir /opt/data
[root@cl mysql]# chown -R mysql.mysql /opt/data/
[root@cl mysql]# ll /opt/
total 0
drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 6 Aug 14 16:54 data
//初始化數據庫
[root@cl ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --datadir=/opt/data/
2018-08-15T07:57:46.168380Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2018-08-15T07:57:50.542516Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2018-08-15T07:57:50.927286Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2018-08-15T07:57:51.071260Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: e8600890-a060-11e8-b1a2-000c294c50b4.
2018-08-15T07:57:51.074566Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2018-08-15T07:57:51.078089Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generatedfor root@cl:dasdas-?sdqt
//請注意，這個命令的最后會生成一個臨時密碼，此處密碼是dasdas-?sdqt
//配置mysql
[root@cl ~]# ln -sv /usr/local/mysql/include/ /usr/local/include/mysql
‘/usr/local/include/mysql’ -> ‘/usr/local/mysql/include/’
[root@cl ~]# echo '/usr/local/mysql/lib' > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf
[root@cl ~]# ldconfig -v
ldconfig: Can't stat /libx32: No such file or directory
ldconfig: Path `/usr/lib' given more than once
ldconfig: Path `/usr/lib64' given more than once
ldconfig: Can't stat /usr/libx32: No such file or directory
/usr/lib64/mysql:
libmysqlclient.so.18 -> libmysqlclient_r.so
/usr/local/mysql/lib:
libmysqlclient.so.20 -> libmysqlclient.so.20.3.9
......
/lib/sse2: (hwcap: 0x0000000004000000)
/lib64/sse2: (hwcap: 0x0000000004000000)
/lib64/tls: (hwcap: 0x8000000000000000)
[root@cl ~]# ldconfig -p |grep mysql
libmysqlclient.so.20 (libc6,x86-64) => /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.so.20
libmysqlclient.so.18 (libc6,x86-64) => /usr/lib64/mysql/libmysqlclient.so.18
libmysqlclient.so (libc6,x86-64) => /usr/lib64/mysql/libmysqlclient.so
libmysqlclient.so (libc6,x86-64) => /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.so
//生成配置文件
[root@localhost ~]# cat > /etc/my.cnf <<EOF
[mysqld]
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /opt/data
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
port = 3306
pid-file = /opt/data/mysql.pid
user = mysql
skip-name-resolve
EOF
//配置服務啟動腳本
[root@cl ~]# cp -a /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@cl ~]# sed -ri 's#^(basedir=).*#\1/usr/local/mysql#g' /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@cl ~]# sed -ri 's#^(datadir=).*#\1/opt/data#g' /etc/init.d/mysqld
//啟動mysql
[root@cl ~]# service mysqld start
Starting MySQL.. SUCCESS!
[root@cl ~]# ps -ef|grep mysql
root 1521 1 0 01:58 pts/0 00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/binmysqld_safe --datadir=/opt/data --pid-file=/opt/data/mysql.pid
mysql 1699 1521 0 01:58 pts/0 00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/opt/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=localhost.localdomain.err --pid-file=/opt/data/mysql.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock --port=3306
root 1734 1301 0 01:59 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto mysql
[root@cl ~]# ss -antl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN 0 128 *:22 *:*
LISTEN 0 100 127.0.0.1:25 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 :::22 :::*
LISTEN 0 100 ::1:25 :::*
LISTEN 0 80 :::3306 :::*
//修改密碼
//使用臨時密碼登錄
[root@cl ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.22
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
//設置新密碼
mysql> set password = password('cljhfy');
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
mysql> quit
Bye
3.3 安裝php
//配置yum源
[root@clf ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@clf yum.repos.d]# wget http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS7-Base-163.repo
[root@clf ~]# sed -i 's/\$releasever/7/g' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS7-Base-163.repo
[root@clf ~]# sed -i 's/^enabled=.*/enabled=1/g' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS7-Base-163.repo
[root@clf ~]# yum -y install epel-release
[root@clf ~]# rpm -Uvh https://mirror.webtatic.com/yum/el7/webtatic-release.rpm
安裝過程略。。。。
//安裝依賴包
[root@cl ~]# yum -y install libxml2 libxml2-devel openssl openssl-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel libcurl libcurl-devel libicu-devel libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel openldap-devel libpcre-devel freetype freetype-devel gmp gmp-devel libmcrypt libmcrypt-devel readline readline-devel libxslt libxslt-devel mhash mhash-devel php72w-mysqlnd
安裝過程略....
//下載php
[root@cl ~]# cd /usr/src/
[root@cl src]# wget http://cn.php.net/distributions/php-7.2.8.tar.xz
下載過程略....
//編譯安裝php
[root@cl src]# tar xf php-7.2.8.tar.xz
[root@cl src]# cd php-7.2.8
[root@cl php-7.2.8]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php7 \
--with-config-file-path=/etc \
--enable-fpm \
--enable-inline-optimization \
--disable-debug \
--disable-rpath \
--enable-shared \
--enable-soap \
--with-openssl \
--enable-bcmath \
--with-iconv \
--with-bz2 \
--enable-calendar \
--with-curl \
--enable-exif \
--enable-ftp \
--with-gd \
--with-jpeg-dir \
--with-png-dir \
--with-zlib-dir \
--with-freetype-dir \
--with-gettext \
--enable-json \
--enable-mbstring \
--enable-pdo \
--with-mysqli=mysqlnd \
--with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd \
--with-readline \
--enable-shmop \
--enable-simplexml \
--enable-sockets \
--enable-zip \
--enable-mysqlnd-compression-support \
--with-pear \
--enable-pcntl \
--enable-posix
[root@cl php-7.2.8]# make -j $(cat /proc/cpuinfo |grep processor|wc -l)
編譯過程略
[root@cl php-7.2.8]# make install
安裝過程略
//安裝后配置
[root@cl ~]# echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/php7/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/php7.sh
[root@cl ~]# source /etc/profile.d/php7.sh
[root@cl php-7.2.8]# which php
/usr/local/php7/bin/php
[root@cl php-7.2.8]# php -v
PHP 7.2.8 (cli) (built: Aug 16 2018 13:27:30) ( NTS )
Copyright (c) 1997-2018 The PHP Group
Zend Engine v3.2.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2018 Zend Technologies
//配置php-fpm
[root@cl php-7.2.8]# cp php.ini-production /etc/php.ini
[root@cl php-7.2.8]# cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm
[root@cl php-7.2.8]# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm
[root@cl php-7.2.8]# cp /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf
[root@cl php-7.2.8]# cp /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf.default /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
//編輯php-fpm的配置文件（/usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf）：
//配置fpm的相關選項為你所需要的值：
[root@cl ~]# vim /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf
.....
.....
pm.max_children = 50 //最多同時提供50個進程提供50個並發服務
pm.start_servers = 5 //啟動時啟動5個進程
pm.min_spare_servers = 2 //最小空閑進程數
pm.max_spare_servers = 8 //最大空閑進程數
[root@cl ~]# tail /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf
; file.
; Relative path can also be used. They will be prefixed by:
; - the global prefix if it's been set (-p argument)
; - /usr/local/php7 otherwise
include=/usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.d/*.conf
pm.max_children = 50
pm.start_servers = 5
pm.min_spare_servers = 2
pm.max_spare_servers = 8
//啟動php-fpm
[root@cl ~]# service php-fpm start
Starting php-fpm done
//默認情況下，fpm監聽在127.0.0.1的9000端口，也可以使用如下命令驗證其是否已經監聽在相應的套接字
[root@cl ~]# ss -antl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN 0 128 *:22 *:*
LISTEN 0 100 127.0.0.1:25 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 127.0.0.1:9000 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 :::80 :::*
LISTEN 0 128 :::22 :::*
LISTEN 0 100 ::1:25 :::*
LISTEN 0 80 :::3306 :::*
[root@cl ~]# ps -ef|grep php
root 81070 1 0 14:13 ? 00:00:00 php-fpm: master process (/usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf)
nobody 81071 81070 0 14:13 ? 00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
nobody 81072 81070 0 14:13 ? 00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
nobody 81073 81070 0 14:13 ? 00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
nobody 81074 81070 0 14:13 ? 00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
nobody 81075 81070 0 14:13 ? 00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
root 81079 83354 0 14:15 pts/1 00:00:00 grep --color=auto php
3.4 配置apache
3.4.1 啟用代理模塊
在apache httpd 2.4以后已經專門有一個模塊針對FastCGI的實現，此模塊為mod_proxy_fcgi.so，它其實是作為mod_proxy.so模塊的擴展，因此，這兩個模塊都要加載，編輯httpd.conf文件，取消以下兩行內容的注釋:
-
LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so
-
LoadModule proxy_fcgi_module modules/mod_proxy_fcgi.so
//啟用httpd的相關模塊
[root@cl ~]# sed -i '/proxy_module/s/#//g' /etc/httpd24/httpd.conf
[root@cl ~]# sed -i '/proxy_fcgi_module/s/#//g' /etc/httpd24/httpd.conf
3.4.2 配置虛擬主機
在需要使用fcgi的虛擬主機中添加類似如下兩行：
ProxyRequests Off //關閉正向代理
ProxyPassMatch ^/(.*\.php)$ fcgi://127.0.0.1:9000/PATH/TO/DOCUMENT_ROOT/$1
//創建虛擬主機目錄並生成php測試頁面
[root@cl ~]# mkdir /usr/local/apache/htdocs/cljhfy.com
[root@cl ~]# cat > /usr/local/apache/htdocs/cljhfy.com/index.php <<EOF
<?php
phpinfo();
?>
EOF
[root@cl ~]# chown -R apache.apache /usr/local/apache/htdocs/
[root@cl ~]# ll /usr/local/apache/htdocs/ -d
drwxr-xr-x 3 apache apache 44 Aug 16 14:50 /usr/local/apache/htdocs/
//在配置文件的最后加入以下內容
[root@cl ~]# vim /etc/httpd24/httpd.conf
<VirtualHost *:80>
DocumentRoot "/usr/local/apache/htdocs/cljhfy.com"
ServerName www.cljhfy.com
ProxyRequests Off
ProxyPassMatch ^/(.*\.php)$ fcgi://127.0.0.1:9000/usr/local/apache/htdocs/cljhfy.com/$1
<Directory "/usr/local/apache/htdocs/cljhfy.com">
Options none
AllowOverride none
Require all granted
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>
//搜索AddType，添加以下內容
# If the AddEncoding directives above are commented-out, then you
# probably should define those extensions to indicate media types:
#
AddType application/x-compress .Z
AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php //添加此行
AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps //添加此行
[root@localhost ~]# sed -i '/ DirectoryIndex/s/index.html/index.php index.html/g' /etc/httpd24/httpd.conf
//重啟apache服務
[root@cl ~]# apachectl stop
[root@cl ~]# ss -antl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN 0 128 *:22 *:*
LISTEN 0 100 127.0.0.1:25 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 127.0.0.1:9000 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 :::22 :::*
LISTEN 0 100 ::1:25 :::*
LISTEN 0 80 :::3306 :::*
[root@cl ~]# apachectl start
[root@cl ~]# ss -antl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN 0 128 *:22 *:*
LISTEN 0 100 127.0.0.1:25 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 127.0.0.1:9000 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 :::80 :::*
LISTEN 0 128 :::22 :::*
LISTEN 0 100 ::1:25 :::*
LISTEN 0 80 :::3306
3.5 驗證
