基本方法:
ofNullable()為可能 null 的值創建一個 Optional 實例, 然后可以對該實例遍歷/過濾, 判斷是否存在,或者為空時執行..ifPresent(...)如果值存在則執行里面的方法
應用場景:
1> 默認值
傳統方式
public static String getName(User u) {
if (u == null)
return "Unknown";
return u.name;
}
杜絕使用這種方式(不簡潔)
public static String getName(User u) {
Optional<User> user = Optional.ofNullable(u);
if (!user.isPresent())
return "Unknown";
return user.get().name;
}
正確方式(鏈式調用):
public static String getName(User u) {
return Optional.ofNullable(u)
.map(user->user.name)
.orElse("Unknown");
//.orElseGet(() -> "john");
}
2>多重非空條件判斷
傳統方式
public static String getChampionName(Competition comp) throws IllegalArgumentException {
if (comp != null) {
CompResult result = comp.getResult();
if (result != null) {
User champion = result.getChampion();
if (champion != null) {
return champion.getName();
}
}
}
throw new IllegalArgumentException("The value of param comp isn't available.");
}
鏈式調用(map 遍歷屬性)
public static String getChampionName(Competition comp) throws IllegalArgumentException {
return Optional.ofNullable(comp)
.map(c->c.getResult())
.map(r->r.getChampion())
.map(u->u.getName())
.orElseThrow(()->new IllegalArgumentException("The value of param comp isn't available."));
}
3> 不為空才操作(單邊判斷)
string.ifPresent(System.out::println);
4> 指定條件過濾
public boolean priceIsInRange2(Modem modem2) {
return Optional.ofNullable(modem2)
.map(Modem::getPrice)
.filter(p -> p >= 10)
.isPresent();
}
5. filter 與 findFirst 結合
Optional<String> found = Stream.of(getEmpty(), getHello(), getBye())
.filter(Optional::isPresent)
.map(Optional::get)
.findFirst();
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