iOS 之訪問權限以及跳轉到系統界面

iOS開發中有時候有這樣的需求：當用戶設置不允許訪問照片、麥克風和相機等系統權限的時候，這時需要直接跳轉到系統的隱私界面進行設置。

判斷是否開啟權限

前面已經說過，我們需要在用戶不允許訪問的時候跳轉，那么首先我們就要判斷一些是否已經開啟系統相機權限了。

照片權限檢測

需要：#import <AssetsLibrary/AssetsLibrary.h> //導入此類和AssetsLibrary.framework框架

代碼如下：

int author = [ALAssetsLibrary authorizationStatus];
            NSLog(@"author type:%d",author);
            if(author == ALAuthorizationStatusRestricted || author == ALAuthorizationStatusDenied) {
                // The user has explicitly denied permission for media capture.
                UIAlertView *alert = [[UIAlertView alloc] initWithTitle:@"無法使用相冊"
                                                                message:@"請在iPhone的\"設置-隱私-照片\"中允許訪問照片。"
                                                               delegate:self
                                                      cancelButtonTitle:@"確定"
                                                      otherButtonTitles:nil];
                [alert show];
                return;

 

ALAssetsLibrary類

ALAssetsLibrary類是代表系統中整個資源庫，使用它可以訪問資源庫中的資源和保存照片，視頻等功能。

  //判斷當前應用是否能訪問相冊資源
    /*
     typedef NS_ENUM(NSInteger, ALAuthorizationStatus) {
     ALAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined = 0, 用戶尚未做出了選擇這個應用程序的問候
     ALAuthorizationStatusRestricted,        此應用程序沒有被授權訪問的照片數據。可能是家長控制權限。
     ALAuthorizationStatusDenied,            用戶已經明確否認了這一照片數據的應用程序訪問.
     ALAuthorizationStatusAuthorized         用戶已授權應用訪問照片數據.
     }
     */

 

訪問攝像頭

需要：#import <AVFoundation/AVFoundation.h>

代碼如下：

if(isIOS7AndLater) {

NSString *mediaType = AVMediaTypeVideo;// Or AVMediaTypeAudio
        AVAuthorizationStatus authStatus = [AVCaptureDevice authorizationStatusForMediaType:mediaType];
        NSLog(@"---cui--authStatus--------%d",authStatus);
        // This status is normally not visible—the AVCaptureDevice class methods for discovering devices do not return devices the user is restricted from accessing.
        if(authStatus ==AVAuthorizationStatusRestricted){
            NSLog(@"Restricted");
        }else if(authStatus == AVAuthorizationStatusDenied){
            // The user has explicitly denied permission for media capture.
            NSLog(@"Denied");     //應該是這個，如果不允許的話
            UIAlertView *alert = [[UIAlertView alloc] initWithTitle:@"提示"
                                                            message:@"請在設備的\"設置-隱私-相機\"中允許訪問相機。"
                                                           delegate:self
                                                  cancelButtonTitle:@"確定"
                                                  otherButtonTitles:nil];
            [alert show];
            return;
        }
        else if(authStatus == AVAuthorizationStatusAuthorized){//允許訪問
            // The user has explicitly granted permission for media capture, or explicit user permission is not necessary for the media type in question.
            NSLog(@"Authorized");
            
        }else if(authStatus == AVAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined){
            // Explicit user permission is required for media capture, but the user has not yet granted or denied such permission.
            [AVCaptureDevice requestAccessForMediaType:mediaType completionHandler:^(BOOL granted) {
                if(granted){//點擊允許訪問時調用
                    //用戶明確許可與否，媒體需要捕獲，但用戶尚未授予或拒絕許可。
                    NSLog(@"Granted access to %@", mediaType);
                }
                else {
                    NSLog(@"Not granted access to %@", mediaType);
                }
                
            }];
        }else {
            NSLog(@"Unknown authorization status");
        }
}

 

麥克風權限檢測

代碼如下：

 //檢測麥克風功能是否打開
    [[AVAudioSessionsharedInstance]requestRecordPermission:^(BOOL granted) {
        if (!granted)
        {
            [ViewUtilalertViewWithString:NSLocalizedString(@"麥克風功能未開啟",nil)];
        }
        else
        {
            
            [selfrecord:sender];
        }
    }];

 

如何跳轉到系統設置界面

判斷權限是否設置之后就可以在相應的代理方法進行界面跳轉了，那么如何進行跳轉呢？

首先要在項目中的info.plist中添加 URL types 並設置一項URL Schemes為prefs，如下圖：

 

1.jpg

實現代碼如下：

[[UIApplication sharedApplication] openURL:[NSURL URLWithString:url]];//url為具體路徑

 

以下是跳轉到一些常用界面的代碼

隱私->照片界面

[[UIApplication sharedApplication] openURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"prefs:root=Privacy&path=PHOTOS"]];

 

隱私->相機界面

[[UIApplication sharedApplication] openURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"prefs:root=Privacy&path=CAMERA"]];

 

藍牙設置界面

[[UIApplication sharedApplication] openURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"prefs:root=Bluetooth"]];

 

其他界面參數配置

About — prefs:root=General&path=About

Accessibility — prefs:root=General&path=ACCESSIBILITY

Airplane Mode On — prefs:root=AIRPLANE_MODE

Auto-Lock — prefs:root=General&path=AUTOLOCK

Brightness — prefs:root=Brightness

Bluetooth — prefs:root=General&path=Bluetooth

Date & Time — prefs:root=General&path=DATE_AND_TIME

FaceTime — prefs:root=FACETIME

General — prefs:root=General

Keyboard — prefs:root=General&path=Keyboard

iCloud — prefs:root=CASTLE

iCloud Storage & Backup — prefs:root=CASTLE&path=STORAGE_AND_BACKUP

International — prefs:root=General&path=INTERNATIONAL

Location Services — prefs:root=LOCATION_SERVICES

Music — prefs:root=MUSIC

Music Equalizer — prefs:root=MUSIC&path=EQ

Music Volume Limit — prefs:root=MUSIC&path=VolumeLimit

Network — prefs:root=General&path=Network

Nike + iPod — prefs:root=NIKE_PLUS_IPOD

Notes — prefs:root=NOTES

Notification — prefs:root=NOTIFICATIONS_ID

Phone — prefs:root=Phone

Photos — prefs:root=Photos

Profile — prefs:root=General&path=ManagedConfigurationList

Reset — prefs:root=General&path=Reset

Safari — prefs:root=Safari

Siri — prefs:root=General&path=Assistant

Sounds — prefs:root=Sounds

Software Update — prefs:root=General&path=SOFTWARE_UPDATE_LINK

Store — prefs:root=STORE

Twitter — prefs:root=TWITTER

Usage — prefs:root=General&path=USAGE

VPN — prefs:root=General&path=Network/VPN

Wallpaper — prefs:root=Wallpaper

Wi-Fi — prefs:root=WIFI