我以前的博客(Java Scala獲取注解的類信息)介紹過通過Reflections工具通過使用特定注解的類的信息,其實本工具也可以獲取接口,抽象類,類等的所有子類信息。使用方法如下:
Reflections reflections = new Reflections("my.project"); Set<Class<? extends SomeType>> subTypes = reflections.getSubTypesOf(SomeType.class);
下面實例來說明如何使用的:
定義接口:
package test.reflection; /** * 類功能描述://TODO * * @author WangXueXing create at 19-5-4 下午10:16 * @version 1.0.0 */ public interface Base { void doSomeThing(); }
定義子類1:
package test.reflection; /** * 類功能描述://TODO * * @author WangXueXing create at 19-5-4 下午10:18 * @version 1.0.0 */ public class SubClass1 implements Base{ @Override public void doSomeThing() { System.out.println("SubClass1"); } }
定義子類2:
package test.reflection; /** * 類功能描述://TODO * * @author WangXueXing create at 19-5-4 下午10:18 * @version 1.0.0 */ public class SubClass2 implements Base{ @Override public void doSomeThing() { System.out.println("SubClass2"); } }
測試獲取所有Base的子類信息:
package test.reflection; import org.reflections.Reflections; import java.util.Set; /** * 類功能描述://TODO * * @author WangXueXing create at 19-5-4 下午10:19 * @version 1.0.0 */ public class Test { public static void main(String[] args){ Reflections reflections = new Reflections("test.reflection"); Set<Class<? extends Base>> subTypes = reflections.getSubTypesOf(Base.class); subTypes.forEach(x -> System.out.println(x)); } }
結果輸出如下:
class test.reflection.SubClass1
class test.reflection.SubClass2
如上如何獲取所有子類信息。
其實Reflections還有其他很有用的功能,如下了解下:
一. Reflections的其他用法
使用默認的scanners,瀏覽url包含my.package的路徑,包括以my.package開頭的
Reflections reflections = new Reflections("my.package");
使用ConfigurationBuilder
new Reflections(new ConfigurationBuilder() .setUrls(ClasspathHelper.forPackage("my.project.prefix")) .setScanners(new SubTypesScanner(), new TypeAnnotationsScanner().filterResultsBy(optionalFilter), ...), .filterInputsBy(new FilterBuilder().includePackage("my.project.prefix")) ...);
然后方便的使用查詢方法,這要根據具體scanners配置
SubTypesScanner
Set<Class<? extends Module>> modules =
reflections.getSubTypesOf(com.google.inject.Module.class);
TypeAnnotationsScanner
Set<Class<?>> singletons =
reflections.getTypesAnnotatedWith(javax.inject.Singleton.class);
ResourcesScanner
Set<String> properties =
reflections.getResources(Pattern.compile(".*\\.properties"));
MethodAnnotationsScanner
Set<Method> resources =
reflections.getMethodsAnnotatedWith(javax.ws.rs.Path.class);
Set<Constructor> injectables =
reflections.getConstructorsAnnotatedWith(javax.inject.Inject.class);
FieldAnnotationsScanner
Set<Field> ids =
reflections.getFieldsAnnotatedWith(javax.persistence.Id.class);
MethodParameterScanner
Set<Method> someMethods =
reflections.getMethodsMatchParams(long.class, int.class); Set<Method> voidMethods = reflections.getMethodsReturn(void.class); Set<Method> pathParamMethods = reflections.getMethodsWithAnyParamAnnotated(PathParam.class);
MethodParameterNamesScanner
List<String> parameterNames =
reflections.getMethodParamNames(Method.class)
MemberUsageScanner
Set<Member> usages =
reflections.getMethodUsages(Method.class)
如果沒有配置scanner,默認使用SubTypesScanner和TypeAnnotationsScanner
也可以配置Classloader,用來解析某些實時類
保證能夠解析到url
git上的例子:https://github.com/ronmamo/reflections/tree/master/src/test/java/org/reflections
三. ReflectionUtils
ReflectionsUtils包含了一些方便的方法,形式類似*getAllXXX(type, withYYY)
比如
import static org.reflections.ReflectionUtils.*; Set<Method> getters = getAllMethods(someClass, withModifier(Modifier.PUBLIC), withPrefix("get"), withParametersCount(0)); //or Set<Method> listMethodsFromCollectionToBoolean = getAllMethods(List.class, withParametersAssignableTo(Collection.class), withReturnType(boolean.class)); Set<Fields> fields = getAllFields(SomeClass.class, withAnnotation(annotation), withTypeAssignableTo(type));
四. ClasspathHelper
獲取包、class、classloader的方法
使用maven可以很方便的集成到項目中,可以把瀏覽的元數據存儲到xml/json文件中,下一次不必瀏覽,直接使用
在maven中,使用Reflections Maven plugin插件
其他用法
- 並行查找url
- 序列化查找為xml/json
- 直接利用存儲的元數據,快速load,不必再次scan
- 存儲模型實體為.java文件,可以通過靜態方式引用
types/fields/methods/annotation - 初始化srping的包瀏覽
五. 注解的例子
獲取包中,帶TaskOption注解的類,然后獲取注解的task()
Map<Class<? extends Task>, Class<?>> optionMap = new HashMap<>(); for (Class<?> clazz : reflections.getTypesAnnotatedWith(TaskOption.class)) { TaskOption taskOption = clazz.getAnnotation(TaskOption.class); if (taskOption == null) continue; // this shouldn't happen optionMap.put(taskOption.task(), clazz); }
