git配置ssh秘鑰（公鑰以及私鑰）linux

本文默認已經安裝git，並有github或者gitlab賬號

git在linux下安裝參考：https://www.cnblogs.com/lz0925/p/10791147.html

 

在Linux中配置ssh密鑰,在Git中使用SSH協議訪問Github，使用 SSH 協議, 您可以連接並驗證遠程服務器和服務。在每次訪問時連接到 GitHub 而不提供用戶名或密碼。

第一步：檢查是否存在SSH秘鑰

ls -al ~/.ssh

如果顯示  cannot access /root/.ssh: No such file or directory 表示目錄不存在，ssh不存在，如果存在也可以繼續執行第二步

第二步：生成ssh-key 密鑰對，包含：公鑰、私鑰

ssh-keygen -t rsa -C "[e-mail]"

第一次回車，然后會讓你輸入兩遍密碼，可以輸個自己容易記住的 也可以不輸入直接一路回車到底，出現下面的情況就成功了

The key's randomart image is:
+---[RSA 2048]----+
|.=oB+o.          |
|oo% ooo .        |
| =.* o+B.        |
|  + =.E+=        |
| . + + +S*       |
|  . . . * O      |
|     . + * .     |
|      o o        |
|       o         |
+----[SHA256]-----+

秘鑰路徑在剛剛輸入密碼后會告訴你，注意檢查命令行，一般路徑如下在用戶目錄下的.ssh目錄

Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.

第三步：添加ssh-key私鑰到  ssh-agent

1、首先確保ssh-agent正常工作

[root@ACA832F0 ~]# eval $(ssh-agent -s)
Agent pid 16843

2、直接將私鑰id_rsa添加到ssh代理中，跟windows不同的是不需要修改后綴為.ppk

[root@ACA832F0 ~]# ssh-add ~/.ssh/id_rsa
Enter passphrase for /root/.ssh/id_rsa: 
Identity added: /root/.ssh/id_rsa (/root/.ssh/id_rsa)

第四步：將公鑰id_rsa.pub添加到你的github或者gitlab等倉庫中,

　　打開公鑰文件復制全文

vim /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub

　　使用郵箱登錄倉庫，用戶setting -> SSH key 將公鑰粘貼進去，起個容易識別的名字 title

第五步：驗證

ssh -T git@172.168.50.41

出現類似下面的情況，OK

The authenticity of host '172.168.50.41 (172.168.50.41)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:28OQAVeipIe3M4oro+tTp+ExT5+z8+1PbE3ArCiTjYs.
ECDSA key fingerprint is MD5:0c:3d:e9:65:24:e9:aa:c1:09:cc:69:0e:f7:b6:07:b3.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '172.168.50.41' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
Welcome to GitLab, @lizh

第六步：使用，clone代碼

[root@ACA832F0 project]# git clone ssh://git@192.168.50.49:22/backs/www.facility.com.git
Cloning into 'facility.klagri.com.cn'...
remote: Enumerating objects: 2023, done.
remote: Counting objects: 100% (2023/2023), done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (1661/1661), done.
remote: Total 2023 (delta 322), reused 1967 (delta 278)
Receiving objects: 100% (2023/2023), 15.31 MiB | 33.01 MiB/s, done.
Resolving deltas: 100% (322/322), done.