linux下nginx日常操作

一、檢查配置文件語法

[root@node2 /]# nginx -tc /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful

二、重載配置

[root@node2 /]# nginx -s reload

三、加載連接狀態統計模塊

編輯nginx.conf文件，加入一個location,加載stub_status模塊

創建配置文件目錄，將默認配置文件復制到此目錄

[root@node2 /]# mkdir /etc/nginx
[root@node2 /]# cp /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf /etc/nginx

vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

在server里加入一個location

        location /stats{
           stub_status;
        }

保存、退出,檢查語法

[root@node2 sbin]# nginx -tc /etc/nginx/nginx.conf 
nginx: [emerg] open() "/etc/nginx/mime.types" failed (2: No such file or directory) in /etc/nginx/nginx.conf:18
nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test failed

報錯，將mime.types文件以及html目錄復制到/etc/nginx/下

cp /usr/local/nginx/conf/mime.types /etc/nginx
cp -r /usr/local/nginx/html/ /etc/nginx/

再檢查語法

[root@node2 nginx]# nginx -tc /etc/nginx/nginx.conf 
nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful

重載配置

[root@node2 nginx]# nginx -s reload

瀏覽器打開http://ip/stats

顯示以上信息：

Active connections: 1 

當前活動連接數:1

server accepts handled requests

 3 3 28

分別表示：握手次數、連接次數、請求次數

正常情況下，握手次數和連接次數是相等的，表明沒有丟失的連接

Reading: 0 Writing: 1 Waiting: 2 

 

Reading：表示當前狀態正在讀的連接個數、

Writing：表示當前狀態正在寫的連接個數

Waiting：表示當前狀態空閑的連接個數，當nginx開啟了長連接keepalive后，會出現空閑連接

在nginx.conf配置文件中有一個keepalive_timeout參數，用於設置長連接超時時間

keepalive_timeout  65;

四、加載請求限制模塊

 

vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

 

在server之前加上

limit_req_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=req_zone:1m rate=1r/s;

location里加上

        location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.html index.htm;
            limit_req zone=req_zone;
        }

保存，檢查語法並重載

[root@node2 nginx]# nginx -tc /etc/nginx/nginx.conf 
nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@node2 nginx]# nginx -s reload
[root@node2 nginx]# 

壓測

[root@node2 logs]# ab -n 10 -c 1 http://127.0.0.1/
This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 1430300 $>
Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/

Benchmarking 127.0.0.1 (be patient).....done


Server Software:        nginx/1.14.2
Server Hostname:        127.0.0.1
Server Port:            80

Document Path:          /
Document Length:        612 bytes

Concurrency Level:      1
Time taken for tests:   0.002 seconds
Complete requests:      10
Failed requests:        9
   (Connect: 0, Receive: 0, Length: 9, Exceptions: 0)
Write errors:           0
Non-2xx responses:      9
Total transferred:      7424 bytes
HTML transferred:       5445 bytes
Requests per second:    4854.37 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:       0.206 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:       0.206 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:          3519.42 [Kbytes/sec] received

顯示只有1次請求正常，其他9次被限制了

添加延遲響應參數

        location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.html index.htm;
            limit_req zone=req_zone burst=2;
        }

保存，重載，再次壓測

[root@node2 logs]# ab -n 10 -c 1 http://127.0.0.1/
This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 1430300 $>
Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/

Benchmarking 127.0.0.1 (be patient).....done


Server Software:        nginx/1.14.2
Server Hostname:        127.0.0.1
Server Port:            80

Document Path:          /
Document Length:        612 bytes

Concurrency Level:      1
Time taken for tests:   9.002 seconds
Complete requests:      10
Failed requests:        0
Write errors:           0
Total transferred:      8450 bytes
HTML transferred:       6120 bytes
Requests per second:    1.11 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:       900.161 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:       900.161 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:          0.92 [Kbytes/sec] received

結果顯示，請求全部成功，但是耗時變成了9秒，請求被延遲響應。