springboot整合shiro應用

1、Shiro是Apache下的一個開源項目，我們稱之為Apache Shiro。它是一個很易用與Java項目的的安全框架，提供了認證、授權、加密、會話管理，與spring Security 一樣都是做一個權限的安全框架，但是與Spring Security 相比，在於 Shiro 使用了比較簡單易懂易於使用的授權方式。shiro屬於輕量級框架，相對於security簡單的多，也沒有security那么復雜。所以我這里也是簡單介紹一下shiro的使用。

2、非常簡單；其基本功能點如下圖所示：

 

Authentication：身份認證/登錄，驗證用戶是不是擁有相應的身份；

Authorization：授權，即權限驗證，驗證某個已認證的用戶是否擁有某個權限；即判斷用戶是否能做事情，常見的如：驗證某個用戶是否擁有某個角色。或者細粒度的驗證某個用戶對某個資源是否具有某個權限；

Session Manager：會話管理，即用戶登錄后就是一次會話，在沒有退出之前，它的所有信息都在會話中；會話可以是普通JavaSE環境的，也可以是如Web環境的；

Cryptography：加密，保護數據的安全性，如密碼加密存儲到數據庫，而不是明文存儲；

Web Support：Web支持，可以非常容易的集成到Web環境；

Caching：緩存，比如用戶登錄后，其用戶信息、擁有的角色/權限不必每次去查，這樣可以提高效率；

Concurrency：shiro支持多線程應用的並發驗證，即如在一個線程中開啟另一個線程，能把權限自動傳播過去；

Testing：提供測試支持；

Run As：允許一個用戶假裝為另一個用戶（如果他們允許）的身份進行訪問；

Remember Me：記住我，這個是非常常見的功能，即一次登錄后，下次再來的話不用登錄了。

記住一點，Shiro不會去維護用戶、維護權限；這些需要我們自己去設計/提供；然后通過相應的接口注入給Shiro即可。

3、這里我就簡單介紹一下springboot和shiro整合與基本使用。

　　1）目錄結構

　　2）需要的基礎包：pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.troy</groupId>
    <artifactId>springshiro</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>1.5.6.RELEASE</version>
    </parent>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            <version>1.5.6.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
            <version>1.5.6.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-autoconfigure</artifactId>
            <version>1.5.6.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-Java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.9</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
            <artifactId>shiro-spring</artifactId>
            <version>1.3.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.4</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

　　3）基本配置application.yml　　

server:
  port: 8082
spring:
  datasource:
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/spring_shiro?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8
    username: root
    password: root
    type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
  jpa:
    show-sql: true
    hibernate:
      ddl-auto: update
  http:
    encoding:
      charset: utf-8
      enabled: true

　　4）這里我們基本需要3個實體，用戶，角色和權限

　　(1)角色：User.class

@Entity
public class User {

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
    private Long id;
    @Column(unique = true)
    private String name;
    private Integer password;
    @OneToMany(cascade = CascadeType.ALL,mappedBy = "user")
    private List<Role> roles;

    public Long getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public List<Role> getRoles() {
        return roles;
    }

    public void setRoles(List<Role> roles) {
        this.roles = roles;
    }

    public Integer getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(Integer password) {
        this.password = password;
    }
}

　　注：這里我只考慮一個用戶對多個角色，不考慮多對多的關系

　　(2)角色：Role.class

@Entity
public class Role {

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
    private Long id;
    private String roleName;
    @ManyToOne(fetch = FetchType.EAGER)
    private User user;
    @OneToMany(cascade = CascadeType.ALL,mappedBy = "role")
    private List<Permission> permissions;

    public Long getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getRoleName() {
        return roleName;
    }

    public void setRoleName(String roleName) {
        this.roleName = roleName;
    }

    public User getUser() {
        return user;
    }

    public void setUser(User user) {
        this.user = user;
    }

    public List<Permission> getPermissions() {
        return permissions;
    }

    public void setPermissions(List<Permission> permissions) {
        this.permissions = permissions;
    }
}

　　(3)權限：Permission.class

@Entity
public class Permission {

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
    private Long id;
    private String permission;
    @ManyToOne(fetch = FetchType.EAGER)
    private Role role;

    public Long getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getPermission() {
        return permission;
    }

    public void setPermission(String permission) {
        this.permission = permission;
    }

    public Role getRole() {
        return role;
    }

    public void setRole(Role role) {
        this.role = role;
    }
}

 　　5）然后就是配置對應的驗證，以及過濾條件

　　(1)驗證，以及權限的添加MyShiroRealm.class

//實現AuthorizingRealm接口用戶用戶認證
public class MyShiroRealm extends AuthorizingRealm{

    //用於用戶查詢
    @Autowired
    private ILoginService loginService;

    //角色權限和對應權限添加
    @Override
    protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principalCollection) {
        //獲取登錄用戶名
        String name= (String) principalCollection.getPrimaryPrincipal();
        //查詢用戶名稱
        User user = loginService.findByName(name);
        //添加角色和權限
        SimpleAuthorizationInfo simpleAuthorizationInfo = new SimpleAuthorizationInfo();
        for (Role role:user.getRoles()) {
            //添加角色
            simpleAuthorizationInfo.addRole(role.getRoleName());
            for (Permission permission:role.getPermissions()) {
                //添加權限
                simpleAuthorizationInfo.addStringPermission(permission.getPermission());
            }
        }
        return simpleAuthorizationInfo;
    }

    //用戶認證
    @Override
    protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken authenticationToken) throws AuthenticationException {
        //加這一步的目的是在Post請求的時候會先進認證，然后在到請求
        if (authenticationToken.getPrincipal() == null) {
            return null;
        }
        //獲取用戶信息
        String name = authenticationToken.getPrincipal().toString();
        User user = loginService.findByName(name);
        if (user == null) {
            //這里返回后會報出對應異常
            return null;
        } else {
            //這里驗證authenticationToken和simpleAuthenticationInfo的信息
            SimpleAuthenticationInfo simpleAuthenticationInfo = new SimpleAuthenticationInfo(name, user.getPassword().toString(), getName());
            return simpleAuthenticationInfo;
        }
    }
}

　　(2)過濾配置：ShiroConfiguration.class

@Configuration
public class ShiroConfiguration {

    //將自己的驗證方式加入容器
    @Bean
    public MyShiroRealm myShiroRealm() {
        MyShiroRealm myShiroRealm = new MyShiroRealm();
        return myShiroRealm;
    }

    //權限管理，配置主要是Realm的管理認證
    @Bean
    public SecurityManager securityManager() {
        DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager = new DefaultWebSecurityManager();
        securityManager.setRealm(myShiroRealm());
        return securityManager;
    }

    //Filter工廠，設置對應的過濾條件和跳轉條件
    @Bean
    public ShiroFilterFactoryBean shiroFilterFactoryBean(SecurityManager securityManager) {
        ShiroFilterFactoryBean shiroFilterFactoryBean = new ShiroFilterFactoryBean();
        shiroFilterFactoryBean.setSecurityManager(securityManager);
        Map<String,String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
        //登出
        map.put("/logout","logout");
        //對所有用戶認證
        map.put("/**","authc");
        //登錄
        shiroFilterFactoryBean.setLoginUrl("/login");
        //首頁
        shiroFilterFactoryBean.setSuccessUrl("/index");
        //錯誤頁面，認證不通過跳轉
        shiroFilterFactoryBean.setUnauthorizedUrl("/error");
        shiroFilterFactoryBean.setFilterChainDefinitionMap(map);
        return shiroFilterFactoryBean;
    }

    //加入注解的使用，不加入這個注解不生效
    @Bean
    public AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor(SecurityManager securityManager) {
        AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor = new AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor();
        authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor.setSecurityManager(securityManager);
        return authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor;
    }
}

　　6）接下來就是數據訪問層、業務層、以及控制層

　　(1)數據層：BaseRepository.class,UserRepository.class,RoleRepository.class

@NoRepositoryBean
public interface BaseRepository<T,I extends Serializable> extends PagingAndSortingRepository<T,I>,JpaSpecificationExecutor<T>{

}

public interface UserRepository extends BaseRepository<User,Long>{
    User findByName(String name);
}

public interface RoleRepository extends BaseRepository<Role,Long> {

}

　　(2)業務層：LoginServiceImpl.class

@Service
@Transactional
public class LoginServiceImpl implements ILoginService {

    @Autowired
    private UserRepository userRepository;
    @Autowired
    private RoleRepository roleRepository;

    //添加用戶
    @Override
    public User addUser(Map<String, Object> map) {
        User user = new User();
        user.setName(map.get("username").toString());
        user.setPassword(Integer.valueOf(map.get("password").toString()));
        userRepository.save(user);
        return user;
    }

    //添加角色
    @Override
    public Role addRole(Map<String, Object> map) {
        User user = userRepository.findOne(Long.valueOf(map.get("userId").toString()));
        Role role = new Role();
        role.setRoleName(map.get("roleName").toString());
        role.setUser(user);
        Permission permission1 = new Permission();
        permission1.setPermission("create");
        permission1.setRole(role);
        Permission permission2 = new Permission();
        permission2.setPermission("update");
        permission2.setRole(role);
        List<Permission> permissions = new ArrayList<Permission>();
        permissions.add(permission1);
        permissions.add(permission2);
        role.setPermissions(permissions);
        roleRepository.save(role);
        return role;
    }

    //查詢用戶通過用戶名
    @Override
    public User findByName(String name) {
        return userRepository.findByName(name);
    }
}

　　(3)控制層：LoginResource.class

@RestController
public class LoginResource {

    @Autowired
    private ILoginService loginService;

    //退出的時候是get請求，主要是用於退出
    @RequestMapping(value = "/login",method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String login(){
        return "login";
    }

    //post登錄
    @RequestMapping(value = "/login",method = RequestMethod.POST)
    public String login(@RequestBody Map map){
        //添加用戶認證信息
        Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
        UsernamePasswordToken usernamePasswordToken = new UsernamePasswordToken(
                map.get("username").toString(),
                map.get("password").toString());
        //進行驗證，這里可以捕獲異常，然后返回對應信息
        subject.login(usernamePasswordToken);
        return "login";
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/index")
    public String index(){
        return "index";
    }

    //登出
    @RequestMapping(value = "/logout")
    public String logout(){
        return "logout";
    }

    //錯誤頁面展示
    @RequestMapping(value = "/error",method = RequestMethod.POST)
    public String error(){
        return "error ok!";
    }

    //數據初始化
    @RequestMapping(value = "/addUser")
    public String addUser(@RequestBody Map<String,Object> map){
        User user = loginService.addUser(map);
        return "addUser is ok! \n" + user;
    }

    //角色初始化
    @RequestMapping(value = "/addRole")
    public String addRole(@RequestBody Map<String,Object> map){
        Role role = loginService.addRole(map);
        return "addRole is ok! \n" + role;
    }

    //注解的使用
    @RequiresRoles("admin")
    @RequiresPermissions("create")
    @RequestMapping(value = "/create")
    public String create(){
        return "Create success!";
    }
}

　　注：這里對於注解的使用，在最后一個很重要!

 7）shiro的使用基本上就是這樣子了，主要是權限的控制，其他的主要是做跳轉和切換使用

 8）最后配上數據庫信息：結合控制層觀看

user:

role:

permission: