shiro是一個輕量級的安全框架,包含用戶認證和用戶授權
分析shiro的核心API:
Subject:用戶主體(把操作交給SecurityManager)
SecurityManager:安全管理器(管理Reaml)
Reaml:shiro連接數據的橋梁
Shiro的配置類:
創建ShiroFilterFactoryBean;
創建DefaultWebSecurityManager;
創建Reaml(繼承AuthorizingReaml);
Shiro內置過濾器,可以實現權限相關的攔截器:
常用的過濾器:
anno:無需認證(登陸)可以訪問
authc:必須認證才能訪問
user:如果使用rememberMe的功能可以直接訪問
perms:該資源必須得到資源權限可以訪問
role:該資源必須得到角色權限才能訪問
在整合Shiro的時候,我們先要確定一下我們的步驟:
1.加入Shiro的依賴包,實現自己的Realm類(通過繼承AuthorizingRealm類);
2.實現Shiro的配置類
3.實現前端的登錄界面以及Controller類
第一步:
在pom.xml中加入依賴包
<dependency> <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId> <artifactId>shiro-spring</artifactId> <version>1.4.0</version> </dependency>
實現Realm類
package ariky.shiro.realm; import java.util.HashSet; import java.util.Set; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils; import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationException; import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationInfo; import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationToken; import org.apache.shiro.authc.IncorrectCredentialsException; import org.apache.shiro.authc.LockedAccountException; import org.apache.shiro.authc.SimpleAuthenticationInfo; import org.apache.shiro.authc.UsernamePasswordToken; import org.apache.shiro.authz.AuthorizationInfo; import org.apache.shiro.authz.SimpleAuthorizationInfo; import org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealm; import org.apache.shiro.subject.PrincipalCollection; import org.apache.shiro.util.ByteSource; import org.apache.shiro.web.subject.WebSubject; import org.slf4j.Logger; import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; /** * @ClassName: * @Description: Realm的配置 * @author fuweilian * @date 2018-5-12 上午11:36:41 */ public class MyShiroRealm extends AuthorizingRealm { //slf4j記錄日志,可以不使用 private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MyShiroRealm.class); /** * 設置授權信息 */ @Override protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principals) { logger.info("開始授權(doGetAuthorizationInfo)"); SimpleAuthorizationInfo authorizationInfo = new SimpleAuthorizationInfo(); HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) ((WebSubject) SecurityUtils .getSubject()).getServletRequest();//這個可以用來獲取在登錄的時候提交的其他額外的參數信息 String username = (String) principals.getPrimaryPrincipal();//這里是寫的demo,后面在實際項目中葯通過這個登錄的賬號去獲取用戶的角色和權限,這里直接是寫死的 //受理權限 //角色 Set<String> roles = new HashSet<String>(); roles.add("role1"); authorizationInfo.setRoles(roles); //權限 Set<String> permissions = new HashSet<String>(); permissions.add("user:list"); //permissions.add("user:add"); authorizationInfo.setStringPermissions(permissions); return authorizationInfo; } /** * 設置認證信息 */ @Override protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo( AuthenticationToken authenticationToken) throws AuthenticationException { logger.info("開始認證(doGetAuthenticationInfo)"); //UsernamePasswordToken token = (UsernamePasswordToken) authenticationToken; HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) ((WebSubject) SecurityUtils .getSubject()).getServletRequest(); UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken (request.getParameter("userName"),request.getParameter("password")); //獲取用戶輸入的賬號 String userName = (String)token.getPrincipal(); //通過userName去數據庫中匹配用戶信息,通過查詢用戶的情況做下面的處理 //這里暫時就直接寫死,根據登錄用戶賬號的情況做處理 logger.info("賬號:"+userName); if("passwordError".equals(userName)){//密碼錯誤 throw new IncorrectCredentialsException(); }else if("lockAccount".equals(userName)){// 用戶鎖定 throw new LockedAccountException(); }else{ SimpleAuthenticationInfo authenticationInfo = new SimpleAuthenticationInfo( userName, //用戶名 "123456", //密碼,寫死 ByteSource.Util.bytes(userName+"salt"),//salt=username+salt getName() //realm name ); return authenticationInfo; } } }
第二步 實現Shiro的配置類:
package ariky.shiro.configuration; import java.util.LinkedHashMap; import java.util.Map; import org.apache.shiro.mgt.SecurityManager; import org.apache.shiro.spring.security.interceptor.AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor; import org.apache.shiro.spring.web.ShiroFilterFactoryBean; import org.apache.shiro.web.mgt.DefaultWebSecurityManager; import org.slf4j.Logger; import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import ariky.shiro.realm.MyShiroRealm; /** * @ClassName: ShiroConfiguration * @Description: shiro的配置類 * @author fuweilian * @date 2018-5-12 上午11:05:09 */ @Configuration public class ShiroConfiguration { private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ShiroConfiguration.class); @Bean(name = "shiroFilter") public ShiroFilterFactoryBean shiroFilter(SecurityManager securityManager){ logger.info("進入shiroFilter......"); ShiroFilterFactoryBean shiroFilterFactoryBean = new ShiroFilterFactoryBean(); shiroFilterFactoryBean.setSecurityManager(securityManager); //設置不需要攔截的路徑 Map<String,String> filterChainDefinitionMap = new LinkedHashMap<String, String>(); //按順序依次判斷 filterChainDefinitionMap.put("/static/**", "anon"); //配置退出 過濾器,其中的具體的退出代碼Shiro已經替我們實現了 filterChainDefinitionMap.put("/logout", "logout"); //<!-- authc:所有url都必須認證通過才可以訪問; anon:所有url都都可以匿名訪問--> /************************************初始化所有的權限信息開始******************************************/ //這里,如果以后再項目中使用的話,直接從數據庫中查詢 filterChainDefinitionMap.put("/user/list", "authc,perms[user:list]"); //filterChainDefinitionMap.put("/user/add", "authc,perms[user:add]"); /***************************************初始化所有的權限信息開始結束*********************************************/ filterChainDefinitionMap.put("/**", "authc"); // 如果不設置默認會自動尋找Web工程根目錄下的"/login.jsp"頁面 shiroFilterFactoryBean.setLoginUrl("/login"); // 登錄成功后要跳轉的鏈接 shiroFilterFactoryBean.setSuccessUrl("/index"); //未授權界面 shiroFilterFactoryBean.setUnauthorizedUrl("/error/403"); shiroFilterFactoryBean.setFilterChainDefinitionMap(filterChainDefinitionMap); return shiroFilterFactoryBean; } @Bean public MyShiroRealm myShiroRealm(){ MyShiroRealm myShiroRealm = new MyShiroRealm(); //后面這里可以設置緩存的機制 return myShiroRealm; } @Bean public SecurityManager securityManager(){ DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager = new DefaultWebSecurityManager(); securityManager.setRealm(myShiroRealm()); return securityManager; } @Bean public AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor(SecurityManager securityManager) { AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor = new AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor(); authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor.setSecurityManager(securityManager); return authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor; } }
第三步:實現Controoler類,這里寫倆個類,一個是登錄信息的LoginController處理類,一個是測試權限用的UserController
1.LoginController.java
package ariky.controller; import java.util.Map; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils; import org.apache.shiro.authc.IncorrectCredentialsException; import org.apache.shiro.authc.LockedAccountException; import org.apache.shiro.authc.UnknownAccountException; import org.slf4j.Logger; import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod; /** * @ClassName: LoginController * @Description: 登錄控制的controller * @author fuweilian * @date 2018-5-12 下午01:15:46 */ @RequestMapping @Controller public class LoginController { private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(LoginController.class); @RequestMapping(value="/login",method=RequestMethod.GET) public String getLogin(){ logger.info("進入login頁面"); return "login"; } @RequestMapping(value="/login",method=RequestMethod.POST) public String doLogin(HttpServletRequest req,Map<String, Object> model){ logger.info("進入登錄處理"); String exceptionClassName = (String) req.getAttribute("shiroLoginFailure"); logger.info("exceptionClassName:"+exceptionClassName); String error = null; if (UnknownAccountException.class.getName().equals(exceptionClassName)) { error = "用戶名/密碼錯誤"; } else if (IncorrectCredentialsException.class.getName().equals(exceptionClassName)) { error = "用戶名/密碼錯誤"; }else if(LockedAccountException.class.getName().equals(exceptionClassName)){ error = "用戶已鎖定或已刪除"; }else if (exceptionClassName != null) { error = "其他錯誤:" + exceptionClassName; } if(SecurityUtils.getSubject().isAuthenticated()){//沒有錯誤,但是已經登錄了,就直接跳轉到welcom頁面 model.put("name", req.getParameter("userName")); return "index"; }else{//有錯誤的 model.put("error", error); return "login"; } } @RequestMapping("/index") public String index(){ return "index"; } }
2.UserController.java
package ariky.controller; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import org.apache.shiro.authz.annotation.RequiresPermissions; import org.slf4j.Logger; import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody; /** * @ClassName: UserController * @Description: 用戶處理Controller * @author fuweilian * @date 2018-5-12 下午03:11:06 */ @Controller @RequestMapping("/user") public class UserController { Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(UserController.class); @RequiresPermissions("user:list")//這個是配置是否有該權限的,如果是按上面的寫法,這個是有權限的 @RequestMapping(value="/list",method=RequestMethod.GET) public String getList(){ logger.info("進入用戶列表"); return "user/list"; } @RequiresPermissions(value={"user:add"})//這個是沒有權限的 @RequestMapping(value="/add",method=RequestMethod.GET) public String getAdd(){ logger.info("進入新增用戶界面"); return "user/add"; } }
前端界面:有5個界面 (login.jsp,index.jsp,list.jsp,add.jsp,403.jsp)
目錄結構為:
1.login.jsp
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <%@ taglib prefix="form" uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form"%> <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> <html> <head> <title>Login</title> </head> <body> <h1>登錄頁面----${error}</h1> <form:form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/login" method="post"> 用戶名:<input type="text" name="userName"> <br /> 密碼:<input type="passwordParam" name="password"/> <input type="submit" value="提交"/> </form:form> </body> </html>
2.index.jsp
<%@ page language="java" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <%@taglib prefix="shiro" uri="http://shiro.apache.org/tags" %> <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> <html> <head> <title>第一個例子</title> <script src="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/webjars/jquery/2.1.4/jquery.js"></script> <script src="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/webjarslocator/jquery/jquery.js"></script> </head> <body> <h1>${name}:你好,歡迎訪問該網頁</h1> <shiro:hasPermission name="user:list"><!-- 這個a標簽是可以看見的 --> <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/user/list" target="_blank">跳轉到用戶列表(有權限)</a> </shiro:hasPermission> <br/> <shiro:hasPermission name="user:add"><!-- 這個a標簽是看不見的 --> <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/user/add" target="_blank">跳轉到新增用戶列表(無權限)</a> </shiro:hasPermission> </body> </html>
3.list.jsp和add.jsp以及403.jsp都差不多一樣,這里就寫一個,這里只是demo所用,在實際項目中,要以實際項目為准
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="form" uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form"%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<title>userList</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>用戶列表信息</h1>
</body>
</html>
上面就是全部代碼了,如果啟動成功,進入login登錄界面就可以測試一下shiro的權限認證了。上面的代碼都是寫死的,如果想要實現動態的權限管理和用戶的權限管理的話,還要做一些其他處理,用戶的動態權限這個只要在自己的ShiroRealm類里面授權的時候做一下查詢數據庫,動態的授權和角色就行。關於動態的權限管理的話,下面的方式可以實現,在修改完權限數據后,更新一下shiro里面的配置就行,具體看下面的代碼,這里是demo,不是實際項目,在實際項目中最好不要把邏輯寫在Controller里面
package ariky.shiro.controller; import java.util.LinkedHashMap; import java.util.Map; import org.apache.shiro.spring.web.ShiroFilterFactoryBean; import org.apache.shiro.web.filter.mgt.DefaultFilterChainManager; import org.apache.shiro.web.filter.mgt.PathMatchingFilterChainResolver; import org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.AbstractShiroFilter; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody; /** * @ClassName: PermssionController * @Description: 權限操作的controller * @author fuweilian * @date 2018-5-12 下午04:59:15 */ @Controller @RequestMapping("permssion") public class PermssionController { @Autowired ShiroFilterFactoryBean shiroFilterFactoryBean; /** * @Title: updatePermssion * @author: fuweilian * @Description: 這里暫時直接寫在controller里面,,不按規則寫了,,到時候在項目中使用的時候,才寫 * @return 參數說明 * @return Object 返回類型 * @throws */ @RequestMapping("/updatePermssion") @ResponseBody public Object updatePermssion(){ synchronized (shiroFilterFactoryBean){ AbstractShiroFilter shiroFilter = null; try { shiroFilter = (AbstractShiroFilter) shiroFilterFactoryBean .getObject(); PathMatchingFilterChainResolver filterChainResolver = (PathMatchingFilterChainResolver) shiroFilter .getFilterChainResolver(); DefaultFilterChainManager manager = (DefaultFilterChainManager) filterChainResolver .getFilterChainManager(); // 清空老的權限控制 manager.getFilterChains().clear(); shiroFilterFactoryBean.getFilterChainDefinitionMap().clear(); //后面這個可以直接從數據庫里面獲取 Map<String,String> filterChainDefinitionMap = new LinkedHashMap<String, String>(); //按順序依次判斷 filterChainDefinitionMap.put("/static/**", "anon"); //配置退出 過濾器,其中的具體的退出代碼Shiro已經替我們實現了 filterChainDefinitionMap.put("/logout", "logout"); //<!-- authc:所有url都必須認證通過才可以訪問; anon:所有url都都可以匿名訪問--> /************************************初始化所有的權限信息開始******************************************/ //這里,如果以后再項目中使用的話,直接從數據庫中查詢 filterChainDefinitionMap.put("/user/list", "authc,perms[user:list]"); filterChainDefinitionMap.put("/user/add", "authc,perms[user:add]"); /***************************************初始化所有的權限信息開始結束*********************************************/ filterChainDefinitionMap.put("/**", "authc"); // shiroFilterFactoryBean.setLoginUrl("/login"); // 登錄成功后要跳轉的鏈接 shiroFilterFactoryBean.setSuccessUrl("/index"); //未授權界面 shiroFilterFactoryBean.setUnauthorizedUrl("/error/403"); shiroFilterFactoryBean .setFilterChainDefinitionMap(filterChainDefinitionMap); // 重新構建生成 Map<String, String> chains = shiroFilterFactoryBean .getFilterChainDefinitionMap(); for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : chains.entrySet()) { String url = entry.getKey(); String chainDefinition = entry.getValue().trim() .replace(" ", ""); manager.createChain(url, chainDefinition); } return "更新權限成功"; } catch (Exception e) { throw new RuntimeException( "更新shiro權限出現錯誤!"); } } } }
下面是mysql庫的表結構
/* Navicat MySQL Data Transfer Source Server : arikyDB Source Server Version : 50721 Source Host : 47.106.95.168:3306 Source Database : ariky Target Server Type : MYSQL Target Server Version : 50721 File Encoding : 65001 Date: 2018-05-14 16:05:51 */ SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0; -- ---------------------------- -- Table structure for common_permssion -- ---------------------------- DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `common_permssion`; CREATE TABLE `common_permssion` ( `ID` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '主鍵ID', `NAME` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '權限名稱', `TYPE` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '類型按鈕(button)或者菜單(menu) ', `PARENT_ID` int(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '上級ID', `PARENT_IDS` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '上級PIDs', `URL` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '訪問路徑', `ICONCLS` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '圖標(可以不要)', `PERMISSION` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '權限(如user:list)', `ORDER_NUM` int(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '排序', `REMARK` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '備注', PRIMARY KEY (`ID`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=41 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COMMENT='該表用來存儲資源權限信息'; -- ---------------------------- -- Table structure for common_role -- ---------------------------- DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `common_role`; CREATE TABLE `common_role` ( `ID` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '主鍵ID', `LABEL_ID` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '標簽Id', `NAME` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '角色名稱', `ROLE` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL, `DESCRIPTION` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL, `IS_SHOW` int(11) DEFAULT '1' COMMENT '判斷該角色是否在使用(1:使用,2:禁用)', `IS_HANDLER` int(2) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '判斷是什么角色(1:后台角色,2:商家管理員角色,3:商家添加用戶角色,4:游客角色)', PRIMARY KEY (`ID`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=15 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COMMENT='角色表'; -- ---------------------------- -- Table structure for common_role_permssion -- ---------------------------- DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `common_role_permssion`; CREATE TABLE `common_role_permssion` ( `ID` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '主鍵Id', `ROLE_ID` int(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '角色Id', `RESOURCE_ID` int(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '資源(權限)Id', PRIMARY KEY (`ID`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=493 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COMMENT='角色資源權限表中間表';