強調:eval()函數功能雖然強大,但是也很危險,這個方法需要慎重使用。
利用python中的內置函數 eval() ,函數說明:
def eval(*args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
"""
Evaluate the given source in the context of globals and locals.
The source may be a string representing a Python expression
or a code object as returned by compile().
The globals must be a dictionary and locals can be any mapping,
defaulting to the current globals and locals.
If only globals is given, locals defaults to it.
"""
pass
樣例1:
def function2(name, age):
print("name: %s, age: %s" % (name, age))
if __name__ == '__main__':
eval("function2")("Alice", 11)
# 或者:
args = ["Alice", 11]
kwargs = {}
eval("function2")(*args, **kwargs)
"""
輸出結果都是:
name: Alice, age: 11
"""
樣例2:
class Test(object):
states = [u"大於等於零", u"大於等於二"]
state2function = {u"大於等於零": "check_gt0", u"大於等於二": "check_gt2"}
@staticmethod
def check_gt0(x):
return x >= 0
@staticmethod
def check_gt2(x):
return x >= 2
def predict(self, x):
for state in Test.states:
check_ans = eval("Test." + Test.state2function[state])(x) # 調用Test類中的方法
print(state, Test.state2function[state], x, check_ans)
if __name__ == '__main__':
test = Test()
test.predict(x=-1)
test.predict(x=1)
test.predict(x=2)
"""
輸出:
大於等於零 check_gt0 -1 False
大於等於二 check_gt2 -1 False
大於等於零 check_gt0 1 True
大於等於二 check_gt2 1 False
大於等於零 check_gt0 2 True
大於等於二 check_gt2 2 True
"""
由字符串函數名得到對應的函數
把函數作為參數的用法比較直觀:
def func(a, b):
return a + b
def test(f, a, b):
print f(a, b)
test(func, 3, 5)
但有些情況下,‘要傳遞哪個函數’這個問題事先還不確定,例如函數名與某變量有關。可以利用 func = globals().get(func_name)來得到函數:
def func_year(s):
print 'func_year:', s
def func_month(s):
print 'func_month:', s
strs = ['year', 'month']
for s in strs:
globals().get('func_%s' % s)(s)
"""
輸出:
func_year: year
func_month: month
"""
將字符串變成變量名:
https://www.cnblogs.com/kaerxifa/p/11424796.html

