Python調用API接口的幾種方式

Python調用API接口的幾種方式

相信做過自動化運維的同學都用過API接口來完成某些動作。API是一套成熟系統所必需的接口，可以被其他系統或腳本來調用，這也是自動化運維的必修課。

本文主要介紹python中調用API的幾種方式，下面是python中會用到的庫。

- urllib2

- httplib2

- pycurl

- requests

urllib2

import urllib2, urllib

github_url = 'https://api.github.com/user/repos'

password_manager = urllib2.HTTPPasswordMgrWithDefaultRealm()

password_manager.add_password(None, github_url, 'user', '***')

auth = urllib2.HTTPBasicAuthHandler(password_manager) # create an authentication handler

opener = urllib2.build_opener(auth) # create an opener with the authentication handler

urllib2.install_opener(opener) # install the opener...

request = urllib2.Request(github_url, urllib.urlencode({'name':'Test repo', 'description': 'Some test repository'})) # Manual encoding required

handler = urllib2.urlopen(request)

print handler.read()

2. httplib2

import urllib, httplib2

github_url = '

h = httplib2.Http(".cache")

h.add_credentials("user", "******", "

data = urllib.urlencode({"name":"test"})

resp, content = h.request(github_url, "POST", data)

print content

3. pycurl

import pycurl, json

github_url = "

user_pwd = "user:*****"

data = json.dumps({"name": "test_repo", "description": "Some test repo"})

c = pycurl.Curl()

c.setopt(pycurl.URL, github_url)

c.setopt(pycurl.USERPWD, user_pwd)

c.setopt(pycurl.POST, 1)

c.setopt(pycurl.POSTFIELDS, data)

c.perform()

4. requests

import requests, json

github_url = "

data = json.dumps({'name':'test', 'description':'some test repo'})

r = requests.post(github_url, data, auth=('user', '*****'))

print r.json

以上幾種方式都可以調用API來執行動作，但requests這種方式代碼最簡潔，最清晰，建議采用。