一、最常用的方法（代碼中限制）
1、如何限制IP
function get_new_ip(){
if(getenv('HTTP_CLIENT_IP')) {
$onlineip = getenv('HTTP_CLIENT_IP');
} elseif(getenv('HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR')) {
$onlineip = getenv('HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR');
} elseif(getenv('REMOTE_ADDR')) {
$onlineip = getenv('REMOTE_ADDR');
} else {
$onlineip = $HTTP_SERVER_VARS['REMOTE_ADDR'];
}
return $onlineip;
}
$onlineip = get_new_ip();
$wip = ['127.0.0.1'];
if(!in_array($onlineip, $wip)){
header("HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found");
header("Status: 404 Not Found");
exit;
}
2、進行密碼驗證
///////////////// Password protect ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
define('ADMIN_USERNAME','test'); // Admin Username
define('ADMIN_PASSWORD','test'); // Admin Password
if (!isset($_SERVER['PHP_AUTH_USER']) || !isset($_SERVER['PHP_AUTH_PW']) ||
$_SERVER['PHP_AUTH_USER'] != ADMIN_USERNAME || $_SERVER['PHP_AUTH_PW'] != ADMIN_PASSWORD) {
Header("WWW-Authenticate: Basic realm=\"discuz Login\"");
Header("HTTP/1.0 401 Unauthorized");
echo <<<EOB
<html><body>
<h1>Rejected!</h1>
<big>Wrong Username or Password!</big>
</body></html>
EOB;
exit;
}
////////// END OF DEFAULT CONFIG AREA /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
二、NGINX中限制
1、IP限制
官方文檔：http://nginx.org/en/docs/http/ngx_http_access_module.html
location / {
deny 192.168.1.1;
allow 192.168.1.0/24;
allow 10.1.1.0/16;
allow 2001:0db8::/32;
deny all;
}
2、auth_basic 本機認證（nginx默認支持）
官方文檔：http://nginx.org/en/docs/http/ngx_http_auth_basic_module.html
安裝密碼工具
yum -y install httpd-tools
生成密碼
htpasswd -c pass.db
nginx中配置（需要維護 pass.db 文件）
auth_basic "User Authentication"; auth_basic_user_file conf/pass.db;
3、ngx_http_auth_request_module 第三方認證
官方文檔：http://nginx.org/en/docs/http/ngx_http_auth_request_module.html
需要安裝：--with-http_auth_request_module 模塊
#auth_basic "User Authentication";
#auth_basic_user_file conf/pass.db;
auth_request /auth;
location = /auth {
proxy_pass ...
proxy_pass_request_body off;
proxy_set_header Content-Length "";
proxy_set_header X-Original-URI $request_uri;
}
這里可以反代到，http://www.auth.com/api/HttpBasicAuthenticate.php，代碼如下：
///////////////// Password protect ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
define('ADMIN_USERNAME','test'); // Admin Username
define('ADMIN_PASSWORD','test'); // Admin Password
if (!isset($_SERVER['PHP_AUTH_USER']) || !isset($_SERVER['PHP_AUTH_PW']) ||
$_SERVER['PHP_AUTH_USER'] != ADMIN_USERNAME || $_SERVER['PHP_AUTH_PW'] != ADMIN_PASSWORD) {
Header("WWW-Authenticate: Basic realm=\"discuz Login\"");
Header("HTTP/1.0 401 Unauthorized");
echo <<<EOB
<html><body>
<h1>Rejected!</h1>
<big>Wrong Username or Password!</big>
</body></html>
EOB;
exit;
}
////////// END OF DEFAULT CONFIG AREA /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
4、 ngx_http_auth_jwt_module 第三方認證
官方文檔：http://nginx.org/en/docs/http/ngx_http_auth_jwt_module.html
location / {
auth_jwt "closed site";
auth_jwt_key_file conf/keys.json;
auth_jwt_claim_set $email info e-mail;
auth_jwt_claim_set $job info "job title";
}
加密算法更加復雜
原理同上
配置代碼：
location ~ /admin/.*php$ {
location = /admin.php {
allow 127.0.0.1;
deny all;
auth_basic "Authorized users only";
auth_basic_user_file authkey/auth.com.db;
fastcgi_pass common;
fastcgi_index index.php;
include fastcgi_params;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
}