Spring Boot Security 整合 JWT 實現無狀態的分布式API接口

本文轉載自查看原文 2019-04-01 09:10 2624 JWT/ Spring Boot/ Spring Security

簡介

JSON Web Token（縮寫 JWT）是目前最流行的跨域認證解決方案。JSON Web Token 入門教程 - 阮一峰，這篇文章可以幫你了解JWT的概念。本文重點講解Spring Boot 結合 jwt ，來實現前后端分離中，接口的安全調用。

快速上手

之前的文章已經對 Spring Security 進行了講解，這一節對涉及到 Spring Security 的配置不詳細講解。若不了解 Spring Security 先移步到 Spring Boot Security 詳解。

建表

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user`;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `role`;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user_role`;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `role_permission`;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `permission`;

CREATE TABLE `user` (
`id` bigint(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`username` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
`password` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`) 
);
CREATE TABLE `role` (
`id` bigint(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`name` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`) 
);
CREATE TABLE `user_role` (
`user_id` bigint(11) NOT NULL,
`role_id` bigint(11) NOT NULL
);
CREATE TABLE `role_permission` (
`role_id` bigint(11) NOT NULL,
`permission_id` bigint(11) NOT NULL
);
CREATE TABLE `permission` (
`id` bigint(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`url` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
`name` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
`description` varchar(255) NULL,
`pid` bigint(11) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`) 
);

INSERT INTO user (id, username, password) VALUES (1,'user','e10adc3949ba59abbe56e057f20f883e'); 
INSERT INTO user (id, username , password) VALUES (2,'admin','e10adc3949ba59abbe56e057f20f883e'); 
INSERT INTO role (id, name) VALUES (1,'USER');
INSERT INTO role (id, name) VALUES (2,'ADMIN');
INSERT INTO permission (id, url, name, pid) VALUES (1,'/user/hi','',0);
INSERT INTO permission (id, url, name, pid) VALUES (2,'/admin/hi','',0);
INSERT INTO user_role (user_id, role_id) VALUES (1, 1);
INSERT INTO user_role (user_id, role_id) VALUES (2, 1);
INSERT INTO user_role (user_id, role_id) VALUES (2, 2);
INSERT INTO role_permission (role_id, permission_id) VALUES (1, 1);
INSERT INTO role_permission (role_id, permission_id) VALUES (2, 1);
INSERT INTO role_permission (role_id, permission_id) VALUES (2, 2);

項目結構

resources
|___application.yml
java
|___com
| |____gf
| | |____SpringbootJwtApplication.java
| | |____config
| | | |____.DS_Store
| | | |____SecurityConfig.java
| | | |____MyFilterSecurityInterceptor.java
| | | |____MyInvocationSecurityMetadataSourceService.java
| | | |____MyAccessDecisionManager.java
| | |____entity
| | | |____User.java
| | | |____RolePermisson.java
| | | |____Role.java
| | |____mapper
| | | |____PermissionMapper.java
| | | |____UserMapper.java
| | | |____RoleMapper.java
| | |____utils
| | | |____JwtTokenUtil.java
| | |____controller
| | | |____AuthController.java
| | |____filter
| | | |____JwtTokenFilter.java
| | |____service
| | | |____impl
| | | | |____AuthServiceImpl.java
| | | | |____UserDetailsServiceImpl.java
| | | |____AuthService.java

關鍵代碼

pom.xml

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId>
    <artifactId>jjwt</artifactId>
    <version>0.9.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>mysql</groupId>
    <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
    <scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
    <version>2.0.0</version>
</dependency>

application.yml

spring:
  datasource:
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/spring-security-jwt?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=false
    username: root
    password: root

SecurityConfig

@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

    @Autowired
    private UserDetailsService userDetailsService;


    @Autowired
    public void configureGlobal(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {

        //校驗用戶
        auth.userDetailsService( userDetailsService ).passwordEncoder( new PasswordEncoder() {
            //對密碼進行加密
            @Override
            public String encode(CharSequence charSequence) {
                System.out.println(charSequence.toString());
                return DigestUtils.md5DigestAsHex(charSequence.toString().getBytes());
            }
            //對密碼進行判斷匹配
            @Override
            public boolean matches(CharSequence charSequence, String s) {
                String encode = DigestUtils.md5DigestAsHex(charSequence.toString().getBytes());
                boolean res = s.equals( encode );
                return res;
            }
        } );

    }

    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {

        http.csrf().disable()
                //因為使用JWT，所以不需要HttpSession
                .sessionManagement().sessionCreationPolicy( SessionCreationPolicy.STATELESS).and()
                .authorizeRequests()
                //OPTIONS請求全部放行
                .antMatchers( HttpMethod.OPTIONS, "/**").permitAll()
                //登錄接口放行
                .antMatchers("/auth/login").permitAll()
                //其他接口全部接受驗證
                .anyRequest().authenticated();

        //使用自定義的 Token過濾器 驗證請求的Token是否合法
        http.addFilterBefore(authenticationTokenFilterBean(), UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class);
        http.headers().cacheControl();
    }

    @Bean
    public JwtTokenFilter authenticationTokenFilterBean() throws Exception {
        return new JwtTokenFilter();
    }

    @Bean
    @Override
    public AuthenticationManager authenticationManagerBean() throws Exception {
        return super.authenticationManagerBean();
    }


}

JwtTokenUtil

/**
 * JWT 工具類
 */
@Component
public class JwtTokenUtil implements Serializable {

    private static final String CLAIM_KEY_USERNAME = "sub";

    /**
     * 5天(毫秒)
     */
    private static final long EXPIRATION_TIME = 432000000;
    /**
     * JWT密碼
     */
    private static final String SECRET = "secret";


    /**
     * 簽發JWT
     */
    public String generateToken(UserDetails userDetails) {
        Map<String, Object> claims = new HashMap<>(16);
        claims.put( CLAIM_KEY_USERNAME, userDetails.getUsername() );

        return Jwts.builder()
                .setClaims( claims )
                .setExpiration( new Date( Instant.now().toEpochMilli() + EXPIRATION_TIME  ) )
                .signWith( SignatureAlgorithm.HS512, SECRET )
                .compact();
    }

    /**
     * 驗證JWT
     */
    public Boolean validateToken(String token, UserDetails userDetails) {
        User user = (User) userDetails;
        String username = getUsernameFromToken( token );

        return (username.equals( user.getUsername() ) && !isTokenExpired( token ));
    }

    /**
     * 獲取token是否過期
     */
    public Boolean isTokenExpired(String token) {
        Date expiration = getExpirationDateFromToken( token );
        return expiration.before( new Date() );
    }

    /**
     * 根據token獲取username
     */
    public String getUsernameFromToken(String token) {
        String username = getClaimsFromToken( token ).getSubject();
        return username;
    }

    /**
     * 獲取token的過期時間
     */
    public Date getExpirationDateFromToken(String token) {
        Date expiration = getClaimsFromToken( token ).getExpiration();
        return expiration;
    }

    /**
     * 解析JWT
     */
    private Claims getClaimsFromToken(String token) {
        Claims claims = Jwts.parser()
                .setSigningKey( SECRET )
                .parseClaimsJws( token )
                .getBody();
        return claims;
    }



}

JwtTokenFilter

@Component
public class JwtTokenFilter extends OncePerRequestFilter {

    @Autowired
    private UserDetailsService userDetailsService;

    @Autowired
    private JwtTokenUtil jwtTokenUtil;

    /**
     * 存放Token的Header Key
     */
    public static final String HEADER_STRING = "Authorization";

    @Override
    protected void doFilterInternal(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws ServletException, IOException {
        String token = request.getHeader( HEADER_STRING );
        if (null != token) {
            String username = jwtTokenUtil.getUsernameFromToken(token);
            if (username != null && SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication() == null) {
                UserDetails userDetails = this.userDetailsService.loadUserByUsername(username);
                if (jwtTokenUtil.validateToken(token, userDetails)) {
                    UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken authentication = new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(
                            userDetails, null, userDetails.getAuthorities());
                    authentication.setDetails(new WebAuthenticationDetailsSource().buildDetails(
                            request));
                    SecurityContextHolder.getContext().setAuthentication(authentication);
                }
            }
        }
        chain.doFilter(request, response);
    }
    
}

AuthServiceImpl

@Service
public class AuthServiceImpl implements AuthService {

    @Autowired
    private AuthenticationManager authenticationManager;

    @Autowired
    private UserDetailsService userDetailsService;

    @Autowired
    private JwtTokenUtil jwtTokenUtil;


    @Override
    public String login(String username, String password) {
        UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken upToken = new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken( username, password );
        Authentication authentication = authenticationManager.authenticate(upToken);
        SecurityContextHolder.getContext().setAuthentication(authentication);
        UserDetails userDetails = userDetailsService.loadUserByUsername( username );
        String token = jwtTokenUtil.generateToken(userDetails);
        return token;
    }



}

關鍵代碼就是這些，其他類代碼參照后面提供的源碼地址。

驗證

登錄，獲取token

curl -X POST -d "username=admin&password=123456" http://127.0.0.1:8080/auth/login

eyJhbGciOiJIUzUxMiJ9.eyJzdWIiOiJhZG1pbiIsImV4cCI6MTU1NDQ1MzUwMX0.sglVeqnDGUL9pH1oP3Lh9XrdzJIS42VKBApd2nPJt7e1TKhCEY7AUfIXnzG9vc885_jTq4-h8R6YCtRRJzl8fQ

不帶token訪問資源

curl -X POST -d "name=zhangsan" http://127.0.0.1:8080/admin/hi

返回，拒絕訪問

{
    "timestamp": "2019-03-31T08:50:55.894+0000",
    "status": 403,
    "error": "Forbidden",
    "message": "Access Denied",
    "path": "/auth/login"
}

攜帶token訪問資源

curl -X POST -H "Authorization: eyJhbGciOiJIUzUxMiJ9.eyJzdWIiOiJhZG1pbiIsImV4cCI6MTU1NDQ1MzUwMX0.sglVeqnDGUL9pH1oP3Lh9XrdzJIS42VKBApd2nPJt7e1TKhCEY7AUfIXnzG9vc885_jTq4-h8R6YCtRRJzl8fQ" -d "name=zhangsan" http://127.0.0.1:8080/admin/hi

返回正確

hi zhangsan , you have 'admin' role

源碼

https://github.com/gf-huanchupk/SpringBootLearning/tree/master/springboot-jwt

Spring Boot Security 整合 JWT 實現無狀態的分布式API接口

簡介

快速上手

建表

項目結構

關鍵代碼

pom.xml

application.yml

SecurityConfig

JwtTokenUtil

JwtTokenFilter

AuthServiceImpl

驗證

源碼

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Spring Boot Security 整合 JWT 實現 無狀態的分布式API接口

簡介

快速上手

建表

項目結構

關鍵代碼

pom.xml

application.yml

SecurityConfig

JwtTokenUtil

JwtTokenFilter

AuthServiceImpl

驗證

源碼

推薦閱讀

Spring Boot 系列精選

SpringCloud 系列精選

Dubbo 系列精選

Docker 系列精選

免責聲明！

Spring Boot Security 整合 JWT 實現無狀態的分布式API接口