linux的錯誤碼error

在程序出錯時，我們通過全局變量錯誤號errno和perror函數能夠很快的定位到錯誤原因。
Linux錯誤代碼及其含義

C Name Value Description 含義
Success 0 Success 成功
EPERM 1 Operation not permitted 操作不允許
ENOENT 2 No such file or directory 沒有這樣的文件或目錄
ESRCH 3 No such process 沒有這樣的過程
EINTR 4 Interrupted system call 系統調用被中斷
EIO 5 I/O error I/O錯誤
ENXIO 6 No such device or address 沒有這樣的設備或地址
E2BIG 7 Arg list too long 參數列表太長
ENOEXEC 8 Exec format error 執行格式錯誤
EBADF 9 Bad file number 壞的文件描述符
ECHILD 10 No child processes 沒有子進程
EAGAIN 11 Try again 資源暫時不可用
ENOMEM 12 Out of memory 內存溢出
EACCES 13 Permission denied 拒絕許可
EFAULT 14 Bad address 錯誤的地址
ENOTBLK 15 Block device required 塊設備請求
EBUSY 16 Device or resource busy 設備或資源忙
EEXIST 17 File exists 文件存在
EXDEV 18 Cross-device link 無效的交叉鏈接
ENODEV 19 No such device 設備不存在
ENOTDIR 20 Not a directory 不是一個目錄
EISDIR 21 Is a directory 是一個目錄
EINVAL 22 Invalid argument 無效的參數
ENFILE* 23 File table overflow 打開太多的文件系統
EMFILE 24 Too many open files 打開的文件過多
ENOTTY 25 Not a tty device 不是tty設備
ETXTBSY 26 Text file busy 文本文件忙
EFBIG 27 File too large 文件太大
ENOSPC 28 No space left on device 設備上沒有空間
ESPIPE 29 Illegal seek 非法移位
EROFS 30 Read-only file system 只讀文件系統
EMLINK 31 Too many links 太多的鏈接
EPIPE 32 Broken pipe 管道破裂
EDOM 33 Math argument out of domain 數值結果超出范圍
ERANGE 34 Math result not representable 數值結果不具代表性
EDEADLK 35 Resource deadlock would occur 資源死鎖錯誤
ENAMETOOLONG 36 Filename too long 文件名太長
ENOLCK 37 No record locks available 沒有可用鎖
ENOSYS 38 Function not implemented 功能沒有實現
ENOTEMPTY 39 Directory not empty 目錄不空
ELOOP 40 Too many symbolic links encountered 符號鏈接層次太多
EWOULDBLOCK 41 Same as EAGAIN 和EAGAIN一樣
ENOMSG 42 No message of desired type 沒有期望類型的消息
EIDRM 43 Identifier removed 標識符刪除
ECHRNG 44 Channel number out of range 頻道數目超出范圍
EL2NSYNC 45 Level 2 not synchronized 2級不同步
EL3HLT 46 Level 3 halted 3級中斷
EL3RST 47 Level 3 reset 3級復位
ELNRNG 48 Link number out of range 鏈接數超出范圍
EUNATCH 49 Protocol driver not attached 協議驅動程序沒有連接
ENOCSI 50 No CSI structure available 沒有可用CSI結構
EL2HLT 51 Level 2 halted 2級中斷
EBADE 52 Invalid exchange 無效的交換
EBADR 53 Invalid request descriptor 請求描述符無效
EXFULL 54 Exchange full 交換全
ENOANO 55 No anode 沒有陽極
EBADRQC 56 Invalid request code 無效的請求代碼
EBADSLT 57 Invalid slot 無效的槽
EDEADLOCK 58 Same as EDEADLK 和EDEADLK一樣
EBFONT 59 Bad font file format 錯誤的字體文件格式
ENOSTR 60 Device not a stream 設備不是字符流
ENODATA 61 No data available 無可用數據
ETIME 62 Timer expired 計時器過期
ENOSR 63 Out of streams resources 流資源溢出
ENONET 64 Machine is not on the network 機器不上網
ENOPKG 65 Package not installed 沒有安裝軟件包
EREMOTE 66 Object is remote 對象是遠程的
ENOLINK 67 Link has been severed 聯系被切斷
EADV 68 Advertise error 廣告的錯誤
ESRMNT 69 Srmount error srmount錯誤
ECOMM 70 Communication error on send 發送時的通訊錯誤
EPROTO 71 Protocol error 協議錯誤
EMULTIHOP 72 Multihop attempted 多跳嘗試
EDOTDOT 73 RFS specific error RFS特定的錯誤
EBADMSG 74 Not a data message 非數據消息
EOVERFLOW 75 Value too large for defined data type 值太大,對於定義數據類型
ENOTUNIQ 76 Name not unique on network 名不是唯一的網絡
EBADFD 77 File descriptor in bad state 文件描述符在壞狀態
EREMCHG 78 Remote address changed 遠程地址改變了
ELIBACC 79 Cannot access a needed shared library 無法訪問必要的共享庫
ELIBBAD 80 Accessing a corrupted shared library 訪問損壞的共享庫
ELIBSCN 81 A .lib section in an .out is corrupted 庫段. out損壞
ELIBMAX 82 Linking in too many shared libraries 試圖鏈接太多的共享庫
ELIBEXEC 83 Cannot exec a shared library directly 不能直接執行一個共享庫
EILSEQ 84 Illegal byte sequence 無效的或不完整的多字節或寬字符
ERESTART 85 Interrupted system call should be restarted 應該重新啟動中斷的系統調用
ESTRPIPE 86 Streams pipe error 流管錯誤
EUSERS 87 Too many users 用戶太多
ENOTSOCK 88 Socket operation on non-socket 套接字操作在非套接字上
EDESTADDRREQ 89 Destination address required 需要目標地址
EMSGSIZE 90 Message too long 消息太長
EPROTOTYPE 91 Protocol wrong type for socket socket協議類型錯誤
ENOPROTOOPT 92 Protocol not available 協議不可用
EPROTONOSUPPORT 93 Protocol not supported 不支持的協議
ESOCKTNOSUPPORT 94 Socket type not supported 套接字類型不受支持
EOPNOTSUPP 95 Operation not supported on transport 不支持的操作
EPFNOSUPPORT 96 Protocol family not supported 不支持的協議族
EAFNOSUPPORT 97 Address family not supported by protocol 協議不支持的地址
EADDRINUSE 98 Address already in use 地址已在使用
EADDRNOTAVAIL 99 Cannot assign requested address 無法分配請求的地址
ENETDOWN 100 Network is down 網絡癱瘓
ENETUNREACH 101 Network is unreachable 網絡不可達
ENETRESET 102 Network dropped 網絡連接丟失
ECONNABORTED 103 Software caused connection 軟件導致連接中斷
ECONNRESET 104 Connection reset by 連接被重置
ENOBUFS 105 No buffer space available 沒有可用的緩沖空間
EISCONN 106 Transport endpoint 傳輸端點已經連接
ENOTCONN 107 Transport endpoint 傳輸終點沒有連接
ESHUTDOWN 108 Cannot send after transport 傳輸后無法發送
ETOOMANYREFS 109 Too many references 太多的參考
ETIMEDOUT 110 Connection timed 連接超時
ECONNREFUSED 111 Connection refused 拒絕連接
EHOSTDOWN 112 Host is down 主機已關閉
EHOSTUNREACH 113 No route to host 沒有主機的路由
EALREADY 114 Operation already 已運行
EINPROGRESS 115 Operation now in 正在運行
ESTALE 116 Stale NFS file handle 陳舊的NFS文件句柄
EUCLEAN 117 Structure needs cleaning 結構需要清洗
ENOTNAM 118 Not a XENIX-named 不是XENIX命名的
ENAVAIL 119 No XENIX semaphores 沒有XENIX信號量
EISNAM 120 Is a named type file 是一個命名的文件類型
EREMOTEIO 121 Remote I/O error 遠程輸入/輸出錯誤
EDQUOT 122 Quota exceeded 超出磁盤配額
ENOMEDIUM 123 No medium found 沒有磁盤被發現
EMEDIUMTYPE 124 Wrong medium type 錯誤的媒體類型
ECANCELED 125 Operation Canceled 取消操作
ENOKEY 126 Required key not available 所需鍵不可用
EKEYEXPIRED 127 Key has expired 關鍵已過期
EKEYREVOKED 128 Key has been revoked 關鍵被撤銷
EKEYREJECTED 129 Key was rejected by service 關鍵被拒絕服務
EOWNERDEAD 130 Owner died 所有者死亡
ENOTRECOVERABLE 131 State not recoverable 狀態不可恢復
ERFKILL 132 Operation not possible due to RF-kill 由於RF-kill而無法操作
暫時記錄這么多，133-255全是Unknown error

二、錯誤處理函數

許多不同的函數庫都在失敗時設置全局變量errno的值來指明失敗原因。值得注意的是函數報告出錯后必須立刻檢查errno變量，因為它有可能被下一個函數調用所覆蓋。
有兩個非常有用的函數可以用來報告出現的錯誤：

#include <string.>
char *strerror(int errnum);
該函數把錯誤代碼映射為一個字符串，對錯誤類型進行說明。

#include <stdio.h>
void perror(const char *s);
該函數也把errno變量中報告的錯誤應為到一個字符串，並把它輸出到標准錯誤輸出流。
---------------------

查看錯誤代碼errno是調試程序的一個重要方法。當linuc C api函數發生異常時,一般會將errno變量(需include errno.h)賦一個整數值,不同的值表示不同的含義,可以通過查看該值推測出錯的原因。在實際編程中用這一招解決了不少原本看來莫名其妙的問題。比較麻煩的是每次都要去linux源代碼里面查找錯誤代碼的含義，現在把它貼出來，以后需要查時就來這里看了。

 

 

1-34號錯誤號是在內核源碼的include/asm-generic/errno-base.h定義


35-132則是在include/asm-generic/errno.h中定義


剩下還有一些更大的錯誤號是留給內核級別的，如系統調用等，用戶程序一般是看不見的這些號的，Ubuntu9.10中/usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.31-21-generic/include/linux/errno.h

 

 

 

#ifndef _ASM_GENERIC_ERRNO_BASE_H

#define _ASM_GENERIC_ERRNO_BASE_H

 

#define    EPERM         1    /＊ Operation not permitted ＊/

#define    ENOENT         2    /＊ No such file or directory ＊/

#define    ESRCH         3    /＊ No such process ＊/

#define    EINTR         4    /＊ Interrupted system call ＊/

#define    EIO         5    /＊ I/O error ＊/

#define    ENXIO         6    /＊ No such device or address ＊/

#define    E2BIG         7    /＊ Argument list too long ＊/

#define    ENOEXEC         8    /＊ Exec format error ＊/

#define    EBADF         9    /＊ Bad file number ＊/

#define    ECHILD        10    /＊ No child processes ＊/

#define    EAGAIN        11    /＊ Try again ＊/

#define    ENOMEM        12    /＊ Out of memory ＊/

#define    EACCES        13    /＊ Permission denied ＊/

#define    EFAULT        14    /＊ Bad address ＊/

#define    ENOTBLK        15    /＊ Block device required ＊/

#define    EBUSY        16    /＊ Device or resource busy ＊/

#define    EEXIST        17    /＊ File exists ＊/

#define    EXDEV        18    /＊ Cross-device link ＊/

#define    ENODEV        19    /＊ No such device ＊/

#define    ENOTDIR        20    /＊ Not a directory ＊/

#define    EISDIR        21    /＊ Is a directory ＊/

#define    EINVAL        22    /＊ Invalid argument ＊/

#define    ENFILE        23    /＊ File table overflow ＊/

#define    EMFILE        24    /＊ Too many open files ＊/

#define    ENOTTY        25    /＊ Not a typewriter ＊/

#define    ETXTBSY        26    /＊ Text file busy ＊/

#define    EFBIG        27    /＊ File too large ＊/

#define    ENOSPC        28    /＊ No space left on device ＊/

#define    ESPIPE        29    /＊ Illegal seek ＊/

#define    EROFS        30    /＊ Read-only file system ＊/

#define    EMLINK        31    /＊ Too many links ＊/

#define    EPIPE        32    /＊ Broken pipe ＊/

#define    EDOM        33    /＊ Math argument out of domain of func ＊/

#define    ERANGE        34    /＊ Math result not representable ＊/

 

#endif

 

 

#include <asm-generic/errno-base.h>

 

#define    EDEADLK        35    /＊ Resource deadlock would occur ＊/

#define    ENAMETOOLONG    36    /＊ File name too long ＊/

#define    ENOLCK        37    /＊ No record locks available ＊/

#define    ENOSYS        38    /＊ Function not implemented ＊/

#define    ENOTEMPTY    39    /＊ Directory not empty ＊/

#define    ELOOP        40    /＊ Too many symbolic links encountered ＊/

#define    EWOULDBLOCK    EAGAIN    /＊ Operation would block ＊/

#define    ENOMSG        42    /＊ No message of desired type ＊/

#define    EIDRM        43    /＊ Identifier removed ＊/

#define    ECHRNG        44    /＊ Channel number out of range ＊/

#define    EL2NSYNC    45    /＊ Level 2 not synchronized ＊/

#define    EL3HLT        46    /＊ Level 3 halted ＊/

#define    EL3RST        47    /＊ Level 3 reset ＊/

#define    ELNRNG        48    /＊ Link number out of range ＊/

#define    EUNATCH        49    /＊ Protocol driver not attached ＊/

#define    ENOCSI        50    /＊ No CSI structure available ＊/

#define    EL2HLT        51    /＊ Level 2 halted ＊/

#define    EBADE        52    /＊ Invalid exchange ＊/

#define    EBADR        53    /＊ Invalid request descriptor ＊/

#define    EXFULL        54    /＊ Exchange full ＊/

#define    ENOANO        55    /＊ No anode ＊/

#define    EBADRQC        56    /＊ Invalid request code ＊/

#define    EBADSLT        57    /＊ Invalid slot ＊/

 

#define    EDEADLOCK    EDEADLK

 

#define    EBFONT        59    /＊ Bad font file format ＊/

#define    ENOSTR        60    /＊ Device not a stream ＊/

#define    ENODATA        61    /＊ No data available ＊/

#define    ETIME        62    /＊ Timer expired ＊/

#define    ENOSR        63    /＊ Out of streams resources ＊/

#define    ENONET        64    /＊ Machine is not on the network ＊/

#define    ENOPKG        65    /＊ Package not installed ＊/

#define    EREMOTE        66    /＊ Object is remote ＊/

#define    ENOLINK        67    /＊ Link has been severed ＊/

#define    EADV        68    /＊ Advertise error ＊/

#define    ESRMNT        69    /＊ Srmount error ＊/

#define    ECOMM        70    /＊ Communication error on send ＊/

#define    EPROTO        71    /＊ Protocol error ＊/

#define    EMULTIHOP    72    /＊ Multihop attempted ＊/

#define    EDOTDOT        73    /＊ RFS specific error ＊/

#define    EBADMSG        74    /＊ Not a data message ＊/

#define    EOVERFLOW    75    /＊ Value too large for defined data type ＊/

#define    ENOTUNIQ    76    /＊ Name not unique on network ＊/

#define    EBADFD        77    /＊ File descriptor in bad state ＊/

#define    EREMCHG        78    /＊ Remote address changed ＊/

#define    ELIBACC        79    /＊ Can not access a needed shared library ＊/

#define    ELIBBAD        80    /＊ Accessing a corrupted shared library ＊/

#define    ELIBSCN        81    /＊ .lib section in a.out corrupted ＊/

#define    ELIBMAX        82    /＊ Attempting to link in too many shared libraries ＊/

#define    ELIBEXEC    83    /＊ Cannot exec a shared library directly ＊/

#define    EILSEQ        84    /＊ Illegal byte sequence ＊/

#define    ERESTART    85    /＊ Interrupted system call should be restarted ＊/

#define    ESTRPIPE    86    /＊ Streams pipe error ＊/

#define    EUSERS        87    /＊ Too many users ＊/

#define    ENOTSOCK    88    /＊ Socket operation on non-socket ＊/

#define    EDESTADDRREQ    89    /＊ Destination address required ＊/

#define    EMSGSIZE    90    /＊ Message too long ＊/

#define    EPROTOTYPE    91    /＊ Protocol wrong type for socket ＊/

#define    ENOPROTOOPT    92    /＊ Protocol not available ＊/

#define    EPROTONOSUPPORT    93    /＊ Protocol not supported ＊/

#define    ESOCKTNOSUPPORT    94    /＊ Socket type not supported ＊/

#define    EOPNOTSUPP    95    /＊ Operation not supported on transport endpoint ＊/

#define    EPFNOSUPPORT    96    /＊ Protocol family not supported ＊/

#define    EAFNOSUPPORT    97    /＊ Address family not supported by protocol ＊/

#define    EADDRINUSE    98    /＊ Address already in use ＊/

#define    EADDRNOTAVAIL    99    /＊ Cannot assign requested address ＊/

#define    ENETDOWN    100    /＊ Network is down ＊/

#define    ENETUNREACH    101    /＊ Network is unreachable ＊/

#define    ENETRESET    102    /＊ Network dropped connection because of reset ＊/

#define    ECONNABORTED    103    /＊ Software caused connection abort ＊/

#define    ECONNRESET    104    /＊ Connection reset by peer ＊/

#define    ENOBUFS        105    /＊ No buffer space available ＊/

#define    EISCONN        106    /＊ Transport endpoint is already connected ＊/

#define    ENOTCONN    107    /＊ Transport endpoint is not connected ＊/

#define    ESHUTDOWN    108    /＊ Cannot send after transport endpoint shutdown ＊/

#define    ETOOMANYREFS    109    /＊ Too many references: cannot splice ＊/

#define    ETIMEDOUT    110    /＊ Connection timed out ＊/

#define    ECONNREFUSED    111    /＊ Connection refused ＊/

#define    EHOSTDOWN    112    /＊ Host is down ＊/

#define    EHOSTUNREACH    113    /＊ No route to host ＊/

#define    EALREADY    114    /＊ Operation already in progress ＊/

#define    EINPROGRESS    115    /＊ Operation now in progress ＊/

#define    ESTALE        116    /＊ Stale NFS file handle ＊/

#define    EUCLEAN        117    /＊ Structure needs cleaning ＊/

#define    ENOTNAM        118    /＊ Not a XENIX named type file ＊/

#define    ENAVAIL        119    /＊ No XENIX semaphores available ＊/

#define    EISNAM        120    /＊ Is a named type file ＊/

#define    EREMOTEIO    121    /＊ Remote I/O error ＊/

#define    EDQUOT        122    /＊ Quota exceeded ＊/

 

#define    ENOMEDIUM    123    /＊ No medium found ＊/

#define    EMEDIUMTYPE    124    /＊ Wrong medium type ＊/

#define    ECANCELED    125    /＊ Operation Canceled ＊/

#define    ENOKEY        126    /＊ Required key not available ＊/

#define    EKEYEXPIRED    127    /＊ Key has expired ＊/

#define    EKEYREVOKED    128    /＊ Key has been revoked ＊/

#define    EKEYREJECTED    129    /＊ Key was rejected by service ＊/

 

/＊ for robust mutexes ＊/

#define    EOWNERDEAD    130    /＊ Owner died ＊/

#define    ENOTRECOVERABLE    131    /＊ State not recoverable ＊/

 

#define ERFKILL        132    /＊ Operation not possible due to RF-kill ＊/

 

 

#ifdef __KERNEL__

 

/＊

 ＊ These should never be seen by user programs. To return one of ERESTART＊

 ＊ codes, signal_pending() MUST be set. Note that ptrace can observe these

 ＊ at syscall exit tracing, but they will never be left for the debugged user

 ＊ process to see.

 ＊/

#define ERESTARTSYS    512

#define ERESTARTNOINTR    513

#define ERESTARTNOHAND    514    /＊ restart if no handler.. ＊/

#define ENOIOCTLCMD    515    /＊ No ioctl command ＊/

#define ERESTART_RESTARTBLOCK 516 /＊ restart by calling sys_restart_syscall ＊/

 

/＊ Defined for the NFSv3 protocol ＊/

#define EBADHANDLE    521    /＊ Illegal NFS file handle ＊/

#define ENOTSYNC    522    /＊ Update synchronization mismatch ＊/

#define EBADCOOKIE    523    /＊ Cookie is stale ＊/

#define ENOTSUPP    524    /＊ Operation is not supported ＊/

#define ETOOSMALL    525    /＊ Buffer or request is too small ＊/

#define ESERVERFAULT    526    /＊ An untranslatable error occurred ＊/

#define EBADTYPE    527    /＊ Type not supported by server ＊/

#define EJUKEBOX    528    /＊ Request initiated, but will not complete before timeout ＊/

#define EIOCBQUEUED    529    /＊ iocb queued, will get completion event ＊/

#define EIOCBRETRY    530    /＊ iocb queued, will trigger a retry ＊/

 

#endif