#####################################################
##博客： http://dreamway.blog.51cto.com/
##weibo：http://weibo.com/zhaixiangpan
#####################################################-
# cat /etc/redhat-release
-
CentOS release 5.8 (Final)
-
# uname -r
-
2.6.18-308.el5
-
# uname -m
-
x86_64
-
# ls /usr/src
-
debug kernels redhat
-
# ls /usr/src/redhat/
-
BUILD RPMS SOURCES SPECS SRPMS
-
# mkdir -p /home/zxp/{BUILD,RPMS,SOURCES,SPECS,SRPMS}
RPMS: 制作好的二進制包的輸出位置。
SOURCES: 源碼的位置。
SPECS: spec文件存放的位置。
SRPMS: 制作好的源碼RPM包的輸出位置，該包安裝時仍需要先編譯。
-
# cat haproxy.spec
-
Summary: HA-Proxy is a TCP/HTTP reverse proxy for high availability environments #軟件摘要信息
-
Name: haproxy #軟件名稱
-
Version: 1.4.22 #軟件版本
-
Release: 20130106_hexun_as5 #軟件分支版本
-
License: GPL #軟件版權
-
Group: System Environment/Daemons #軟件所屬分類
-
URL: http://haproxy.1wt.eu/ #軟件主頁
-
Source0: http://haproxy.1wt.eu/download/1.4/src/%{name}-%{version}.tar.gz #源碼位置
-
BuildRoot: %{_tmppath}/%{name}-%{version}-root #安裝目錄
-
BuildRequires: pcre-devel #編譯依賴軟件包
-
Requires: /sbin/chkconfig, /sbin/service #安裝依賴軟件包
-
%description #軟件詳細的描述信息
-
HA-Proxy is a TCP/HTTP reverse proxy which is particularly suited for high
-
availability environments. Indeed, it can:
-
- route HTTP requests depending on statically assigned cookies
-
- spread the load among several servers while assuring server persistence
-
through the use of HTTP cookies
-
- switch to backup servers in the event a main one fails
-
- accept connections to special ports dedicated to service monitoring
-
- stop accepting connections without breaking existing ones
-
- add/modify/delete HTTP headers both ways
-
- block requests matching a particular pattern
-
It needs very little resource. Its event-driven architecture allows it to easily
-
handle thousands of simultaneous connections on hundreds of instances without
-
risking the system's stability.
-
# %prep定義了構建前要做的准備，通常是%setup定義如何解包
-
%prep
-
%setup -q
-
# We don't want any perl dependecies in this RPM:
-
%define __perl_requires /bin/true #定義不使用perl依賴關系
-
%build #編譯源碼命令，通常是./configure && make，根據具體包安裝方法而定
-
%{__make} ARCH=%{_target_cpu} TARGET=linux26
-
%install #安裝階段
-
[ "%{buildroot}" != "/" ] && %{__rm} -rf %{buildroot}
-
%{__install} -d %{buildroot}%{_sbindir}
-
%{__install} -d %{buildroot}%{_sysconfdir}/rc.d/init.d
-
%{__install} -d %{buildroot}%{_sysconfdir}/%{name}
-
%{__install} -d %{buildroot}%{_mandir}/man1/
-
%{__install} -s %{name} %{buildroot}%{_sbindir}/
-
%{__install} -c -m 644 examples/%{name}.cfg %{buildroot}%{_sysconfdir}/%{name}/
-
%{__install} -c -m 755 examples/%{name}.init %{buildroot}%{_sysconfdir}/rc.d/init.d/%{name}
-
%{__install} -c -m 755 doc/%{name}.1 %{buildroot}%{_mandir}/man1/
-
%clean #清理BUILD目錄階段
-
[ "%{buildroot}" != "/" ] && %{__rm} -rf %{buildroot}
-
%post #安裝后制定的腳本
-
/sbin/chkconfig --add %{name}
-
%preun #卸載前執行的腳本
-
if [ $1 = 0 ]; then
-
/sbin/service %{name} stop >/dev/null 2>&1 || :
-
/sbin/chkconfig --del %{name}
-
fi
-
%postun #卸載后執行的腳本
-
if [ "$1" -ge "1" ]; then
-
/sbin/service %{name} condrestart >/dev/null 2>&1 || :
-
fi
-
%files #文件列表，主要是設置安裝rpm包后的文件、目錄屬性
-
%defattr(-,root,root) #定義默認屬性
-
%doc CHANGELOG TODO examples/*.cfg doc/haproxy-en.txt doc/haproxy-fr.txt doc/architecture.txt doc/configuration.txt #指定軟件文檔
-
%doc %{_mandir}/man1/%{name}.1* #指定man幫助文檔
-
%attr(0755,root,root) %{_sbindir}/%{name} #單獨指定目錄屬性
-
%dir %{_sysconfdir}/%{name} #定義軟件安裝目錄
-
%attr(0644,root,root) %config(noreplace) %{_sysconfdir}/%{name}/%{name}.cfg #單獨指定文件屬性
-
%attr(0755,root,root) %config %{_sysconfdir}/rc.d/init.d/%{name} #單獨指定文件屬性
-
%changelog #軟件升級日志
-
* Tue Aug 14 2012 Willy Tarreau <w@1wt.eu>
-
- updated to 1.4.22
-
…………略………………
-
* Thu Oct 16 2003 Simon Matter <simon.matter@invoca.ch>
-
- initial build
-
# cd SRPMS/
-
# wget http://1wt.eu/tools/haproxy/src/devel/haproxy-1.2.3-1.src.rpm
-
# rpm -ivh haproxy-1.2.3-1.src.rpm
-
1:haproxy ########################################### [100%]
-
# ls /usr/src/redhat/{SOURCES,SPECS}
-
/usr/src/redhat/SOURCES:
-
haproxy-1.2.3.tar.gz
-
/usr/src/redhat/SPECS:
-
haproxy.spec
-
# cd /usr/src/redhat/SPECS
-
# cd /usr/src/redhat/SPECS
-
# cp haproxy.spec haproxy.spec_bak$(date +%F)
-
# ls
-
haproxy.spec haproxy.spec_bak2013-01-06
-
# tar zxf haproxy-1.4.22.tar.gz
-
# cd haproxy-1.4.22
-
# ll haproxy.spec
-
-rw-rw-r-- 1 root root 7442 Aug 14 15:09 haproxy.spec
-
#cd haproxy-1.4.22/examples/
-
# ls
-
haproxy.spec
-
# cp haproxy.spec /usr/src/redhat/SPECS/
-
# cp haproxy.spec haproxy.spec.$(date +%F)
-
# pwd /usr/src/redhat/SPECS
-
# vim haproxy.spec
-
[root@study02 SPECS]# diff haproxy.spec haproxy.spec.2013-01-07
-
4c4
-
< Release: 20130106_hexun_as5
-
---
-
> Release: 1
-
36c36
-
< %{__make} ARCH=%{_target_cpu} TARGET=linux26
-
---
-
> %{__make} USE_PCRE=1 DEBUG="" ARCH=%{_target_cpu} TARGET=linux26
-
# pwd
-
/usr/src/redhat/SOURCES
-
# wget http://haproxy.1wt.eu/download/1.4/src/haproxy-1.4.22.tar.gz
-
# ls haproxy-1.4.22.tar.gz
-
# yum install rpm-build -y
-
# yum -y install pcre-devel
-
# rpmbuild -v -ba SPECS/haproxy.spec
-
Executing(%prep): /bin/sh -e /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.44698
-
+ umask 022
-
+ cd /usr/src/redhat/BUILD
-
+ LANG=C
-
+ export LANG
-
+ unset DISPLAY
-
+ cd /usr/src/redhat/BUILD
-
+ rm -rf haproxy-1.4.22
-
+ /bin/gzip -dc /usr/src/redhat/SOURCES/haproxy-1.4.22.tar.gz
-
+ tar -xf -
-
+ STATUS=0
-
…………略………………
-
Wrote: /usr/src/redhat/SRPMS/haproxy-1.4.22-20130106_hexun_as5.src.rpm
-
Wrote: /usr/src/redhat/RPMS/x86_64/haproxy-1.4.22-20130106_hexun_as5.x86_64.rpm
-
Wrote: /usr/src/redhat/RPMS/x86_64/haproxy-debuginfo-1.4.22-20130106_hexun_as5.x86_64.rpm
-
Executing(%clean): /bin/sh -e /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.75459
-
+ umask 022
-
+ cd /usr/src/redhat/BUILD
-
+ cd haproxy-1.4.22
-
+ '[' /var/tmp/haproxy-1.4.22-root '!=' / ']'
-
+ /bin/rm -rf /var/tmp/haproxy-1.4.22-root
-
+ exit 0 #注意輸出status為0 即創建過程錯誤
-
# rpm -qpl /usr/src/redhat/RPMS/x86_64/haproxy-1.4.22-20130106_hexun_as5.x86_64.rpm
-
/etc/haproxy
-
/etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
-
/etc/rc.d/init.d/haproxy
-
/usr/sbin/haproxy
-
/usr/share/doc/haproxy-1.4.22
-
/usr/share/doc/haproxy-1.4.22/CHANGELOG
-
/usr/share/doc/haproxy-1.4.22/TODO
-
/usr/share/doc/haproxy-1.4.22/acl-content-sw.cfg
-
/usr/share/doc/haproxy-1.4.22/architecture.txt
-
/usr/share/doc/haproxy-1.4.22/auth.cfg
-
/usr/share/doc/haproxy-1.4.22/build.cfg
-
/usr/share/doc/haproxy-1.4.22/configuration.txt
-
/usr/share/doc/haproxy-1.4.22/content-sw-sample.cfg
-
/usr/share/doc/haproxy-1.4.22/cttproxy-src.cfg
-
/usr/share/doc/haproxy-1.4.22/examples.cfg
-
/usr/share/doc/haproxy-1.4.22/haproxy-en.txt
-
/usr/share/doc/haproxy-1.4.22/haproxy-fr.txt
-
/usr/share/doc/haproxy-1.4.22/haproxy.cfg
-
/usr/share/doc/haproxy-1.4.22/option-http_proxy.cfg
-
/usr/share/doc/haproxy-1.4.22/tarpit.cfg
-
/usr/share/doc/haproxy-1.4.22/test-section-kw.cfg
-
/usr/share/doc/haproxy-1.4.22/url-switching.cfg
-
/usr/share/man/man1/haproxy.1.gz
-
# rpm -qpi /usr/src/redhat/RPMS/x86_64/haproxy-1.4.22-20130106_hexun_as5.x86_64.rpm
-
Name : haproxy Relocations: (not relocatable)
-
Version : 1.4.22 Vendor: (none)
-
Release : 20130106_hexun_as5 Build Date: Mon 07 Jan 2013 09:36:21 AM CST
-
Install Date: (not installed) Build Host: study02
-
Group : System Environment/Daemons Source RPM: haproxy-1.4.22-20130106_hexun_as5.src.rpm
-
Size : 1275757 License: GPL
-
Signature : (none)
-
URL : http://haproxy.1wt.eu/
-
Summary : HA-Proxy is a TCP/HTTP reverse proxy for high availability environments
-
Description :
-
HA-Proxy is a TCP/HTTP reverse proxy which is particularly suited for high
-
availability environments. Indeed, it can:
-
- route HTTP requests depending on statically assigned cookies
-
- spread the load among several servers while assuring server persistence
-
through the use of HTTP cookies
-
- switch to backup servers in the event a main one fails
-
- accept connections to special ports dedicated to service monitoring
-
- stop accepting connections without breaking existing ones
-
- add/modify/delete HTTP headers both ways
-
- block requests matching a particular pattern
-
It needs very little resource. Its event-driven architecture allows it to easily
-
handle thousands of simultaneous connections on hundreds of instances without
-
risking the system's stability.
-
[root@study01 tools]# rpm -ivh haproxy-1.4.22-20130106_hexun_as5.x86_64.rpm
-
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
-
1:haproxy ########################################### [100%]
-
[root@study01 tools]# ls
-
haproxy-1.4.22-20130106_hexun_as5.x86_64.rpm
-
[root@study01 tools]# ls /etc/haproxy/ #安裝目錄及主配置文件
-
haproxy.cfg
-
[root@study01 tools]# ll /etc/rc.d/init.d/haproxy #服務啟動文件
-
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 2553 Jan 7 09:36 /etc/rc.d/init.d/haproxy
-
[root@study01 tools]# ll /etc/init.d/haproxy
-
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 2553 Jan 7 09:36 /etc/init.d/haproxy
-
[root@study01 tools]# rpm -qf /etc/init.d/haproxy #查看軟件所屬軟件包
-
haproxy-1.4.22-20130106_hexun_as5
至此定制RPM包已經制作完畢，接下來我們就可以把常用的應用軟件源碼包都制作為rpm包放入yum倉庫，以后部署軟件就很便捷了。
-
[root@hxinstall 5ASU8]# cd /opt/ftp/pub/os/Linux/Centos/x86_64/Centos5.8/
-
[root@hxinstall Centos5.8]# ls
-
dvd install
-
# cd RPMS.hexun/
-
# ls
-
haproxy-1.4.22-20130106_hexun_as5.x86_64.rpm
-
[root@hxinstall RPMS.hexun]# createrepo /opt/ftp/pub/os/Linux/Centos/x86_64/Centos5.8/RPMS.hexun
-
1/1 - haproxy-1.4.22-20130106_hexun_as5.x86_64.rpm
-
Saving Primary metadata
-
Saving file lists metadata
-
Saving other metadata
-
# yum-arch -l /opt/ftp/pub/os/Linux/Centos/x86_64/Centos5.8/RPMS.hexun
-
# ls
-
haproxy-1.4.22-20130106_hexun_as5.x86_64.rpm headers repodata
-
cat << EOF >> /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
-
[hexun]
-
name= hexun rpm
-
baseurl=http://10.0.251.154/pub/os/Linux/Centos/x86_64/Centos5.8/RPMS.hexun
-
gpgcheck=0
-
EOF
8.4.2 YUM安裝自定制HAProxy 軟件包
-
# yum clean all
-
# yum install haproxy -y
-
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
-
Determining fastest mirrors
-
……略…………
-
hexun | 951 B 00:00
-
hexun/primary | 1.2 kB 00:00
-
hexun 1/1
-
Setting up Install Process
-
Resolving Dependencies
-
--> Running transaction check
-
---> Package haproxy.x86_64 0:1.4.22-20130106_hexun_as5 set to be updated
-
………略………
-
Running Transaction
-
Installing : haproxy 1/1
-
Installed: #yum已經安裝成功
-
haproxy.x86_64 0:1.4.22-20130106_hexun_as5
-
# yum remove haproxy -y
-
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
-
Setting up Remove Process
-
Resolving Dependencies
-
--> Running transaction check
-
---> Package haproxy.x86_64 0:1.4.22-20130106_hexun_as5 set to be erased
-
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
-
Dependencies Resolved
-
===================================================================================
-
Package Arch Version Repository Size
-
===================================================================================
-
Removing:
-
haproxy x86_64 1.4.22-20130106_hexun_as5 installed 1.2 M
-
Transaction Summary
-
===================================================================================
-
Remove 1 Package(s)
-
Reinstall 0 Package(s)
-
Downgrade 0 Package(s)
-
Downloading Packages:
-
Running rpm_check_debug
-
Running Transaction Test
-
Finished Transaction Test
-
Transaction Test Succeeded
-
Running Transaction
-
Erasing : haproxy 1/1
-
Removed: #已經成功卸載
-
haproxy.x86_64 0:1.4.22-20130106_hexun_as5
-
Complete!
-
# rpmbuild -v -ba SPECS/haproxy.spec
-
error: File /usr/src/redhat/SOURCES/haproxy-1.4.22.tar.gz: No such file or directory
-
# cd /usr/src/redhat/SOURCES/
-
[root@study02 SOURCES]# wget http://haproxy.1wt.eu/download/1.4/src/haproxy-1.4.22.tar.gz
-
# rpmbuild -v -ba SPECS/haproxy.spec
-
error: Failed build dependencies:
-
pcre-devel is needed by haproxy-1.4.22-20130106_hexun_as5.x86_64
-
# yum -y install pcre-devel
-
Usage: rpmbuild [ <specfile> | <tarball> | <source package> ]
-
Usage: rpm [OPTION...]
常用的rpm參數組合：
-
（1）rpm -qx file_name, x={f,i,l,a,p...}, file_name可以是命令名、動態庫名稱、配置文件名等等。
-
使用此命令的前提：相應的rpm包已經安裝。
-
rpm -qf file：查詢文件file是哪個rpm包中的；rpm -qf `which your_cmd`, rpm -qf `locate file_name`
-
rpm -qi rpm_name：查看指定rpm包安裝的詳細信息；
-
rpm -ql installed_rpm_name：列出已經安裝的rpm包中包含了哪些文件及他們的安裝路徑。如rpm -ql iptraf
-
用以下選項與 -q 連用來指明要查詢哪些軟件包的信息。這些選項被稱之為“軟件包指定選項”：
-
-a 查詢所有已安裝的軟件包。
-
-f <file> 將查詢包含有文件 <file>的軟件包。
-
-p <packagefile> 查詢軟件包文件名為 <packagefile>的包。
-
有幾種方式來指定查詢軟件包時所顯示的信息。 以下選項可通過讀取rpm包頭部的辦法顯示rpm包的信息，這樣的選項被稱作“信息選擇選項”：
-
-i 顯示軟件包信息，如描述、發行號、大小、編譯日期、安裝日期、硬件平台、以及其它一些各類信息。
-
-l 列出軟件包中包含的文件。（列出已經安裝的rpm包中包含了哪些文件及他們的安裝路徑）
-
-s 顯示軟件包中所有文件的狀態。
-
-d 列出被標注為文檔的文件 (如，man 手冊、 info 信息、README，等等) 。
-
-c 列出被標注為配置文件的文件。這些文件是需要在安裝完畢后加以定制的，如 (sendmail.cf, passwd, inittab, 等) 。
-
如果要在執行上述選項的同時，顯示文件列表, 可以同時使用 -v 命令行選項，就能得出與 ls -l 格式類似的輸出。
-
（2）查看未安裝的rpm/src.rpm包中包含的文件列表
-
－ 在本地暫時只能使用（4）中提供的方法；
-
－ 通過rpmfind.net等網站進行查詢；
-
（3）rpm -ivh xxx.rpm：重新安裝；（和-Uvh相比，建議用-ivh）
-
rpm -ivh --relocate /=/tmp/test/ xxx.rpm
-
（4）rpm2cpio xxx.rpm/xxx.src.rpm：將rpm解壓為cpio歸檔；
-
rpm2cpio xxx.rpm/xxx.src.rpm | cpio -idmv (rpm2cpio xxx.rpm | cpio --extract --make-directories)
-
參數-i(或--extract)表示提取文件； v表示指示執行進程；-d(或--make-directory)表示根據包中文件原來的路徑建立目錄；m表示保持文件的更新時間。