環境
虛擬機：VMware 10
Linux版本：CentOS-6.5-x86_64
客戶端：Xshell4
FTP：Xftp4
jdk8
elasticsearch-2.2.0
一、Rest簡介
Representational State Transfer
一種軟件架構風格，而不是標准，只是提供了一組設計原則和約束條件。它主要用於客戶端和服務器交互類的軟件。基於這個風格設計的軟件可以更簡潔，更有層次，更易於實現緩存等機制。
REST的操作分為以下幾種
GET：獲取對象的當前狀態；
PUT：改變對象的狀態；
POST：創建對象；
DELETE：刪除對象；
HEAD：獲取頭信息。
ES內置的REST接口
二、curl-rest命令
curl屬於linux命令，可以在命令行下訪問url的一個工具，利用URL語法在命令行方式下工作的開源文件傳輸工具，使用curl可以簡單實現常見的get/post請求
curl
-X 指定http請求的方法
HEAD GET POST PUT DELETE
-d 指定要傳輸的數據
1、創建索引庫：wjy
[cluster@PCS101 bin]$ curl -XPUT http://196.168.123.101:9200/wjy/ {"acknowledged":true} [cluster@PCS101 bin]$
2、創建類型(表):employee，插入一行記錄，即文檔document
#POST不指定ID 會自動生成ID;指定ID，會根據ID，如果存在該ID會更新，不存在就創建
[cluster@PCS101 bin]$ curl -XPOST http://196.168.123.101:9200/wjy/employee -d ' > { > "first_name" : "bin", > "age" : 33, > "about" : "I love to go rock climbing", > "interests": [ "sports", "music" ] > }' {"_index":"wjy","_type":"employee","_id":"AWlv8cAl4hD4em0kzO4U","_version":1,"_shards":{"total":2,"successful":2,"failed":0},"created":true} 索引庫 類型 編號 版本 分片 是否創建成功
#PUT方式 后面必須指定ID編碼，如果重復添加相同編碼數據 會失敗
[cluster@PCS101 bin]$ curl -XPUT http://196.168.123.101:9200/wjy/employee/1 -d ' > { > "first_name" : "god bin", > "last_name" : "pang", > "age" : 42, > "about" : "I love to go rock climbing", > "interests": [ "sports", "music" ] > }' {"_index":"wjy","_type":"employee","_id":"1","_version":1,"_shards":{"total":2,"successful":2,"failed":0},"created":true}
3、增加field:sex
[cluster@PCS101 bin]$ curl -XPOST http://196.168.123.101:9200/wjy/employee -d ' > { > "first_name" : "pablo2", > "age" : 33, > "about" : "I love to go rock climbing", > "interests": [ "sports", "music" ], > "sex": "man" > }' {"_index":"wjy","_type":"employee","_id":"AWlv-tng4hD4em0kzO4W","_version":1,"_shards":{"total":2,"successful":2,"failed":0},"created":true}
4、獲取數據 GET
(1)根據document的id來獲取數據：pretty參數就是用json格式化的方式展示
[cluster@PCS101 bin]$ curl -XGET http://196.168.123.101:9200/wjy/employee/1?pretty { "_index" : "wjy", "_type" : "employee", "_id" : "1", "_version" : 1, "found" : true, "_source" : { "first_name" : "god bin", "last_name" : "pang", "age" : 42, "about" : "I love to go rock climbing", "interests" : [ "sports", "music" ] } }
對比：
[cluster@PCS101 bin]$ curl -XGET http://196.168.123.101:9200/wjy/employee/1 {"_index":"wjy","_type":"employee","_id":"1","_version":1,"found":true,"_source": { "first_name" : "god bin", "last_name" : "pang", "age" : 42, "about" : "I love to go rock climbing", "interests": [ "sports", "music" ] }}
(2)根據field來查詢數據：_search根據索引查找
[cluster@PCS101 bin]$ curl -XGET http://196.168.123.101:9200/wjy/employee/_search?q=first_name="bin" {"took":18,"timed_out":false,"_shards":{"total":5,"successful":5,"failed":0},"hits":{"total":3,"max_score":0.014065012,"hits":[{"_index":"wjy","_type":"employee","_id":"AWlv8cAl4hD4em0kzO4U","_score":0.014065012,"_source": { "first_name" : "bin", "age" : 33, "about" : "I love to go rock climbing", "interests": [ "sports", "music" ] }},{"_index":"wjy","_type":"employee","_id":"AWlv91mF4hD4em0kzO4V","_score":0.01125201,"_source": { "first_name" : "gob bin", "age" : 43, "about" : "I love to go rock climbing", "interests": [ "sports", "music" ] }},{"_index":"wjy","_type":"employee","_id":"1","_score":0.01125201,"_source": { "first_name" : "god bin", "last_name" : "pang", "age" : 42, "about" : "I love to go rock climbing", "interests": [ "sports", "music" ] }}]}}
(3)根據field來查詢數據,參數封裝起來傳進去：match 匹配
[cluster@PCS101 bin]$ curl -XGET http://196.168.123.101:9200/wjy/employee/_search?pretty -d ' > { > "query": > {"match": > {"first_name":"bin"} > } > }' { "took" : 10, "timed_out" : false, "_shards" : { "total" : 5, "successful" : 5, "failed" : 0 }, "hits" : { "total" : 3, "max_score" : 0.30685282, "hits" : [ { "_index" : "wjy", "_type" : "employee", "_id" : "AWlv8cAl4hD4em0kzO4U", "_score" : 0.30685282, "_source" : { "first_name" : "bin", "age" : 33, "about" : "I love to go rock climbing", "interests" : [ "sports", "music" ] } }, { "_index" : "wjy", "_type" : "employee", "_id" : "AWlv91mF4hD4em0kzO4V", "_score" : 0.19178301, "_source" : { "first_name" : "gob bin", "age" : 43, "about" : "I love to go rock climbing", "interests" : [ "sports", "music" ] } }, { "_index" : "wjy", "_type" : "employee", "_id" : "1", "_score" : 0.19178301, "_source" : { "first_name" : "god bin", "last_name" : "pang", "age" : 42, "about" : "I love to go rock climbing", "interests" : [ "sports", "music" ] } } ] } }
#對多個field發起查詢：multi_match
[cluster@PCS101 bin]$ curl -XGET http://196.168.123.101:9200/wjy/employee/_search?pretty -d ' > { > "query": > {"multi_match": > { > "query":"bin", > "fields":["last_name","first_name"], > "operator":"and" > } > } > }' { "took" : 11, "timed_out" : false, "_shards" : { "total" : 5, "successful" : 5, "failed" : 0 }, "hits" : { "total" : 3, "max_score" : 0.09415865, "hits" : [ { "_index" : "wjy", "_type" : "employee", "_id" : "AWlv8cAl4hD4em0kzO4U", "_score" : 0.09415865, "_source" : { "first_name" : "bin", "age" : 33, "about" : "I love to go rock climbing", "interests" : [ "sports", "music" ] } }, { "_index" : "wjy", "_type" : "employee", "_id" : "AWlv91mF4hD4em0kzO4V", "_score" : 0.058849156, "_source" : { "first_name" : "gob bin", "age" : 43, "about" : "I love to go rock climbing", "interests" : [ "sports", "music" ] } }, { "_index" : "wjy", "_type" : "employee", "_id" : "1", "_score" : 0.058849156, "_source" : { "first_name" : "god bin", "last_name" : "pang", "age" : 42, "about" : "I love to go rock climbing", "interests" : [ "sports", "music" ] } } ] } }
(4)多個term對多個field發起查詢:bool（boolean）,組合查詢，must，must_not,should
#must + must : 交集
[cluster@PCS101 bin]$ curl -XGET http://196.168.123.101:9200/wjy/employee/_search?pretty -d ' > { > "query": > {"bool" : > { > "must" : > {"match": > {"first_name":"bin"} > }, > "must" : > {"match": > {"age":33} > } > } > } > }' { "took" : 5, "timed_out" : false, "_shards" : { "total" : 5, "successful" : 5, "failed" : 0 }, "hits" : { "total" : 1, "max_score" : 0.4339554, "hits" : [ { "_index" : "wjy", "_type" : "employee", "_id" : "AWlv8cAl4hD4em0kzO4U", "_score" : 0.4339554, "_source" : { "first_name" : "bin", "age" : 33, "about" : "I love to go rock climbing", "interests" : [ "sports", "music" ] } } ] } }
#must +must_not ：差集
[cluster@PCS101 bin]$ curl -XGET http://196.168.123.101:9200/wjy/employee/_search?pretty -d ' > { > "query": > {"bool" : > { > "must" : > {"match": > {"first_name":"bin"} > }, > "must_not" : > {"match": > {"age":33} > } > } > } > }' { "took" : 7, "timed_out" : false, "_shards" : { "total" : 5, "successful" : 5, "failed" : 0 }, "hits" : { "total" : 2, "max_score" : 0.19178301, "hits" : [ { "_index" : "wjy", "_type" : "employee", "_id" : "AWlv91mF4hD4em0kzO4V", "_score" : 0.19178301, "_source" : { "first_name" : "gob bin", "age" : 43, "about" : "I love to go rock climbing", "interests" : [ "sports", "music" ] } }, { "_index" : "wjy", "_type" : "employee", "_id" : "1", "_score" : 0.19178301, "_source" : { "first_name" : "god bin", "last_name" : "pang", "age" : 42, "about" : "I love to go rock climbing", "interests" : [ "sports", "music" ] } } ] } }
#must+must_not 查詢first_name=bin的，或者年齡在20歲到33歲之間的
[cluster@PCS101 bin]$ curl -XGET http://196.168.123.101:9200/wjy/employee/_search?pretty -d ' > { > "query": > {"bool" : > { > "must" : > {"term" : > { "first_name" : "bin" } > } > , > "must_not" : > {"range": > {"age" : { "from" : 20, "to" : 33 } > } > } > } > } > }' { "took" : 6, "timed_out" : false, "_shards" : { "total" : 5, "successful" : 5, "failed" : 0 }, "hits" : { "total" : 2, "max_score" : 0.19178301, "hits" : [ { "_index" : "wjy", "_type" : "employee", "_id" : "AWlv91mF4hD4em0kzO4V", "_score" : 0.19178301, "_source" : { "first_name" : "gob bin", "age" : 43, "about" : "I love to go rock climbing", "interests" : [ "sports", "music" ] } }, { "_index" : "wjy", "_type" : "employee", "_id" : "1", "_score" : 0.19178301, "_source" : { "first_name" : "god bin", "last_name" : "pang", "age" : 42, "about" : "I love to go rock climbing", "interests" : [ "sports", "music" ] } } ] } }
#must_not+must_not : 並集
[cluster@PCS101 bin]$ curl -XGET http://196.168.123.101:9200/wjy/employee/_search?pretty -d ' > { > "query": > {"bool" : > { > "must_not" : > {"match": > {"first_name":"bin"} > }, > "must_not" : > {"match": > {"age":33} > } > } > } > }' { "took" : 5, "timed_out" : false, "_shards" : { "total" : 5, "successful" : 5, "failed" : 0 }, "hits" : { "total" : 0, "max_score" : null, "hits" : [ ] } }
(5)刪除
curl -XDELETE http://196.168.123.101:9200/test2/
(6)設置
#設置備份數 curl -XPUT 'http://196.168.123.101:9200/test2/' -d'{"settings":{"number_of_replicas":2}}' #設置分片數 備份數 curl -XPUT 'http://196.168.123.101:9200/test3/' -d'{"settings":{"number_of_shards":3,"number_of_replicas":3}}'