前言
通過上一章的學習,我們已經對SpringBoot有簡單的入門,接下來我們深入學習一下SpringBoot,我們知道任何一個網站的數據大多數都是動態的,也就是說數據是從數據庫提取出來的,而非靜態數據,那么我們接下來就是要連接數據庫,現在我們經常使用的數據庫的種類可以大致分為兩種,關系型數據庫和非關系型數據庫,而MySQL數據庫,Oracle數據庫SQL Server數據庫等都是關系型數據庫,而Redis,Mongodb等都是非關系型數據庫。
本章目標
-
使用SpringBoot和MyBatis通過注解的方式操作數據庫
-
使用SpringBoot和MyBatis通過XML配置文件的方式操作數據庫
項目搭建
1.打開idea,選擇Create New Project
2.選擇Spring Initializer,然后點擊Next
3.填寫組織,坐標等信息,然后點擊Next
4.選擇依賴Web,然后勾選Web,之后一直Next下去,直到項目構建完成
5.項目結構搭好之后,我們新建一些目錄分為控制層,服務層,數據訪問層,實體層,完整結構如下
6.由於我們要使用MyBatis操作數據庫,所以需要添加一些依賴,完整的pom.xml文件如下
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>2.1.3.RELEASE</version> <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --> </parent> <groupId>com.demo02</groupId> <artifactId>demo_02</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <name>demo_02</name> <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description> <properties> <java.version>1.8</java.version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <!--mybatis-spring適配器--> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>1.1.1</version> </dependency> <!--mysql驅動包--> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>5.1.30</version> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
7.接下來我們需要新建數據庫以及生成實體,數據的建立我就不重復多說了,說一下使用idea快速生成實體(Product),數據庫的sql腳本如下
#創建商品信息表
create table product ( pid int primary key not null auto_increment COMMENT"商品編號", pname varchar(50) COMMENT"商品名稱", pprice DECIMAL(10,2) COMMENT"商品價格", ptime varchar(50) COMMENT"入庫時間", pcount int COMMENT"庫存", pstatus int COMMENT"商品狀態" #0 代表下架,1代表上架 )COMMENT"商品信息表" insert into product(pname,pprice,ptime,pcount,pstatus)VALUES ("蘋果",11,"2019-10-1",11,1) SELECT * from product
8.Database表示要連接的數據庫名稱,User表示用戶名稱,Password表示密碼,然后點擊Ok,然后選擇你要生成實體的目錄,生成完成之后基本結構就搭建好了
9.Product實體代碼如下
package com.ssm.entity;
/*
* 商品實體類
* */
public class Product { private long pid;//編號 private String pname;//名稱 private double pprice;//價格 private String ptime;//入庫時間 private long pcount;//數量 private long pstatus;//狀態 //無參構造方法 public Product() {} //帶參構造方法 public Product(long pid, String pname, double pprice, String ptime, long pcount, long pstatus) { this.pid = pid; this.pname = pname; this.pprice = pprice; this.ptime = ptime; this.pcount = pcount; this.pstatus = pstatus; } public long getPid() { return pid; } public void setPid(long pid) { this.pid = pid; } public String getPname() { return pname; } public void setPname(String pname) { this.pname = pname; } public double getPprice() { return pprice; } public void setPprice(double pprice) { this.pprice = pprice; } public String getPtime() { return ptime; } public void setPtime(String ptime) { this.ptime = ptime; } public long getPcount() { return pcount; } public void setPcount(long pcount) { this.pcount = pcount; } public long getPstatus() { return pstatus; } public void setPstatus(long pstatus) { this.pstatus = pstatus; } @Override public String toString() { return "Product{" + "pid=" + pid + ", pname='" + pname + '\'' + ", pprice=" + pprice + ", ptime='" + ptime + '\'' + ", pcount=" + pcount + ", pstatus=" + pstatus + '}'; } }
SpringBoot整合MyBatis基於注解
1.接下來,我們就需要配置一下連接數據庫的配置文件,在application.xml中進行配置,applicaion.xml文件如下
#連接數據庫的驅動
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
#連接數據庫的url
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssm?characterEncoding=utf-8
#用戶名
spring.datasource.username=root
#密碼
spring.datasource.password=123456
2.現在我們就可以操作數據庫了,編寫ProductDao,ProductService,ProductImple,ProductController以及配置SpringBoot主程序,由於我們新建的包不是和SpringBoot主程序同級目錄,所以無法掃描到。項目啟動時,只有@SpringBootApplication 所在的包下面才能被掃描到,啟動類是MainApplication.java, 也就是MainApplication.java類所在的這個包,而其他的controller和service以及mapper在其他的包里,所以並沒有被掃描。所以我們需要配置一下
3.ProductDao文件如下
package com.ssm.dao;
import com.ssm.entity.Product; import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Select; import java.util.List; public interface ProductDao { @Select("select * from product") List<Product> findAllProduct(); }
4.ProductService文件如下
package com.ssm.service;
import com.ssm.entity.Product; import java.util.List; public interface ProductService { List<Product> findAllProduct(); }
5.ProductImple文件如下
package com.ssm.service.imple;
import com.ssm.dao.ProductDao; import com.ssm.entity.Product; import com.ssm.service.ProductService; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import java.util.List; @Service public class ProductImple implements ProductService { @Autowired private ProductDao productDao; @Override public List<Product> findAllProduct() { return productDao.findAllProduct(); } }
6.ProductController文件如下
package com.ssm.controller;
import com.ssm.entity.Product; import com.ssm.service.ProductService; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; import java.util.List; @RestController public class ProductController { @Autowired private ProductService productService; //查詢全部的商品信息 @GetMapping("/product") public List<Product> findAllProduct(){ return productService.findAllProduct(); } }
7.SpringBoot主程序文件如下
package com.demo02.demo_02;
import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan; @SpringBootApplication @ComponentScan(basePackages = {"com.ssm.controller","com.ssm.service"}) @MapperScan(basePackages = {"com.ssm.dao"}) public class Demo02Application { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(Demo02Application.class, args); } }
8.點擊運行,在地址欄輸入localhost:8080/product,出現如下結果
SpringBoot整合MyBatis基於XML配置文件
1.現在我們通過第二種方式操作數據庫,我們先將application.xml中的配置文件全部注釋,然后新建applicaion.yml,為什么要使用這種格式呢?因為這種方式方便簡潔,官方也推薦我們使用這種類型,這是一些的相關格式。
server:
port: 8801
eureka:
client:
registerWithEureka: false
fetchRegistry: false
serviceUrl:
defaultZone: http://localhost:8801/eureka/
2.applicaion.yml配置如下
spring:
datasource:
driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssm?characterEncoding=utf-8
username: root
password: 123456
mybatis:
typeAliasesPackage: com.ssm.entity
mapperLocations: classpath:mapper/*Mapper.xml
3.我們要通過xml的格式操作數據庫也就是我們需要寫Mapper.xml文件,在src/main/resources新建Mapper文件夾,然后新建ProductMapper.xml
4.ProductMapper.xml文件如下
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.ssm.dao.ProductDao">
<!--查詢全部商品信息-->
<select id="findAllProduct" resultType="product">
select * from product
</select>
</mapper>
5.ProductDao文件如下
package com.ssm.dao;
import com.ssm.entity.Product; import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Select; import java.util.List; public interface ProductDao { // @Select("select * from product") List<Product> findAllProduct(); }
6.ProductService文件如下
package com.ssm.service;
import com.ssm.entity.Product; import java.util.List; public interface ProductService { List<Product> findAllProduct(); }
7.ProductImple文件如下
package com.ssm.service.imple;
import com.ssm.dao.ProductDao; import com.ssm.entity.Product; import com.ssm.service.ProductService; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import java.util.List; @Service public class ProductImple implements ProductService { @Autowired private ProductDao productDao; @Override public List<Product> findAllProduct() { return productDao.findAllProduct(); } }
8.ProductController文件如下
package com.ssm.controller;
import com.ssm.entity.Product; import com.ssm.service.ProductService; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; import java.util.List; @RestController public class ProductController { @Autowired private ProductService productService; //查詢全部的商品信息 @GetMapping("/product") public List<Product> findAllProduct(){ return productService.findAllProduct(); } }
9.SpringBoot主程序文件如下
package com.demo02.demo_02;
import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan; @SpringBootApplication @ComponentScan(basePackages = {"com.ssm.controller","com.ssm.service"}) @MapperScan(basePackages = {"com.ssm.dao"}) public class Demo02Application { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(Demo02Application.class, args); } }