1.什么叫restful風格
restful是一組架構約束條件和原則，滿足這些約束條件和原則的應用程序即是restful風格。
2.jax-rs實現步驟
1.創建一個簡單應用（略）
2.添加依賴jar包
<!--cxf的客戶端和服務端 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId> <artifactId>cxf-rt-frontend-jaxrs</artifactId> <version>3.0.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId> <artifactId>cxf-rt-rs-client</artifactId> <version>3.0.1</version> </dependency> <!-- CXF的json轉換器，拓展json --> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId> <artifactId>cxf-rt-rs-extension-providers</artifactId> <version>3.0.1</version>
</dependency> <!-- 轉換json的工具包，被cxf-rt-rs-extension-providers包依賴 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.codehaus.jettison</groupId> <artifactId>jettison</artifactId> <version>1.3.7</version> </dependency> <dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId> <version>2.8.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId> <version>2.8.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId> <version>2.8.1</version>
</dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId> <version>1.2.23</version> </dependency>
3.配置cxf的servlet
<servlet>
<servlet-name>CXFService</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.apache.cxf.transport.servlet.CXFServlet</servlet-class>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>CXFService</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/services/*</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
4.配置webservice服務
<jaxrs:server id="userService">
<jaxrs:serviceBeans>
<bean class="cn.cxf.rs.interfaces.impl.UserServiceImpl"></bean>
<bean class="cn.cxf.rs.interfaces.impl.PetImpl"></bean>
</jaxrs:serviceBeans>
<jaxrs:inInterceptors>
<bean class="org.apache.cxf.interceptor.LoggingInInterceptor" />
</jaxrs:inInterceptors>
<jaxrs:outInterceptors>
<bean class="org.apache.cxf.interceptor.LoggingOutInterceptor" />
</jaxrs:outInterceptors>
</jaxrs:server>
5.代碼編寫
接口定義
@Path("/userService")
@Produces("*/*")
public interface IUserService {
@POST
@Path("/saveUser")
@Consumes({"application/json"})
@Produces({"application/json"})
User saveUser( User user);
@POST
@Path("/pet/{petId}")
@Consumes({MediaType.APPLICATION_FORM_URLENCODED,MediaType.APPLICATION_XML})
@Produces({"application/json"})
void pet(@PathParam("petId") String petId,@HeaderParam("xcl") String xcl,User user);
@PUT
@Path("/updateUser")
@Consumes({"application/xml","application/json"})
@Produces({"application/json"})
void updateUser(User user);
@GET
@Path("/findAllUsers")
@Produces({"application/json"})
List<User> findAllUsers(@QueryParam("status") String[] status);
@GET
@Path("/findUserById/{id}/{name}")
@Produces({"application/json"})
@Consumes("applcation/xml")
User findUserById(@PathParam("id") Integer id,@PathParam("name") String name);
@DELETE
@Path("/user/{id}")
@Consumes({MediaType.APPLICATION_XML,MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON})
void deleteUser(@PathParam("id") Integer id);
@GET
@Path("/findUserByArray")
@Consumes({"applcation/xml","applcation/json"})
@Produces({"application/json"})
User findUserByArray(@QueryParam("name") String name,@QueryParam("id") String id);
@POST
@Path("/upload")
@Consumes({MediaType.MULTIPART_FORM_DATA,MediaType.APPLICATION_FORM_URLENCODED})
void fileUpLoad( @Multipart("file") Attachment image,@Multipart("id") String id,@Multipart("name") String name);
@GET
@Path("/Context")
@Consumes({MediaType.APPLICATION_XML})
void contextTest( @MatrixParam("mp") String[] mp,@CookieParam("cookie") Cookie cookie);
@POST
@Path("/testMultipart")
@Consumes({MediaType.MULTIPART_FORM_DATA})
void testMultipart( @Multipart(value="file") Attachment image);
@POST
@Path("/postAttribute")
@Consumes({MediaType.APPLICATION_FORM_URLENCODED})
@Produces({MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON})
User postAttribute(@FormParam("name")String name,@FormParam("id")String id);
@GET
@Path("/getById/{id}")
@Consumes({MediaType.APPLICATION_XML,MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON})
User getById(@PathParam("id") String id);
@GET
@Path("/getMap")
@Consumes({MediaType.APPLICATION_XML,MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON})
@XmlJavaTypeAdapter(MapAdapter.class)
Map<String, Object> getMap();
@GET
@Path("/getByHeader/{id}")
@Consumes({MediaType.APPLICATION_XML,MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON})
User getByHeader(@PathParam("id") Integer id, @HeaderParam("xcl") String xcl);
@POST
@Path("/getListByForm")
@Consumes({"application/xml","application/json",MediaType.APPLICATION_FORM_URLENCODED})
List<User> getListByForm( @FormParam("name")String name,@FormParam("id")String id);
@POST
@Path("/getListByBody")
@Consumes({"application/json"})
@Produces("application/json")
List<User> getListByBody(User user);
@POST
@Path("/getBodyByList")
@Consumes({"application/xml","application/json",MediaType.APPLICATION_FORM_URLENCODED})
@XmlJavaTypeAdapter(MapAdapter.class)
User getBodyByList(List<User> users);
}
接口實現
public class UserServiceImpl implements IUserService {
public User saveUser(User user) {
System.out.println("save user:" + user);
return user;
}
public void updateUser(User user) {
System.out.println("update user:" + user);
}
public List<User> findAllUsers(String[] status) {
for (String string : status) {
System.out.println(string);
}
List<User> users = new ArrayList<User>();
User user1 = new User();
user1.setId(1);
user1.setUsername("小強");
user1.setCity("北京");
List<Car> carList1 = new ArrayList<Car>();
Car car1 = new Car();
car1.setId(101);
car1.setCarName("保時捷");
car1.setPrice(1000000d);
carList1.add(car1);
Car car2 = new Car();
car2.setId(102);
car2.setCarName("寶馬");
car2.setPrice(400000d);
carList1.add(car2);
user1.setCars(carList1);
users.add(user1);
return users;
}
public void deleteUser(Integer id) {
System.out.println("delete user id :" + id);
}
public User findUserById(Integer id,String name) {
if (id == 1) {
User user1 = new User();
user1.setId(1);
user1.setUsername("小明");
user1.setCity("北京");
String userString = JSON.toJSONString(user1);
return user1;
}
return null;
}
public void pet(String petId, String xcl ,User user) {
System.out.println(petId+","+xcl);
}
public User findUserByArray(String name,String id) {
User user = new User();
user.setId(Integer.parseInt(id));
user.setUsername(name);
return user;
}
public void fileUpLoad(Attachment image,String id,String name) {
ContentDisposition contentDisposition = image.getContentDisposition();
System.out.println(contentDisposition.toString());
MediaType type = image.getContentType();
MultivaluedMap<String, String> maps = image.getHeaders();
Set<String> keysSet = maps.keySet();
for (String string : keysSet) {
System.out.println(maps.get(string).toString());
}
Object object = image.getObject();
System.out.println(object);
System.out.println(id+","+type.toString());
/*try{
FileOutputStream outputStream = new FileOutputStream("d:/new.png");
DataHandler handler = image.getDataHandler();
InputStream in = handler.getInputStream();
byte[] bytes = new byte[1024];
int longer = 0;
while ((longer=in.read(bytes))!=-1) {
outputStream.write(bytes, 0, longer);
}
in.close();
outputStream.close();
System.out.println(handler.getName());
}catch(Exception e){
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
*/
}
public void contextTest(String[] mp,Cookie cookie) {
for (String string : mp) {
System.out.println(string);
}
System.out.println(cookie.getValue());
}
public void testMultipart(Attachment image) {
try {
/*File file = (File) image.getObject();
System.out.println(file.getName());*/
System.out.println(image.getContentId());
DataHandler handler = image.getDataHandler();
String type = handler.getContentType();
String name = handler.getName();
System.out.println(type+","+name);
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e.getMessage());
}
}
public User postAttribute(String name, String id) {
System.out.println(name+","+id);
User user = new User();
user.setId(11);
user.setUsername("hah");
return user;
}
public User getById(String id) {
User user = new User();
if(id.equals("1")){
user.setUsername("xcl");
}
return user;
}
public Map<String, Object> getMap() {
Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
map.put("name", "xcl");
map.put("id", "11");
return map;
}
public User getByHeader(Integer id, String xcl) {
System.out.println(id+","+xcl);
return null;
}
public List<User> getListByForm(String name, String id) {
List<User> users = new ArrayList<User>();
User user1 = new User();
user1.setId(1);
user1.setUsername("小強");
user1.setCity("北京");
List<Car> carList1 = new ArrayList<Car>();
Car car1 = new Car();
car1.setId(101);
car1.setCarName("保時捷");
car1.setPrice(1000000d);
carList1.add(car1);
Car car2 = new Car();
car2.setId(102);
car2.setCarName("寶馬");
car2.setPrice(400000d);
carList1.add(car2);
user1.setCars(carList1);
users.add(user1);
return users;
}
public List<User> getListByBody(User user) {
List<User> users = new ArrayList<User>();
User user1 = new User();
user1.setId(1);
user1.setUsername("小強");
user1.setCity("北京");
List<Car> carList1 = new ArrayList<Car>();
Car car1 = new Car();
car1.setId(101);
car1.setCarName("保時捷");
car1.setPrice(1000000d);
carList1.add(car1);
Car car2 = new Car();
car2.setId(102);
car2.setCarName("寶馬");
car2.setPrice(400000d);
carList1.add(car2);
user1.setCars(carList1);
users.add(user1);
return users;
}
public User getBodyByList(List<User> users) {
User user = new User();
user.setId(11);
user.setUsername("xcl");
return user;
}
6.注解講解
@Path("/userService")：路徑
@Produces("*/*")：產生內容 @Produces({"application/json"})，@Produces({"application/xml"})；
@Consumes({"application/xml","application/json"}):消費內容；MediaType.APPLICATION_FORM_URLENCODED{表單內容}
MediaType.MULTIPART_FORM_DATA{附件內容}
@PathParam("id")一般在形參中定義，是path路徑攜帶的參數
@QueryParam("name")是路徑參數形如key=value的形式
@XmlRootElement(name="User")實體類根元素
@POST：post請求方式
@PUT：put請求方式，一般用於存儲{不常用}
@GET：get請求方式
@DELETE：delete請求方式，一般用於刪除{不常用}