我們一般使用linux的時候，都是在Windows上安裝一個ssh客戶端連接上去。那么從一台linux如何連接到另一條linux呢？使用ssh命令即可，因為每台linux機器自己都有一個ssh客戶端。現在我們使用Python的paramiko模塊可以實現ssh客戶端，通過Python腳本遠程登錄一台機器並執行相關操作。
為什么要使用Python來實現ssh客戶端呢？主要作用是用來作批量管理。如果讓你使用ssh命令登錄1台linux機器還好，但是如果讓1000台機器同時執行一個命令怎么辦呢？當然你可以使用shell腳本寫一個for循環來實現，我們使用Python也可以實現。
paramiko模塊：基於SSH用於連接遠程服務器並執行相關操作
首先安裝paramiko模塊
基本命令：pip install paramiko
C:\Users\Administrator>pip install paramiko #由於我PC上同時安裝了Python2和Python3，所以會報錯 Fatal error in launcher: Unable to create process using '"' C:\Users\Administrator>python3 -m pip install paramiko #用這個命令安裝就好啦 ... Successfully installed asn1crypto-0.24.0 bcrypt-3.1.6 cffi-1.12.2 cryptography-2 .6.1 paramiko-2.4.2 pyasn1-0.4.5 pycparser-2.19 pynacl-1.3.0 six-1.12.0 C:\Users\Administrator>python3 #驗證是否安裝成功 Python 3.6.5 (v3.6.5:f59c0932b4, Mar 28 2018, 17:00:18) [MSC v.1900 64 bit (AMD6 4)] on win32 Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information. >>> import paramiko #不報錯說明安裝成功 >>> PS：別看上面用命令安裝paramiko這么簡單，剛開始跟着網上博客離線安裝各種報錯，浪費了我整整1天的時間，哎，說多了都是淚啊。。。
[root@hadoop ~]# cd /usr/local/python3/bin/ [root@hadoop bin]# pip3 install paramiko #直接安裝會報錯，所以請按下面步驟安裝 pip._vendor.requests.packages.urllib3.exceptions.ReadTimeoutError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='files.pythonhosted.org', port=443): Read timed out. 1.安裝組件 [root@hadoop ~]# install openssl openssl-devel python-dev pycrypto -y [root@hadoop ~]# yum install zlib-devel zlib #必須安裝，不安裝會報錯 [root@hadoop ~]# cd /usr/local/python3/ [root@hadoop python3]# ./configure #安裝zlib-devel需要對python3.5進行重新編譯安裝 [root@hadoop python3]# make & make install 2.安裝setuptools: [root@hadoop python3]# cd bin [root@hadoop bin]# pip3 install setuptools #貌似安裝python3.6時已經順帶安裝過了 Requirement already satisfied: setuptools in /usr/local/python3/lib/python3.6/site-packages 3.安裝paramiko [root@hadoop bin]# pip3 install paramiko #安裝成功未報錯 Successfully installed asn1crypto-0.24.0 bcrypt-3.1.6 cffi-1.12.2 cryptography-2.6.1 paramiko-2.4.2 pyasn1-0.4.5 pycparser-2.19 pynacl-1.3.0 six-1.12.0 [root@hadoop bin]# python3 #驗證是否安裝成功 Python 3.6.1 (default, Sep 21 2018, 15:34:57) [GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-28)] on linux Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information. >>> import paramiko #不報錯說明安裝成功 >>> 參考：https://www.cnblogs.com/chimeiwangliang/p/7193187.html
SSHClient
用於連接遠程服務器並執行基本命令
基於用戶名密碼連接：
import paramiko
# 創建SSH對象
ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
# 允許連接不在know_hosts文件中的主機，否則可能報錯：paramiko.ssh_exception.SSHException: Server '192.168.43.140' not found in known_hosts
ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
# 連接服務器
ssh.connect(hostname=b'192.168.43.140', port=22, username=b'root', password=b'123123')
# 執行命令
# stdin：標准輸入（就是你輸入的命令）；stdout：標准輸出（就是命令執行結果）；stderr:標准錯誤（命令執行過程中如果出錯了就把錯誤打到這里），stdout和stderr僅會輸出一個
stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('df')
# 獲取命令結果
result = stdout.read().decode() # 這個有問題，不顯示錯誤，可以修改一下，先判斷stdout有沒有值，如果輸出沒有，就顯示錯誤
print(result)
# 關閉連接
ssh.close()
#Author:Zheng Na import paramiko transport = paramiko.Transport(('192.168.43.140', 22)) transport.connect(username='root', password='123123') ssh = paramiko.SSHClient() ssh._transport = transport stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('df') result = stdout.read().decode() print(result) transport.close()
基於公鑰密鑰連接：
import paramiko
# 首先指定你的私鑰在哪個位置（ssh是自動找到這個位置，Python不行，必須指定）
private_key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file('id_rsa')
# 創建SSH對象
ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
# 允許連接不在know_hosts文件中的主機
ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
# 連接服務器
ssh.connect(hostname='192.168.43.140', port=22, username='root', pkey=private_key)
# 執行命令
stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('df')
# 獲取命令結果
result = stdout.read().decode()
print(result)
# 關閉連接
ssh.close()
import paramiko private_key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file('id_rsa') transport = paramiko.Transport(('192.168.43.140', 22)) transport.connect(username='root', pkey=private_key) ssh = paramiko.SSHClient() ssh._transport = transport stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('df') result = stdout.read().decode() print(result) transport.close()
#Author:Zheng Na import paramiko from io import StringIO key_str = """-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY----- MIIEpQIBAAKCAQEA+4kJjKuG2uYNuTZ1SsBr5kCd5GPHV9MU1OsqqXjJlFDvFwa/ /DtPNgeimA6bkHLdd63j0pDpgY/r5jcyH1bLbHMq97hYzNEJZ4GsEDMjnR0qFLTm QtD2qj+Y6bEmNj39PgGs8sWN+1O4fPWDvGQTnmCytGOTYPA9LtMWkjHcTTNk9UqC x5kSlhASSuf0DEtBrpKGUDT1G6BYVDQN3rALAZVAtLOEDCZWcKl8bk8OtuIc4WeL 1/5JPD0BIquPTcwl7DaALW2isut/RFiqhPWoYgexovQEiHhbuGfJQK9WFUxyOjby 9mS3BdN+1nFg4aWIa+iVH8cUMIJLxO1bJzEdjQIDAQABAoIBAQDEzPdXxGyCoDRk kSM8FUlWoX/nzdmN8Wz/GfALIKI3FQu77GARrSXQlDC239b/MZ/tn3P8r7zCziQ3 vz/MHVCTzZf0sZtoxLSi82X4VsqqhsMB6HewF2am1ZOCZEQNdHrLJOx4FfF8joht 3Hnx0Cs5Y1bupGoPEmgMVsP2JmTDUMG5ZUCUJigRJ1W38gfx17ZFziaDWPVrMFwy /zJ8kw5w/ZRn1pw2PeIahSFsGMFVGfm78PXVANr9wOB2YVYuQxOzzHwo8JQnBRke wYdg1oDHn74HVBNeHUN4YXVwAP8Ggieq/mnHAb36RSIqk6y51KnypR1BiKcSmn+i VQ6QR7GBAoGBAP81ZcL/pMenSaIQ8nev2evcqXwyJHfDRH1CWPxSygNfcePlEF1I +OecYswPvlV+iHangnfnt1xZcTTZXQpAyn7xmKk133sOe5f4Jq2vzjqK8mqmWTDw 5OeQIQ3Uuh0XrX93CZpRhgOctL1k6exFSkGkCWnDJOX05+WGrXhoG3IlAoGBAPxQ uUOJ2k9o1kKylMUYAYpk8y7QwwVSlBhm5Hy1Y6X1Rk2/ERuiebzpSeynXcq+rJyr tmDaxokzasVcP+YMgDwLF1buENDA2UQzUaZjnPds4M6R89xjWbEJ6q3+jFK8JvSd KcSJab/fP83tKApmoR0qfXR1yWEe+k5LaBTio/1JAoGAJr4XdbPTcw+9SOIjvPGw NnMoM5d1G81D73QMCDoVOs/ZfUw/4Ll8N8Tw5qOZNGdiFgk18Df4CQf2/Jvm2PCf DQhmMYHhLFA1iQt9664ds5t2U6RvM9POHC0wJ2Zc3p/CkfAjQA8SNigq8/mG3Xxj WnWpjCm4x0QXlCuO2BGN4RUCgYEA0HjOKhyLcVM4vREaVKLaGwP/3e2FRS+Ox360 SMoClIvM084Lj562IT1L5CoBF9RlgGlsHiiFI7WFAZ6P+T7Y8UNkvGGlKSY+Hdid HPJvLgwazvLO34iDAgEkkzCftnhZY4E7knTLGEqYSEgr7jQP6K5Dy+bKReG3hNtP GvqL7mkCgYEA+MKBttwVDv8qmOx6UzVhUlVvp8W+/Db1hC0L/bnhx3Fcp0ZpV+dn 3htyqOnP4XYj86PUPFo9Vl3niQKjSuoo4EVchLTIAupndZGw238lX5puqxJJTyxZ oNrD9RgeiT6GWeLOxnDUsp/hSASix3PRSNTrJGqdOKnwgkBJaLNM6ic= -----END RSA PRIVATE KEY----- """ private_key = paramiko.RSAKey(file_obj=StringIO(key_str)) transport = paramiko.Transport(('192.168.43.140', 22)) transport.connect(username='root', pkey=private_key) ssh = paramiko.SSHClient() ssh._transport = transport stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('df') result = stdout.read().decode() print(result) transport.close()
SFTPClient
用於連接遠程服務器並執行上傳下載（ssh本身可以使用scp命令傳文件，它是基於sftp協議）
基於用戶名密碼上傳下載
import paramiko
transport = paramiko.Transport(('192.168.43.140', 22))
transport.connect(username='root', password='123123')
sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(transport)
# 將location.txt 上傳至服務器 /tmp/f_win.txt
sftp.put('location.txt', '/tmp/f_win.txt')
# 將/tmp/test.txt 下載到本地 f_linux.txt
sftp.get('/tmp/test.txt', 'f_linux.txt')
transport.close()
基於公鑰密鑰上傳下載
import paramiko
private_key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file('id_rsa')
transport = paramiko.Transport(('192.168.43.140', 22))
transport.connect(username='root', pkey=private_key)
sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(transport)
# 將location.txt 上傳至服務器 /tmp/f_win.txt
sftp.put('location.txt', '/tmp/f_win.txt')
# 將/tmp/test.txt 下載到本地 f_linux.txt
sftp.get('/tmp/test.txt', 'f_linux.txt')
transport.close()
#Author:Zheng Na import paramiko import uuid class Haproxy(object): def __init__(self): self.host = '192.168.43.140' self.port = 22 self.username = 'root' self.pwd = '123123' self.__k = None def create_file(self): file_name = str(uuid.uuid4()) with open(file_name,'w') as f: f.write('hello paramiko') return file_name def run(self): self.connect() self.upload() self.rename() self.close() def connect(self): transport = paramiko.Transport((self.host,self.port)) transport.connect(username=self.username,password=self.pwd) self.__transport = transport def close(self): self.__transport.close() def upload(self): # 連接，上傳 file_name = self.create_file() sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(self.__transport) sftp.put(file_name, '/tmp/tttt.txt') def rename(self): ssh = paramiko.SSHClient() ssh._transport = self.__transport # 執行命令 stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('mv /tmp/tttt.txt /tmp/oooo.txt') # 獲取命令結果 result = stdout.read().decode() ha = Haproxy() ha.run()
補充：
1.使用ssh的密鑰來連接遠程服務器的原理：
RSA：非對稱加密算法
公鑰：public key
私鑰：private key
如果你想連接服務器，首先本地生成密鑰對，然后本地保存私鑰，把公鑰拷貝給服務器。
比如：本地（172.16.134.128，私鑰）——>遠程服務器（172.16.134.129，公鑰）
步驟：
本地操作： [root@hadoop ~]# ssh-keygen #生成密鑰對 [root@hadoop ~]# ssh-copy-id root@172.16.134.129 #使用命令將公鑰拷貝給遠程服務器 [root@hadoop ~]# ssh root@172.16.134.129 #登錄遠程服務器
本地（172.16.134.128） [root@hadoop ~]# ssh-keygen #生成密鑰對 Generating public/private rsa key pair. Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa): #回車，將私鑰保存在/root/.ssh/id_rsa默認文件中 Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): #回車 Enter same passphrase again: #回車 Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa. #私鑰保存位置 Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub. #私鑰保存位置 The key fingerprint is: SHA256:Jo4+uE0HO78Hg4+F7Nm//TYx8igi7ddbFk+vkvBH6YI root@hadoop The key's randomart image is: +---[RSA 2048]----+ | | | | | | | | | ..o. S . .. | | +=+o o o+o. | | o=Boo . Bo*. .| | .+*+= +.EoO o. | | ..o++*ooo+.=. | +----[SHA256]-----+ [root@hadoop ~]# more /root/.ssh/id_rsa #查看私鑰，注意私鑰不要拷貝給任何人 -----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY----- MIIEpAIBAAKCAQEAsE9XuFPI0rHnLn6dDprDbAo+L9l5yYthgC2JsYAJTECchq9h FdynquzRveBy3t0UgidFSHvTmXYsOAZC1svwWATRtq53/fRCU4Gd5FkYCB/2v2Gm w7FxRl/ExmNJAlHhx5ZQK5qYRJWOlb1hOh+BfGJHX8ns6TuNwmv8hl9HpElgoqw1 5Lc09NZp8eHwcorKOPK0IMchdxPSQYvFvarKdNN0SQ8DhHoa5bZre46urSfnBZmr N7AOxegpO7mGPkAqCrG2Deia9EcMLl4uHybSb6LhiueG31qOSpBgR1f71rsSMDMu srL3MSZCtPAXYuN6yxKSQDbZbrr8HqtfrTwb5QIDAQABAoIBAGwcyyKJpfylAKj/ FNnOxwSqJ0X6KncPFAOgaO3CIHF0sUbZpkPcoafrPhYb2vSURq4k3JQ88h0JXMYh +Lx0I/YlRl+qDoRYUo+YTLSoeVcKGqlyfOtFFLvdn/EzEqLsiPF1V8XVL4fm2Z8y mLsmdKVMMo4naTH/xcaxpxDSvkCbhJ1f/mWJ93muLZ46IkkyA4WFBoR59IdFHoKO Y+EFAW8AaYitvyecjFFfNhDsEcK7/Td90LaEI526+L4VGstH7bxvhyKSBl10X4QG HWG/IhSItLaif6L32HcZ4qVNR+50fEG7gXGWogBi8kCeF9TWsd/8U2kePiP9f6Ld JNV0TOECgYEA6HlYPDQE02434lSiwxd+TDCkpqlsy9yer4aeuVowQb0VP6l/Pgjj vjju06hE3IUDc4502VvqGKdhMFMj7biqLFRY24tFok0CbdvIuuQDy81U7Mxp12Wt eGjl19ibEB0MMoaw5PatcpU1ow2w9ghT6hf/AmbL6VN1dTH2ypxHZ40CgYEAwib3 mIwfgLKVFK/A/HmRDVB7fBnaqZScqGyNxcqMrg9XQmhpr1gOYJy6ziSy6zfvjZSK zJ68GxfDwqJImYhAG4+R44yMMrvnIRnFKRUg+c522ErjpTxB/JEMfUo0ig8N2wEO boWZrDz3d7IZaMvTiYw8ZHpesVU5SS6h19DiI7kCgYEA3VJRH5fClGvVRmOfRS8D rZON3aFlE7ypUqBOUlY7pQpXxXEf07Zw47OeI+GKFYuI2qXgNuMbvnbzvycYCIUL dgKjSfiQxdCdJGve8ZaMyqVkWcDObyO8/+qWD2WHUtLkvuGeXY0/WdwV4XLya3lI MpC/1dB6B1vOclGsC/62uC0CgYBEhbA4/KtZpq2LAYShFt6kzlTmtdFArJylrLpU pmoEPJHVdDholDFu06Hyg21KKxG27EgYc6V8AmUq2k+5MCdAEumwX7hTZ5HpUskM +NIMmFvFdpjlhmDbnO3Fgl0MpMeFFdhcFXbpHRNSAV+KZvWfxAjEhZPKDoQLWhPw sV4+sQKBgQCKsUWeNntWr1LdcSsRigMOJ6ZF/QLXiZkmx97UmqLFQIG9+K0s7hHb qmsucmYZPs46qkAinimSsZ6HksSKRwRmZNEzKQgH/ua3gsjGqbjNkZKxXOCQ9PCF l6yw27/x2onIVGj5kVGt1yYfPrBspKimPB3O7p7y3igFF/TRMTHn2A== -----END RSA PRIVATE KEY----- [root@hadoop ~]# more /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub #查看公鑰 ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQCwT1e4U8jSsecufp0OmsNsCj4v2XnJi2GALYmxgAlMQJyGr2EV3Keq7NG94HLe3RSCJ0VIe9OZdiw4BkLWy/BYBNG2rnf99EJTgZ3kWRgIH/a/YabDsXFGX8TGY0kCUeHHllArmphElY6VvWE6H4F8Ykd fyezpO43Ca/yGX0ekSWCirDXktzT01mnx4fByiso48rQgxyF3E9JBi8W9qsp003RJDwOEehrltmt7jq6tJ+cFmas3sA7F6Ck7uYY+QCoKsbYN6Jr0RwwuXi4fJtJvouGK54bfWo5KkGBHV/vWuxIwMy6ysvcxJkK08Bdi43rLEpJANtluuvweq1+tPBvl r oot@hadoop [root@hadoop ~]# ssh-copy-id root@172.16.134.129 #使用命令將公鑰拷貝給遠程服務器 /usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: Source of key(s) to be installed: "/root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub" /usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed /usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys root@172.16.134.129's password: Number of key(s) added: 1 Now try logging into the machine, with: "ssh 'root@172.16.134.129'" and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added. [root@hadoop ~]# ssh root@172.16.134.129 #成功登錄遠程服務器 Last login: Fri Mar 8 02:26:32 2019 from 172.16.134.128 [root@hadoop ~]# ip addr #查看遠程服務器IP 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000 link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:bd:97:52 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 172.16.134.129/24 brd 172.16.134.255 scope global noprefixroute dynamic eth0 valid_lft 1339sec preferred_lft 1339sec inet6 fe80::b46e:fbba:4f30:8322/64 scope link noprefixroute valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever [root@hadoop ~]# exit #退出 登出 Connection to 172.16.134.129 closed. [root@hadoop ~]#
注意這種連接是單向的，如果希望服務器的用戶也可以無密碼登錄我們本地的用戶，則同樣需要在服務器的用戶下生成密鑰對，並把公鑰拷貝給我們本地的用戶。
除了可以使用命令來將公鑰拷貝給服務器外，還可以直接登錄遠程服務器進行手動拷貝。
1.復制存放在/root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub的私鑰 2.用戶登錄服務器172.16.134.129 3.將私鑰拷貝到/root/.ssh/authorized_keys文件中。 [root@hadoop ~]# vi /root/.ssh/authorized_keys 注意： （1）公鑰在服務器的存放位置由用戶來決定。比如我想登錄服務器的root用戶，就將其拷貝到root文件夾的目標文件中。 （2）默認如果你登錄過這個用戶，則這個用戶的.ssh文件會自動生成，如果沒登錄過這個用戶，文件可能需要手動創建。 （3）如果你打開authorized_keys文件后看到其中中已經有一個公鑰了，那么這應該是別人的，就是說別人如果也想不通過用戶名密碼登錄這台服務器的話，就也會創建密鑰對並把公鑰放在這里。 （4）公鑰只有1行，拷貝的時候可能會自動換行變成3行，最終導致登錄不成功。可以先把公鑰拷到一個txt文件中查看，確定是否只有一行，如果不是，手動刪除回車變為一行。更好的辦法是用命令拷貝。 4.安全起見，查看文件的權限是不是只允許自己讀寫，如果不是，修改權限。 [root@hadoop ~]# ll /root/.ssh/authorized_keys -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 393 Mar 8 02:01 /root/.ssh/authorized_keys [root@hadoop ~]# chmod 600 /root/.ssh/authorized_keys [root@hadoop ~]# ll /root/.ssh/authorized_keys -rw------- 1 root root 393 Mar 8 02:01 /root/.ssh/authorized_keys
本地嘗試登錄遠程服務器時， 若登錄不成功，可以使用調試模式查看，-v [root@hadoop ~]# ssh root@172.16.134.129 -v 若端口不是22，則需要加上端口號，比如 [root@hadoop ~]# ssh root@172.16.134.129 -p52113
2.為什么要使用公鑰連接？
基於用戶名密碼來連接遠程服務器，這是不安全的，一旦被別人拿到你的腳本，獲取到用戶名密碼，別人也就可以連接你的服務器。
3.寫Python腳本時，注意不要將名稱寫為paramiko.py，因為這與模塊名重復，執行時會有問題。
4.安裝好paramiko模塊后第一次運行，可能會出現警告：CryptographyDeprecationWarning
D:\software\Python3.6.5\python3.exe D:/python-study/s14/Day09/paramiko_ssh_pwdlogin.py D:\software\Python3.6.5\lib\site-packages\paramiko\kex_ecdh_nist.py:39: CryptographyDeprecationWarning: encode_point has been deprecated on EllipticCurvePublicNumbers and will be removed in a future version. Please use EllipticCurvePublicKey.public_bytes to obtain both compressed and uncompressed point encoding. m.add_string(self.Q_C.public_numbers().encode_point()) D:\software\Python3.6.5\lib\site-packages\paramiko\kex_ecdh_nist.py:96: CryptographyDeprecationWarning: Support for unsafe construction of public numbers from encoded data will be removed in a future version. Please use EllipticCurvePublicKey.from_encoded_point self.curve, Q_S_bytes D:\software\Python3.6.5\lib\site-packages\paramiko\kex_ecdh_nist.py:111: CryptographyDeprecationWarning: encode_point has been deprecated on EllipticCurvePublicNumbers and will be removed in a future version. Please use EllipticCurvePublicKey.public_bytes to obtain both compressed and uncompressed point encoding. hm.add_string(self.Q_C.public_numbers().encode_point())
C:\Users\Administrator>python3 -m pip uninstall cryptography==2.5 C:\Users\Administrator>python3 -m pip install cryptography==2.4.2 參考：https://yq.aliyun.com/articles/690717
5.若希望使用公鑰從本地win7系統登錄到遠程linux服務器，該如何在win7本地生成密鑰對呢？
方法一：可以直接從一台linux系統拷貝其私鑰到本地（注意：此系統必須已將公鑰給過你的服務器）
[root@hadoop ~]# sz ~/.ssh/id_rsa #sz命令可以將文件下載到本地
方法二：可以通過打開XShell-->工具-->新建用戶密鑰生成向導-->...-->...步驟實現
6.假如Linux下光標消失，不要急：
echo -e "\033[?25l" #隱藏光標 echo -e "\033[?25h" #顯示光標