asp.net core 將配置文件配置遷移到數據庫（一）

Intro

asp.net core 配置默認是項目根目錄下的 appsettings.json 文件，還有環境變量以及 command line arguments，有一些鏈接字符串等信息可能放在數據庫里更好一些，也方便修改與維護，有的配置可能多個應用共享一些配置，這樣維護在數據庫里可能就只需要配置一次。有人可能說那你為什么不直接搞個配置中心呢，開始是想直接接入一個配置中心，后來覺得項目不大可以不必引入配置中心，直接自己造個輪子從數據庫讀取配置就可以了，於是就想自己實現一套基於數據庫的 ConfigurationProvider

探索 Configuration

Configuration 源碼在 https://github.com/aspnet/Extensions/tree/master/src/Configuration

微軟也提供了一些自己實現的 ConfigurationProvider

自定義基於 EF 的 ConfigurationProvider

需要實現兩個接口

1. 實現 IConfigurationProvider 接口

using System.Linq;
using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;

namespace WeihanLi.Configuration.EntityFramework
{
    internal class EntityFrameworkConfigurationProvider : ConfigurationProvider
    {
        private readonly DbContextOptions<ConfigurationsDbContext> _dbContextOptions;

        public EntityFrameworkConfigurationProvider(DbContextOptions<ConfigurationsDbContext> dbContextOptions)
        {
            _dbContextOptions = dbContextOptions;
        }

        public override void Load()
        {
            using (var dbContext = new ConfigurationsDbContext(_dbContextOptions))
            {
                var configurations = dbContext.Configurations.AsNoTracking()
                    .ToArray();
                if (configurations.Length == 0)
                    return;

                foreach (var configuration in configurations)
                {
                    Data[configuration.Key] = configuration.Value;
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

2. 實現 IConfigurationSource 接口

using System;
using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;

namespace WeihanLi.Configuration.EntityFramework
{
    internal class EntityFrameworkConfigurationSource : IConfigurationSource
    {
        private readonly Action<DbContextOptionsBuilder<ConfigurationsDbContext>> _action;

        public EntityFrameworkConfigurationSource(Action<DbContextOptionsBuilder<ConfigurationsDbContext>> action)
        {
            _action = action;
        }

        private readonly DbContextOptionsBuilder<ConfigurationsDbContext> DbContextOptionsBuilder = new DbContextOptionsBuilder<ConfigurationsDbContext>();

        public IConfigurationProvider Build(IConfigurationBuilder builder)
        {
            _action.Invoke(DbContextOptionsBuilder);
            return new EntityFrameworkConfigurationProvider(DbContextOptionsBuilder.Options);
        }
    }
}

擴展方法：

using System;
using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;

namespace WeihanLi.Configuration.EntityFramework
{
    public static class RedisConfigurationExtension
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// Adds an <see cref="IConfigurationProvider"/> that reads configuration values from EntityFramework.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="builder">The <see cref="IConfigurationBuilder"/> to add to.</param>
        /// <param name="action">Configures the configurationsDbContext source.</param>
        /// <returns>The <see cref="IConfigurationBuilder"/>.</returns>
        public static IConfigurationBuilder AddEntityFramework(this IConfigurationBuilder builder, Action<DbContextOptionsBuilder<ConfigurationsDbContext>> action)
            => builder.Add(new EntityFrameworkConfigurationSource(action));
    }
}

更多源碼參考：https://github.com/WeihanLi/AspNetCorePlayground/tree/master/WeihanLi.Configuration/WeihanLi.Configuration.EntityFramework

使用

修改 Program 文件 WebHost 的構建，參考https://github.com/WeihanLi/AspNetCorePlayground/blob/ecb461f209db7cf73d8285806473519301f76444/TestWebApplication/Program.cs：

WebHost.CreateDefaultBuilder(args)
                .ConfigureAppConfiguration(configBuilder =>
                {
                    var configuration = configBuilder.Build();
                    configBuilder.AddEntityFramework(config => config.UseSqlServer(configuration.GetConnectionString("Configurations"));
                })
                .UseStartup<Startup>();

源碼

你可以修改源碼來進一步定制符合你需要的基於數據庫的 ConfigurationProvider