[轉]SQLServer添加UPDATE回滾日志(update/delete/insert)

下面直接上代碼（copy到你的數據庫里面直接就可以運行）：

　　

CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[SP_UPDATE_LOG]
@TABLENAME VARCHAR(50)
AS
BEGIN
SET NOCOUNT ON;
IF NOT EXISTS(SELECT * FROM sys.tables WHERE NAME = @TABLENAME AND TYPE = 'U' )
BEGIN
PRINT'ERROR：not exist table '+@TABLENAME
RETURN
END
IF (@TABLENAME LIKE'BACKUP_%' OR @TABLENAME='UPDATE_LOG' )
BEGIN
--PRINT'ERROR：not exist table '+@TABLENAME
RETURN
END
--================================判斷是否存在 UPDATE_LOG 表============================
IF NOT EXISTS(SELECT * FROM sys.tables WHERE NAME = 'UPDATE_LOG' AND TYPE = 'U')
CREATE TABLE UPDATE_LOG
(
UpdateGUID VARCHAR(36),
UpdateTime DATETIME,
TableName varchar(20),
UpdateType varchar(6),
RollBackSQL varchar(MAX),
ExecSQL VARCHAR(500)
)
--=================================判斷是否存在 BACKUP_ 表================================
IF NOT EXISTS(SELECT * FROM sys.tables WHERE NAME = 'BACKUP_'+@TABLENAME AND TYPE = 'U')
BEGIN
DECLARE test_Cursor CURSOR FOR
SELECT COLUMN_NAME,DATA_TYPE,CHARACTER_MAXIMUM_LENGTH FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.columns
WHERE TABLE_NAME=@TABLENAME
OPEN test_Cursor
DECLARE @SQLTB NVARCHAR(MAX)=''
DECLARE @COLUMN_NAME NVARCHAR(50),@DATA_TYPE VARCHAR(20),@CHARACTER_MAXIMUM_LENGTH INT
FETCH NEXT FROM test_Cursor INTO @COLUMN_NAME,@DATA_TYPE,@CHARACTER_MAXIMUM_LENGTH
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS=0
BEGIN
SET @SQLTB=@SQLTB+'['+@COLUMN_NAME+'] '+@DATA_TYPE+CASE ISNULL(@CHARACTER_MAXIMUM_LENGTH,0) WHEN 0 THEN '' WHEN -1 THEN '(MAX)' ELSE'('+CAST(@CHARACTER_MAXIMUM_LENGTH AS VARCHAR(10))+')' END+','
FETCH NEXT FROM test_Cursor INTO @COLUMN_NAME,@DATA_TYPE,@CHARACTER_MAXIMUM_LENGTH
END
SET @SQLTB='CREATE TABLE BACKUP_'+@TABLENAME+' (UpdateGUID varchar(36),UpdateType Varchar(10),'+SUBSTRING(@SQLTB,1,LEN(@SQLTB)-1)+')'
EXEC (@SQLTB)
CLOSE test_Cursor
DEALLOCATE test_Cursor
END
--======================================判斷是否存在 UPDATE 觸發器=========================
IF NOT EXISTS(SELECT * FROM sys.objects WHERE NAME = 'tg_'+@TABLENAME+'_Update' AND TYPE = 'TR')
BEGIN
DECLARE @SQLTR NVARCHAR(MAX)
SET @SQLTR='
CREATE TRIGGER tg_'+@TABLENAME+'_Update
ON '+@TABLENAME+'
AFTER Update,Delete,Insert
AS
BEGIN 
SET NOCOUNT ON;
--==============================獲取GUID==========================================
DECLARE @NEWID VARCHAR(36)=NEWID()

--===========================將刪掉或新增的數據插入備份表=========================
DECLARE @ROWCOUNT INT
INSERT INTO [dbo].[BACKUP_'+@TABLENAME+']
SELECT @NEWID,''DELETE'',* FROM deleted
SET @ROWCOUNT=@@ROWCOUNT
IF @ROWCOUNT>0
BEGIN
INSERT INTO [dbo].[BACKUP_'+@TABLENAME+']
SELECT @NEWID,''INSERT'',* FROM inserted
END
ELSE
BEGIN
INSERT INTO [dbo].[BACKUP_'+@TABLENAME+']
SELECT @NEWID,''INSERT'',* FROM inserted
SET @ROWCOUNT=@@ROWCOUNT
END

--==============================記錄日志和回滾操作的SQL===========================


--******************生成插入語句用到的列名（需避開自增字段）********************
DECLARE @COLUMN1 NVARCHAR(MAX)=''''
SELECT @COLUMN1+='',[''+COLUMN_NAME+'']'' FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.columns
WHERE TABLE_NAME='''+@TABLENAME+'''
AND COLUMNPROPERTY(OBJECT_ID('''+@TABLENAME+'''),COLUMN_NAME,''IsIdentity'')<>1 --非自增字段
SET @COLUMN1=SUBSTRING(@COLUMN1,2,LEN(@COLUMN1))



--*******************動態定義變量、刪除條件匹配的列********************
DECLARE @DECLARE VARCHAR(MAX)='''',@INTODECLARE VARCHAR(MAX)='''',@WHERE VARCHAR(MAX)='''',@COLUMN2 VARCHAR(MAX)=''''
SELECT @DECLARE+=''@''+COLUMN_NAME+'' ''+DATA_TYPE+CASE ISNULL(CAST(CHARACTER_OCTET_LENGTH AS VARCHAR(10)),'''') WHEN '''' THEN '','' WHEN ''-1'' THEN ''(MAX),'' ELSE ''(''+CAST(CHARACTER_OCTET_LENGTH AS VARCHAR(10))+''),'' END,
@INTODECLARE+=''@''+COLUMN_NAME+'','',
@COLUMN2+=''[''+COLUMN_NAME+''],'' ,
@WHERE += ''ISNULL(''+ COLUMN_NAME+'','''''''')=ISNULL(@''+COLUMN_NAME+'','''''''') AND ''
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.columns
WHERE TABLE_NAME='''+@TABLENAME+'''
SET @DECLARE=LEFT(@DECLARE,LEN(@DECLARE)-1)
SET @INTODECLARE=LEFT(@INTODECLARE,LEN(@INTODECLARE)-1)
SET @COLUMN2=LEFT(@COLUMN2,LEN(@COLUMN2)-1)
SET @WHERE= LEFT(@WHERE,LEN(@WHERE)-3)

--*******************判斷是否還原當前表的最近一次操作******************* 
DECLARE @SQL_ISLAST VARCHAR(MAX)=''
SET NOCOUNT ON
DECLARE @maxdate datetime
SELECT @maxdate=max(updatetime) FROM UPDATE_LOG WHERE TableName='''''+@TABLENAME+'''''
IF NOT EXISTS(SELECT 1 FROM UPDATE_LOG WHERE UpdateTime=@maxdate AND UPDATEGUID=''''''+@NEWID+'''''')
BEGIN
DECLARE @MAXGUID VARCHAR(50)
SELECT @MAXGUID=UPDATEGUID FROM UPDATE_LOG WHERE UpdateTime=@maxdate
PRINT ''''此操作並非最近一次操作，請逐步還原,此表最近一次操作的GUID是：''''+@MAXGUID
RETURN
END
''

--********************還原insert和update操作用到的SQL*******************

DECLARE @SQL_DELETE VARCHAR(MAX)=''
SET ROWCOUNT 1 --設定相同條件下只刪除1行 
DECLARE Cursor_ CURSOR FOR
SELECT ''+@COLUMN2+'' FROM BACKUP_'+@TABLENAME+' WHERE UPDATEGUID= ''''''+@NEWID+'''''' AND UpdateType=''''INSERT''''
OPEN Cursor_
DECLARE ''+@DECLARE+''
FETCH NEXT FROM Cursor_ INTO ''+@INTODECLARE+''
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS=0
BEGIN 
DELETE FROM '+@TABLENAME+' WHERE ''+@WHERE+''
FETCH NEXT FROM Cursor_ INTO ''+@INTODECLARE+''
END
CLOSE Cursor_
DEALLOCATE Cursor_
SET ROWCOUNT 0
''

--*********************還原delete和update操作用到的SQL*******************

DECLARE @SQL_INSERT VARCHAR(MAX)=''
INSERT INTO '+@TABLENAME+' SELECT ''+@COLUMN1+'' FROM BACKUP_'+@TABLENAME+' WHERE UPDATEGUID=''''''+@NEWID+'''''' AND UpdateType=''''DELETE''''
''

--*********************還原操作之后把備份表和log表的記錄刪掉*************

DECLARE @SQL_DELGUID VARCHAR(MAX)=''
DELETE FROM BACKUP_'+@TABLENAME+' WHERE UPDATEGUID IN(SELECT UPDATEGUID FROM UPDATE_LOG WHERE UpdateTime>=@maxdate AND TableName='''''+@TABLENAME+''''')
DELETE FROM UPDATE_LOG WHERE UpdateTime>=@maxdate AND TableName='''''+@TABLENAME+'''''
PRINT ''''回滾操作執行成功，共恢復 ''+CAST(@ROWCOUNT AS VARCHAR(10))+'' 條記錄''''
SET NOCOUNT OFF
''

--*********************執行還原操作的SQL**********************************

DECLARE @EXECSQL VARCHAR(500)=''
DECLARE @SQL VARCHAR(MAX)
SELECT @SQL=ROLLBACKSQL FROM UPDATE_LOG WHERE UPDATEGUID=''''''+@NEWID+'''''' 
EXEC(@SQL) 
''

--==============================判斷執行的哪種操作方式=================================

DECLARE @DoType VARCHAR(MAX)=''UPDATE''
IF NOT EXISTS(SELECT 1 FROM deleted)
SET @DoType=''INSERT''
IF NOT EXISTS(SELECT 1 FROM inserted)
SET @DoType=''DELETE''
IF NOT EXISTS(SELECT 1 FROM deleted) AND NOT EXISTS(SELECT 1 FROM inserted)
RETURN
IF @DoType=''UPDATE''
BEGIN
INSERT INTO [dbo].[UPDATE_LOG]
SELECT @NEWID,GETDATE(),'''+@TABLENAME+''',''UPDATE'',@SQL_ISLAST+@SQL_DELETE+@SQL_INSERT+@SQL_DELGUID,@EXECSQL
RETURN
END
IF @DoType=''DELETE''
BEGIN
INSERT INTO [dbo].[UPDATE_LOG]
SELECT @NEWID,GETDATE(),'''+@TABLENAME+''',''DELETE'',@SQL_ISLAST+@SQL_INSERT+@SQL_DELGUID,@EXECSQL
RETURN
END
IF @DoType=''INSERT''
BEGIN
INSERT INTO [dbo].[UPDATE_LOG]
SELECT @NEWID,GETDATE(),'''+@TABLENAME+''',''INSERT'',@SQL_ISLAST+@SQL_DELETE+@SQL_DELGUID,@EXECSQL
RETURN
END
END
'
EXEC (@SQLTR)
END
END

 

運行這段代碼，你會創建一個存儲過程，下面來建一個測試表簡單測一下這個存儲過程的功能吧：

CREATE TABLE test(
[id] [int] NULL,
[name] [varchar](10) NULL
) 

INSERT INTO test
SELECT 1,'a'
UNION ALL
SELECT 2,'b'
UNION ALL
SELECT 3,'c'
UNION ALL
SELECT 4,'d'
UNION ALL
SELECT 5,'a'
UNION ALL
SELECT 6,'b'

SELECT * FROM test

 

檢查一下，表建好了：

 

接着執行存儲過程給test表添加回滾日志：

EXEC SP_UPDATE_LOG 'test'    --給test表建立update回滾日志
SELECT * FROM [dbo].[BACKUP_test]    --test表數據備份
SELECT * FROM [dbo].[UPDATE_LOG]    --update操作記錄

 

這時候你會發現生成了兩張表:backup_test 和 update_log，包括test表下建立了觸發器，backup_test是test表的備份表，由test表專用，update_log表是所有建立update回滾日志的表所公用的。這個表里面記錄每張表操作的時間，做了何種操作，包括執行回滾的SQL：

 

下面測一下回滾的功能吧，我要把test表改得面目全非，然后再執行回滾：

 

update 操作被我一不小心執行了兩次，變成了這副德行，下面我開始還原操作，先查詢下update_log這張表：

 

 

產生了兩條操作記錄，copy ExecSQL里面的SQL語句執行，注意要先執行時間最近的操作記錄，一步一步還原：

 

還原一步之后變成了這個樣子，下面再還原一步：

 

到目前為止看下完全還原了吧~

 

好了，這個update的回滾日志也該介紹完了~終於打完了，手好累啊~~

PS:執行delete和insert操作也是一樣的回滾步驟

原文：https://blog.csdn.net/Wikey_Zhang/article/details/73994020