laravel 實現一個簡單的 RESTful API

創建一個 Article 資源

php artisan make:resource Article

你可以在 app/Http/Resources 目錄下看到你剛剛生成的 Article 資源

當然我們還需要 Article 的數據庫遷移、模型和控制器。我們能用這個命令快速的創建這些。
創建相關的model和contrlloer

php artisan make:model Models/Article -mc

修改遷移文件：跟目錄databaes/migrations/2018_11_02_062640_create_articles_table
具體字段類型和索引，請參考https://laravelacademy.org/post/6171.html

public function up()
{
    Schema::create('articles'/*表名*/, function (Blueprint $table) {
        $table->/*字段類型 主鍵，默認11*/increments('uid')->comment('用戶id');//字段和備注
        $table->/*字段類型 varchar 30*/string('username','60')->/*唯一索引*/unique()->comment('用戶名稱');
        $table->/*字段類型 varchar 30*/string('email','30')->unique()->comment('用戶郵箱');
        $table->ipAddress('ipAddress')->comment('ip地址');
        $table->timestamps();
    });
}

然后我們運行命令創建對應數據表（然后你的數據庫中就會生成 migrations//遷移文件表 articles//你創建的表）：
 php artisan migrate 
//如表結構填錯了可執行回滾操作重新創建
php artisan migrate:rollback

回到我們的model層：fillable 里面的字段我們可以進行create和update

<?php
namespace App\Models;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;

class Article extends Model
{
    protected $fillable = ['username', 'email', 'ipAddress'];
}

laravel 自帶的有個填充數據的工具為我們添加測試數據：
填充器說明：https://laravelacademy.org/post/9153.html
就會成功一個databaes/migrations/seeds/ArticlesTableSeeder.php文件

php artisan make:seeder ArticlesTableSeeder

然后編輯databaes/migrations/seeds/ArticlesTableSeeder.php文件：填充50條數據

    use App\Models\Article;

    //修改run方法Article::create里面的字段就是 
    //protected $fillable = ['username', 'email', 'ipAddress'];
    public function run()
    {
        // Let's truncate our existing records to start from scratch.
        Article::truncate();
        $faker = \Faker\Factory::create();
        // And now, let's create a few articles in our database:
        for ($i = 0; $i < 50; $i++) {
            Article::create([
                'username' => $faker->name.str_random(5),
                'email' =>  str_random(10).'@baidu.com',
                'ipAddress' => '127.0.0.1',
            ]);
        }
    }
運行填充器命令進行填充表里的數據就有了

php artisan db:seed --class=ArticlesTableSeeder

如果填充多張表的數據填充編輯：databaes/migrations/seeds/DatabaseSeeder.php

public function run()
{
    $this->call(ArticlesTableSeeder::class);//填充articles
    $this->call(InfoTableSeeder::class);//填充info
}
//然后執行，php artisan db:seed
編輯ArticleController.phpEloquent操作可以參考https://learnku.com/articles/6356/laravel-eloquent-usage：

//查詢所有
public function index()
{
    return Article::all();
}

//根據uid
public function show($uid)
{
    //Article::where(['uid'=>$uid])->first();
    return Article::where('uid',$uid)->first();
}
添加路由

    Route::get('articles/{uid}', 'ArticleController@show'); 

一個簡單接口功能就實現了

http://127.0.0.1:8081/api/articles/1
{"uid":1,"username":"Mr. Jamie Mohruwec7","email":"[e-mail]","ipAddress":"127.0.0.1","created_at":"2018-11-02 07:13:26","updated_at":"2018-11-02 07:13:26"}