python初級實戰-----主機在線情況監控web

背景

公司有600多台服務器，打算寫一個小程序，能一眼看見哪些服務器不在線。

大體思路是：

1、把所有服務器ip存進數據庫，ping命令判斷服務器是否在線

2、更新數據庫中ip的狀態

3、簡單的web顯示出來

4、優化程序，美觀頁面

一、python檢測IP在線

fping命令，它是對一個文件的批量ping，瞬間完成的，如果ping不通，那就較慢，日常ping不通的畢竟是少數，所以這個非常適用。

這個命令需要安裝，直接yum就行，yum install fping -y

創建fping.sh的shell腳本
#!/bin/bash
 rm -f result.txt
 cat ipmi_ping.txt | fping > result.txt

執行結果：

二、讀取mysql數據

1、創建一張數據表，存放ip等信息

#創建一個表
create table ip_table(
                   id int auto_increment,   #id自增
                   ipaddress char(15) not null, #地址禁止為空
                   application char(24),
                   status char(6),
                   primary key(id)
);
#插入部分數據
insert into ip_table values(id,'10.30.0.101','郵箱服務器','在線');
insert into ip_table values(id,'10.1.100.1','核心交換機','在線');
insert into ip_table values(id,'10.1.50.30','開發庫','在線');
insert into ip_table values(id,'10.1.80.115','openstack控制節點','在線');
insert into ip_table values(id,'10.1.80.116','openstack計算節點','在線');
insert into ip_table values(id,'10.1.80.117','openstack塊存儲節點','在線');
commit;

2、python實現讀取數據表中的內容，並寫入到一個本地文件

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import pymysql

def get_loan_number(file):
    connect = pymysql.connect(
        host="10.1.80.200",
        port=3306,
        user="alex",
        passwd="alex",
        db="ip",
        charset='utf8'
    )
    print("寫入中，請等待……")
    cursor = connect.cursor() #獲取游標
    sql = "select ipaddress  from ip_table"  #執行的sql
    cursor.execute(sql) #執行數據庫操作
    number = cursor.fetchall() #查詢並返回所有結果
    fp = open(file, "w")
    loan_count = 0
    for loanNumber in number:
        loan_count += 1
        fp.write(loanNumber[0] + "\n")
    fp.close()
    cursor.close()  #關閉指針對象
    connect.close() #關閉數據庫連接
    print("寫入完成,共寫入%d條數據……" % loan_count)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    file = r"loanNUmber.txt"
    get_loan_number(file)

 二、執行fping腳本，並將結果輸出到result文件

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import pymysql
import os

def get_loan_number(file):
    connect = pymysql.connect(
        host="localhost",
        port=3306,
        user="root",
        passwd="12345678",
        db="ip",
        charset='utf8'
    )
    print("寫入中，請等待……")
    cursor = connect.cursor() #獲取游標
    sql = "select ipaddress  from ip_table"  #執行的sql
    cursor.execute(sql) #執行數據庫操作
    number = cursor.fetchall() #查詢並返回所有結果
    fp = open(file, "w")
    loan_count = 0
    for loanNumber in number:
        loan_count += 1
        fp.write(loanNumber[0] + "\n")
    fp.close()
    cursor.close()  #關閉指針對象
    connect.close() #關閉數據庫連接
    print("寫入完成,共寫入%d條數據……" % loan_count)
    f = os.system('sh /ping/fping.sh')

if __name__ == "__main__":
    file = r"ipmi_ping.txt"
    get_loan_number(file)

三、讀result.txt文件，將IP is unreachable的行提取更新狀態‘不在線’

#!/usr/bin/python3
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import pymysql
import os
 
def get_loan_number(file):
    connect = pymysql.connect(
        host="localhost",
        port=3306,
        user="root",
        passwd="12345678",
        db="checkip",
        charset='utf8'
    )
    print("寫入中，請等待……")
    cursor = connect.cursor() #獲取游標
    sql = "select ipaddress  from ip_table"  #執行的sql
    cursor.execute(sql) #執行數據庫操作
    number = cursor.fetchall() #查詢並返回所有結果
    fp = open(file, "w")
    loan_count = 0
    for loanNumber in number:
        loan_count += 1
        fp.write(loanNumber[0] + "\n")
    fp.close()
    print("寫入完成,共寫入%d條數據……" % loan_count)
    f = os.system('sh fping.sh')
 
    content = open('result.txt','r')
    first= content.read().split('\n')
    for i in range(0,len(first)-1):
         tmp = first[i]
         ip = tmp[:tmp.index('is')-1]
         status = '在線'
         if 'unreachable' in tmp:
             status = '離線'
         cursor.execute('update ip_table set status ="%s" where ipaddress ="%s"'%(status,ip))
    connect.commit()
    content.close()
    cursor.close()  #關閉指針對象
    connect.close() #關閉數據庫連接
 
if __name__ == "__main__":
    file = r"ipmi_ping.txt"
    get_loan_number(file)

 此時已經可以在數據庫中看見status發送了變化。

四、設置get_loan_number每秒執行

#!/usr/bin/python3
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import pymysql
import os
import time
 
def get_loan_number(file):
    connect = pymysql.connect(
        host="localhost",
        port=3306,
        user="root",
        passwd="12345678",
        db="checkip",
        charset='utf8'
    )
    cursor = connect.cursor() #獲取游標
    sql = "select ipaddress  from ip_table"  #執行的sql
    cursor.execute(sql) #執行數據庫操作
    number = cursor.fetchall() #查詢並返回所有結果
    fp = open(file, "w")
    loan_count = 0
    for loanNumber in number:
        loan_count += 1
        fp.write(loanNumber[0] + "\n")
    fp.close()
    f = os.system('sh fping.sh >> checkip.log 2>&1')
 
    content = open('result.txt','r')
    first= content.read().split('\n')  #通過指定分隔符對字符串進行切片
    for i in range(0,len(first)-1):
         tmp = first[i]
         ip = tmp[:tmp.index('is')-1]
         status = '在線'
         if 'unreachable' in tmp:
             status = '離線'
         cursor.execute('update ip_table set status ="%s" where ipaddress ="%s"'%(status,ip))
    connect.commit()
    content.close()
    cursor.close()  #關閉指針對象
    connect.close() #關閉數據庫連接
 
while True:
    get_loan_number(r"ipmi_ping.txt")
    time.sleep(3)

 

 五、設計web提取mysql數據

 這里我用了flask框架，因為簡單好用。

首先安裝python第三方模塊：

pip3 install flask
pip3 install flask_bootstrap
pip3 install pymysql

 

建立base.html

{% extends "bootstrap/base.html"  %}
{% block title %}Flask{% endblock %}
{% block navbar %}
<div class="navbar navbar-inverse" role="navigation">
    <div class="container">
        <div class="navbar-header">
            <button type="button" class="navbar-toggle" data-toggle="collapse" data-target=".navbar-collapse">
                <span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span>
                <span class="icon-bar"></span>
                <span class="icon-bar"></span>
                <span class="icon-bar"></span>
            </button>
            <a class="navbar-brand" href="/">PMSystem</a>
        </div>
        <div class="navbar-collapse collapse">
            <ul class="nav navbar-nav">
                <li><a href="/">主機在線平台</a></li>
            </ul>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>
{% endblock %}

{% block content %}
<div class="container">
  {% block page_content %}{% endblock %}
</div>
{% endblock %}

建立index.html

{% extends "base.html" %}
 
{% block title %}主機平台{% endblock %}
 
{% block page_content %}
    <table class="table table-bordered">
    <tr>
        <th>序號</th>
        <th>IP地址</th>
        <th>服務</th>
        <th>是否在線</th>
    </tr>
        {% for i in u %}
            <tr>
                <td>{{ i[0] }}</td>
                <td>{{ i[1] }}</td>
                <td>{{ i[2] }}</td>
                <td>{{ i[3] }}</td>
            </tr>
    {% endfor %}
    </table>
 
{% endblock %}

建立app.py

from flask import Flask
from flask import render_template
from flask_bootstrap import Bootstrap
import pymysql
app = Flask(__name__)
bootstrap = Bootstrap(app)
 
@app.route('/')
def index():
    conn = pymysql.connect(host='10.1.80.110', user='alex', password='alex', db='checkip', charset='utf8')
    cur = conn.cursor()
    sql = "SELECT * FROM ip_table"
    cur.execute(sql)
    u = cur.fetchall()
    conn.close()
    return render_template('index.html',u=u)
if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run(host='0.0.0.0',debug=True)

 運行一下程序：

初步實現了需求。

 

六、設置后台執行

nohup /python3/bin/python3.5 -u ping.py >> ping.log 
nohup /python3/bin/python3.5 -u app.py >> app.log 2>&1 &