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TestNG並發執行用例詳解和范例

本文轉載自   查看原文   2019-02-22 19:02   542    java-TestNg-selenium

 

前言

TestNG有多種並發方式支持，方法的並發，class級的並發，test級的並發等；
根據實際應用可以靈活的配置和使用，下面分別對幾種並發方法進行說明：

一、方法級並發

方法級並發即method級並發，此種並發方式需要將xml中的suite標簽的parallel屬性設置為methods並添加屬性thread-count並設置其值，其會將所有的方法按照設定的並發數進行並發，譬如總共有4個測試用例，並發數設置為3，則會開三個線程，那么必然會有兩個用例是在同一個線程內的，跟用例在哪個class內沒關系，范例如下：
測試用例類一ThreadTest.java：

package com.demo.test.testng; import org.testng.annotations.Test; public class ThreadTest { @Test() public void test1() { long id = Thread.currentThread().getId(); System.out.println("test1-1 thread id:"+id); } @Test public void test2() { long id = Thread.currentThread().getId(); System.out.println("test1-2 thread id:"+id); } }

測試用例類二ThreadTest2：

package com.demo.test.testng; import org.testng.annotations.Test; public class ThreadTest2 { @Test() public void test1() { long id = Thread.currentThread().getId(); System.out.println("test2-1 thread id:"+id); } @Test public void test2() { long id = Thread.currentThread().getId(); System.out.println("test2-2 thread id:"+id); } }

xml設置並發數為3，並發類型為methods：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE suite SYSTEM "http://testng.org/testng-1.0.dtd" > <suite name="threadSuite" parallel="methods" thread-count="3"> <test name="Test"> <classes> <class name="com.demo.test.testng.ThreadTest"/> <class name="com.demo.test.testng.ThreadTest2"/> </classes> </test> <!-- Test --> </suite> <!-- Suite -->

執行結果如下：

[RemoteTestNG] detected TestNG version 6.10.0
[TestNG] Running:
  D:\software\workspace\testng\src\main\java\com\demo\test\testCase\ThreadTestXml.xml

test1-1 thread id:12
test2-1 thread id:14
test1-2 thread id:13
test2-2 thread id:13

===============================================
threadSuite
Total tests run: 4, Failures: 0, Skips: 0
===============================================

如上圖所示，確實是開了三個線程，且有兩個相同線程號的用例並非同一個測試類；

二、class級並發

此並發方式需要將xml中的suite標簽內的屬性parallel屬性設置為classes，且添加屬性thread-count並設置其值即可實現class級別並發，其會一個class內的所有方法放在一個線程內，根據線程數設置和總的class數來分配線程，譬如如果設置線程數為3，而class數目為2，則會開兩個線程來分別運行兩個class，而如果設置線程數為3，且class數目為4則將會有兩個class在一個線程內，如下為一個簡單的范例：
兩個用例類如下：
ThreadTest.java

package com.demo.test.testng; import org.testng.annotations.Test; public class ThreadTest { @Test() public void test1() { long id = Thread.currentThread().getId(); System.out.println("test1-1 thread id:"+id); } @Test public void test2() { long id = Thread.currentThread().getId(); System.out.println("test1-2 thread id:"+id); } }

ThreadTest2.java

package com.demo.test.testng; import org.testng.annotations.Test; public class ThreadTest2 { @Test() public void test1() { long id = Thread.currentThread().getId(); System.out.println("test2-1 thread id:"+id); } @Test public void test2() { long id = Thread.currentThread().getId(); System.out.println("test2-2 thread id:"+id); } }

測試xml如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE suite SYSTEM "http://testng.org/testng-1.0.dtd" > <suite name="threadSuite" parallel="classes" thread-count="3" verbose="2"> <test name="Test"> <classes> <class name="com.demo.test.testng.ThreadTest"/> <class name="com.demo.test.testng.ThreadTest2"/> </classes> </test> <!-- Test --> </suite> <!-- Suite -->

運行結果：

[RemoteTestNG] detected TestNG version 6.10.0
...
... TestNG 6.10 by Cédric Beust (cedric@beust.com)
...

[TestNG] Running:
  D:\software\workspace\testng\src\main\java\com\demo\test\testCase\ThreadTestXml.xml

[TestRunner] Starting executor for test Test with time out:2147483647 milliseconds.
test2-1 thread id:13
test1-1 thread id:12
test2-2 thread id:13
test1-2 thread id:12
PASSED: test1
PASSED: test1
PASSED: test2
PASSED: test2

===============================================
    Test
    Tests run: 4, Failures: 0, Skips: 0
===============================================

可以看到兩個類分別開了一個線程，同一個類中的用例在同一個線程內，符合預期；
那么如果有一個suite下有多個test，這個並發設置會否將所有的test都計算在呢？來試一下，新添加一個測試用例Depend1.java：

package com.demo.test.testng; import org.testng.Assert; import org.testng.annotations.Test; public class DependTest1 { @Test(groups= {"dependGroup1"}) public void dependTest1() { System.out.println("dependTest1"); } @Test(groups= {"dependGroup1"}) public void dependTest2() { System.out.println("dependTest2"); } @Test(groups="dependGroup2") public void dependTest4() { System.out.println("dependTest4"); Assert.assertFalse(false); } }

修改xml為如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE suite SYSTEM "http://testng.org/testng-1.0.dtd" > <suite name="threadSuite" parallel="classes" thread-count="2" verbose="2"> <test name="Test1"> <classes> <class name="com.demo.test.testng.ThreadTest"/> <class name="com.demo.test.testng.ThreadTest2"/> </classes> </test> <!-- Test --> <test name="test2"> <classes> <class name="com.demo.test.testng.DependTest1"> </class></classes> </test> </suite> <!-- Suite -->

再次運行結果如下：

[RemoteTestNG] detected TestNG version 6.10.0
...
... TestNG 6.10 by Cédric Beust (cedric@beust.com)
...

[TestNG] Running:
  D:\software\workspace\testng\src\main\java\com\demo\test\testCase\ThreadTestXml.xml

[TestRunner] Starting executor for test Test1 with time out:2147483647 milliseconds.
test2-1 thread id:13
test1-1 thread id:12
test2-2 thread id:13
test1-2 thread id:12
PASSED: test1
PASSED: test1
PASSED: test2
PASSED: test2

===============================================
    Test1
    Tests run: 4, Failures: 0, Skips: 0
===============================================

[TestRunner] Starting executor for test test2 with time out:2147483647 milliseconds.
dependTest1
dependTest2
dependTest4
PASSED: dependTest1
PASSED: dependTest2
PASSED: dependTest4

===============================================
    test2
    Tests run: 3, Failures: 0, Skips: 0
===============================================


===============================================
threadSuite
Total tests run: 7, Failures: 0, Skips: 0
===============================================

可以看到是先運行test1(內含兩個測試類)，開了兩個線程，而后再運行test2(內含一個測試類)，開了一個線程，而這兩個test內的三個class是並沒有放在一起運行的；
故這種並發設置是根據每個test標簽生效的；

三、test級並發

test級並發為將xml中每個test標簽下的用例放在一個線程內並根據並發數和tet數目開線程的並發方法，需要將xml中的suite標簽內的屬性parallel屬性設置為tests，且添加屬性thread-count並設置其值即可，譬如有一個suite下有兩個test且並發數設置為2，那么就會開兩個線程，每個線程都包含一個test，范例如下：
ThreadTest.java:

package com.demo.test.testng; import org.testng.annotations.Test; public class ThreadTest { @Test() public void test1() { long id = Thread.currentThread().getId(); System.out.println("test1-1 thread id:"+id); } @Test public void test2() { long id = Thread.currentThread().getId(); System.out.println("test1-2 thread id:"+id); } }

ThreadTest2.java：

package com.demo.test.testng; import org.testng.annotations.Test; public class ThreadTest2 { @Test() public void test1() { long id = Thread.currentThread().getId(); System.out.println("test2-1 thread id:"+id); } @Test public void test2() { long id = Thread.currentThread().getId(); System.out.println("test2-2 thread id:"+id); } }

修改DependTest1.java:

package com.demo.test.testng; import org.testng.Assert; import org.testng.annotations.Test; public class DependTest1 { @Test(groups= {"dependGroup1"}) public void dependTest1() { long id = Thread.currentThread().getId(); System.out.println("dependTest1 id:"+id); } @Test(groups= {"dependGroup1"}) public void dependTest2() { long id = Thread.currentThread().getId(); System.out.println("dependTest2 id:"+id); } @Test(groups="dependGroup2") public void dependTest4() { long id = Thread.currentThread().getId(); System.out.println("dependTest4 id:"+id); Assert.assertFalse(false); } }

xml設置如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE suite SYSTEM "http://testng.org/testng-1.0.dtd" > <suite name="threadSuite" parallel="tests" thread-count="2" verbose="2"> <test name="Test1"> <classes> <class name="com.demo.test.testng.ThreadTest"/> <class name="com.demo.test.testng.ThreadTest2"/> </classes> </test> <!-- Test --> <test name="test2"> <classes> <class name="com.demo.test.testng.DependTest1"> </class></classes> </test> </suite> <!-- Suite -->

運行結果：

[RemoteTestNG] detected TestNG version 6.10.0
...
... TestNG 6.10 by Cédric Beust (cedric@beust.com)
...

[TestNG] Running:
  D:\software\workspace\testng\src\main\java\com\demo\test\testCase\ThreadTestXml.xml

[ThreadUtil] Starting executor timeOut:2147483647ms workers:2 threadPoolSize:2
dependTest1 id:13
test1-1 thread id:12
test1-2 thread id:12
dependTest2 id:13
test2-1 thread id:12
dependTest4 id:13
test2-2 thread id:12
PASSED: test1
PASSED: test2
PASSED: test1
PASSED: test2

===============================================
    Test1
    Tests run: 4, Failures: 0, Skips: 0
===============================================

PASSED: dependTest1
PASSED: dependTest2
PASSED: dependTest4

===============================================
    test2
    Tests run: 3, Failures: 0, Skips: 0
===============================================


===============================================
threadSuite
Total tests run: 7, Failures: 0, Skips: 0
===============================================

可見兩個test是開了兩個線程運行的，且同一個test內的用例都在同一個線程內；

四、instances級並發

此並發方法與前面幾種並發方法類似，只是需要修改parallel為instances即可，為一個實例一個並發，范例如下：

package com.demo.test.testng; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import org.testng.annotations.Factory; import org.testng.annotations.Test; public class FactoryTest { private String host; private int port; public FactoryTest(String host, int port) { this.host=host; this.port=port; } @Test public void login() { long id = Thread.currentThread().getId(); System.out.println("login, host:"+host+";port"+port+";id:"+id); } @Test(dependsOnMethods="login") public void logout() { long id = Thread.currentThread().getId(); System.out.println("logout, host:"+host+";port"+port+";id:"+id); } @Factory public static Object[] create() { List<FactoryTest> list = new ArrayList<FactoryTest>(); list.add(new FactoryTest("10.10.10.1", 8080)); list.add(new FactoryTest("10.10.10.2", 8080)); return list.toArray(); } }

xml如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE suite SYSTEM "http://testng.org/testng-1.0.dtd" > <suite name="threadSuite" parallel="instances" thread-count="4" verbose="2"> <test name="Test1"> <classes> <class name="com.demo.test.testng.FactoryTest" /> </classes> </test> </suite> <!-- Suite -->

運行結果如下：

[RemoteTestNG] detected TestNG version 6.10.0
...
... TestNG 6.10 by Cédric Beust (cedric@beust.com)
...

[TestNG] Running:
  D:\software\workspace\testng\src\main\java\com\demo\test\testCase\ThreadTestXml.xml

[TestRunner] Starting executor for test Test1 with time out:2147483647 milliseconds.
login, host:10.10.10.1;port8080;id:12
login, host:10.10.10.2;port8080;id:13
logout, host:10.10.10.1;port8080;id:14
logout, host:10.10.10.2;port8080;id:15
PASSED: login
PASSED: login
PASSED: logout
PASSED: logout

===============================================
    Test1
    Tests run: 4, Failures: 0, Skips: 0
===============================================


===============================================
threadSuite
Total tests run: 4, Failures: 0, Skips: 0
===============================================

如上log可知，兩個用例，兩組參數，共四條用例開了四個線程，每個用例都是一個實例；
如果是沒有@Factory注解的普通用例，則沒效果。

五、測試用例級並發

此級並發可以直接在用例內設置，如下為一個范例：

package com.demo.test.testng; import org.testng.annotations.Test; public class ThreadTest { @Test(threadPoolSize = 3, invocationCount = 6, timeOut = 1000) public void test1() { long id = Thread.currentThread().getId(); System.out.println("test1-1 thread id:"+id); } @Test public void test2() { long id = Thread.currentThread().getId(); System.out.println("test1-2 thread id:"+id); } }

如上圖代碼所示，test1設置線程數為3，調用次數為6，超時時間為1000ms，運行結果如下：

[RemoteTestNG] detected TestNG version 6.10.0
[TestNG] Running:
  C:\Users\dufei\AppData\Local\Temp\testng-eclipse--1263110808\testng-customsuite.xml

[ThreadUtil] Starting executor timeOut:1000ms workers:6 threadPoolSize:3
test1-1 thread id:13
test1-1 thread id:14
test1-1 thread id:12
test1-1 thread id:14
test1-1 thread id:13
test1-1 thread id:12
test1-2 thread id:1
PASSED: test1
PASSED: test1
PASSED: test1
PASSED: test1
PASSED: test1
PASSED: test1
PASSED: test2

===============================================
    Default test
    Tests run: 7, Failures: 0, Skips: 0
===============================================


===============================================
Default suite
Total tests run: 7, Failures: 0, Skips: 0
===============================================

[TestNG] Time taken by org.uncommons.reportng.HTMLReporter@1d371b2d: 48 ms

如上所示，test1為三個線程，調用六次，超時為1000ms，符合預期；


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