- 之前都是用eclipse開發java項目,實習來了公司以后大佬們都用Idea開發,所以學習了Idea的使用,記錄一下自己的學習過程方便以后查看
- 搭建ssh框架第一步
- 打開idea,新建一個Project
4.選擇maven這樣可以快速搭建
5.填寫項目名,點next就可以了不需要修改里面的文件位置
6.項目打開后會出現
是讓你選擇maven倉庫自動導入jar包,前面的時每次寫一個新的jar都需要手動點一下,后面的是自動導入,看自己喜好隨便選,沒有大的影響
7.展開項目目錄在main地下創建兩個文件夾
現在需要修改一下這兩個文件夾,在文件夾上右鍵
修改之后:
java用來放java代碼,resources用來放配置文件
8.現在來創建一個web項目結構,創建一個實體類(就不提供java代碼了代碼還是自己手動寫寫比較好,配置文件會一一講解),目錄中只創建了一個實體類和hibernate中實體類的映射文件User.hbm.xml.
實體類的屬性,需要提供setget方法.以及對應數據庫中的字段
看看配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN" "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"> <hibernate-mapping> <class name="實體類的路徑" table="表名"> <id name="id" column="id">主鍵名 <generator class="native"></generator>主鍵生成策略 </id> <property name="name"/>字段名因為和表中相同所以可以省略column <property name="age"/> </class> </hibernate-mapping>
9.忘記導包了.不慌,現在導入
配置pom文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.hik</groupId> <artifactId>ssh03</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>war</packaging> <name>ssh03 Maven Webapp</name> <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website --> <url>http://www.example.com</url> <properties>注意這個位置的.不可以去了否則會報錯,個人感覺是不會的但是它就是報了 <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source> <maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target> <spring.Version>4.3.1.RELEASE</spring.Version> <hibernate.Version>4.3.5.Final</hibernate.Version> <jstl.Version>1.2</jstl.Version> <taglib.Version>1.1.2</taglib.Version> <servlet.Version>3.0-alpha-1</servlet.Version> <json.Version>1.9.13</json.Version> <jackson.Version>2.5.0</jackson.Version> <mysql.Version>5.1.38</mysql.Version> <c3p0.Version>0.9.1.2</c3p0.Version> <log4j.Version>1.2.17</log4j.Version> <fileupload.Version>1.3.1</fileupload.Version> <lombok.Version>1.16.10</lombok.Version> </properties> <dependencies>這個標簽里面來配置需要的jar包 <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.11</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <!-- spring--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId> <version>${spring.Version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId> <version>${spring.Version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>${spring.Version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId> <version>${spring.Version}</version> </dependency> <!-- spring web + spring MVC--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>${spring.Version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>${spring.Version}</version> </dependency> <!-- hibernate配置--> <dependency> <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId> <version>${hibernate.Version}</version> </dependency> <!-- hibernate 緩存, 視情況添加--> <dependency> <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-ehcache</artifactId> <version>${hibernate.Version}</version> </dependency> <!-- jsp頁面使用的jstl支持--> <dependency> <groupId>jstl</groupId> <artifactId>jstl</artifactId> <version>${jstl.Version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>taglibs</groupId> <artifactId>standard</artifactId> <version>${taglib.Version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId> <version>${servlet.Version}</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <!-- DataBase數據庫連接 mysql包--> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>${mysql.Version}</version> </dependency> <!-- 數據庫連接池--> <dependency> <groupId>c3p0</groupId> <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId> <version>${c3p0.Version}</version> </dependency> <!-- json數據 使springMVC可以返回json值 ,視情況添加--> <dependency> <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId> <version>${json.Version}</version> </dependency> <!-- Jackson可以輕松的將Java對象轉換成json對象和xml文檔,同樣也可以將json、xml轉換成Java對象--> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId> <version>${jackson.Version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId> <version>${jackson.Version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId> <version>${jackson.Version}</version> </dependency> <!-- log4j配置, 視情況添加--> <dependency> <groupId>log4j</groupId> <artifactId>log4j</artifactId> <version>${log4j.Version}</version> </dependency> <!--文件 上傳--> <dependency> <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId> <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId> <version>${fileupload.Version}</version> </dependency> <!-- lombok插件導包--> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <version>${lombok.Version}</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <finalName>ssh03</finalName> <pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) --> <plugins> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.1.0</version> </plugin> <!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging --> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.0.2</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.8.0</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.22.1</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.2.2</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.5.2</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.8.2</version> </plugin> </plugins> </pluginManagement> </build> </project>
現在有了jar包然后就可以配置spring,springmvc 以及hibernate了
10.配置web.xml 這幾個類記不住怎么辦?一定要自己去jar包底下找幾次
<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN" "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" > <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5"> <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name> <!--配置spring核心監聽器加載applicationContext.xml--> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value> </context-param> <!--配置springmvc--> <servlet> <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:springMVC.xml</param-value> </init-param> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name> <url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <!-- 處理POST提交亂碼問題 --> <filter> <filter-name>encoding</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> <init-param> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>UTF-8</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>encoding</filter-name> <url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> </web-app>
現在開始進軍hibernate的配置
配置數據庫的鏈接屬性jdbc.properties
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/springmvc?characterEncoding=utf-8
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=admin
hibernate的配置文件和spring整合到一起配置applicationContext.xml就可以
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd"> <!-- 引入外部屬性文件=============================== --> <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/> <!--在掃描時排除Controller--> <context:component-scan base-package="com.ssh.controller"> <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/> </context:component-scan> <!-- 配置C3P0連接池=============================== --> <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"> <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"/> <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/> <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"/> <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/> </bean> <!-- 配置SessionFactory --> <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> <!-- 注入連接池 --> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/> <!-- 配置Hibernate的相關屬性 --> <property name="hibernateProperties"> <props> <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop> <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop> <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop> <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop> </props> </property> <!-- 引入映射文件 --> <property name="mappingResources"> <list> <value>User.hbm.xml</value> </list> </property> </bean> <!-- 事物管理器配置 --> <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager"> <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" /> </bean> <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" /> </beans>
解釋一下
<!--在掃描時排除Controller-->
spring和springmvc整合后，項目會有2個容器，
一個是spring容器，一個是springmvc容器,spring容器是父容器，springmvc容器是spring容器的子容器。spring容器初始化后，springmvc再進行初始化，並將spring容器作為它的父容器。子容器能夠訪問父容器的bean，而反之不行。當springmvc容器初始化時，如果發現有相同的類，會將新初始化的實例覆蓋spring容器中已經存在的實例，會導致注入失敗，空指針的問題。
之前寫項目的時候User.hbm.xml是放在實體文件夾中的但是Idea不會加載java文件夾中除了java以外的文件會找不到所以放在resources文件底下
現在配置springMvc
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd "> <mvc:annotation-driven/> <!--掃描controller層在spring中不在掃描--> <context:component-scan base-package="com.ssh.controller"/> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <property name="prefix" value="views/"/> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/> </bean> <!--<!–配置攔截器–>--> <!--<mvc:interceptors>--> <!--<mvc:interceptor>--> <!--<!–配置攔截所有請求–>--> <!--<mvc:mapping path="/**"/>--> <!--<!–配置攔截器的位置–>--> <!--<bean class="這里寫攔截器的位置"></bean>--> <!--</mvc:interceptor>--> <!--</mvc:interceptors>--> </beans>
11.配置tomcate
這個After Launch不勾
apply就ok了
運行項目回報一個沒有log4j日志的警告沒有關系不用理他
輸入url默認加載web-inf下的index.xml
一個ssh的框架就搭建好了,今天只吃了三片面包,有點低血糖了后面的增刪改查后期再寫,上班時間寫點東西哈哈哈美滋滋.