【nginx】root alias 區別，以及server root ， location root 區別

nginx-root-alias-詳解

最近在研究前后端分離站點配置在同一域名下，發現root,alias有區別，而且所有的root如果都放置在location下面訪問無效的問題，才有此總結，本文只是作者自己的個人見解，非喜勿噴

root , alias 區別

• root的配置 帶匹配路徑的

location /i/ {
    root /data/w3/;
}
### 如果訪問 www.domain.com/i/test.png 最后返回的結果為 /data/w3/i/test.png ,root 配置最后的/要不要都行

• alias的配置 不帶匹配路徑的，而且最后一定要加/，nginx可以處理多個////為一個/

location /i/ {
    alias /data/w3/;
}
### 如果訪問 www.domain.com/i/test.png 最后返回的結果為 /data/w3/test.png ,root 配置最后的/一定是要的，否則返回結果會變成  /data/w3test.png  而返回的404

server root , location root 區別

root 指的是請求的根目錄，引用nginx官網的解釋：

Sets the root directory for requests . A path to the file is constructed by merely adding a URI to the value of the root directive 翻譯：設置請求的根目錄，設置的文件路徑要加上root后面匹配的URI
Note that the root directive is placed in the server context. Such root directive is used when the location block selected for serving a request does not include own root directive. 如果匹配的location里面沒有自己的root指令，才用server里面的root指令

總結：location里面的root優先級高於server

 ### 如果不想使用root的目錄轉換功能而需要做重定向，應該提取root在location的外面
root   "C:/Users/flint/PhpstormProjects/basic/web/";
location ~ ^/admin/ {
    index  test.php ;
    autoindex  on;
    try_files $uri $uri/ /test.php?$args;
}

貼上完整的 xc.com 站點配置文檔 xc.com.conf

server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  xc.com;
        charset utf-8;
        root   "C:/Users/flint/PhpstormProjects/basic/web/";
        location ~ ^/admin/ {
	    index  test.php ;
            autoindex  on;
	    try_files $uri $uri/ /test.php?$args;
        }
		
	location / {
	  root   "E:/vue-admin-template/dist";
	  set $cors_origin "";
	  if ($http_origin ~* "^xc.com:9528$") {
	        set $cors_origin $http_origin;
	  }
	  if ($http_origin ~* "^xc.com$") {
	        set $cors_origin $http_origin;
	  }
	  if ($request_method = 'OPTIONS') { 
		add_header Access-Control-Allow-Origin $cors_origin; 
		add_header Access-Control-Allow-Headers *;
		add_header Access-Control-Allow-Methods POST,OPTIONS;
		add_header Access-Control-Allow-Credentials true;
		return 204;
	  }
	  index  index.html ;
          autoindex  on;
       }
		
	# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        #
        location ~ \.php(.*)$  {
            fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
            fastcgi_index  index.php;
            fastcgi_split_path_info  ^((?U).+\.php)(/?.+)$;
            fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
            fastcgi_param  PATH_INFO  $fastcgi_path_info;
            fastcgi_param  PATH_TRANSLATED  $document_root$fastcgi_path_info;
            include        fastcgi_params;
        }
		


        #error_page  404              /404.html;

        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }

    }