在vue單頁應用中,當項目不斷完善豐富時,即使使用webpack打包,文件依然是非常大的,影響頁面的加載。如果我們能把不同路由對應的組件分割成不同的代碼塊,當路由被訪問時才加載對應的組件(也就是按需加載),這樣就更加高效了。——引自vue-router官方文檔
如何實現??
vue異步組件
vue-router配置路由,使用vue的異步組件技術,可以實現懶加載,代碼如下:// 每個組件都會生成一個js文件
import Vue from 'vue'
import Router from 'vue-router'
import Login from '../view/List.vue';
Vue.use(Router);
export default new Router({
routes: [
{
path: '/home/list',
name: 'list',
components: resolve => require(['../view/List.vue'], resolve)
}
],
動態import(webpack > 2.4)
vue、webpack官方推薦
情況一:每個組件都會打包生成一個js文件
const List = () => import('../view/List.vue')
// 在路由配置中什么都不需要改變,像往常一樣使用組件:
export default new Router({
routes: [
{
path: '/home/list',
name: 'login',
components: Login
},
{
path: '/home/user',
name: 'user',
components: User
}
],
情況二:所有組件合並打包在一個異步塊chunk中
const List = () => import(/* webpackChunkName: "home" */ './List.vue')
const User = () => import(/* webpackChunkName: "home" */ './User.vue')
// 在路由配置中什么都不需要改變,像往常一樣使用組件:
export default new Router({
routes: [
{
path: '/home/list',
name: 'list',
components: List
},
{
path: '/home/user',
name: 'user',
components: User
}
],
// 在webpack.base.config.js中配置 ChunkFileName:
output: {
path: config.build.assetsRoot,
filename: '[name].js',
chunkFilename: '[name].js',
publicPath: process.env.NODE_ENV === 'production'
? config.build.assetsPublicPath
: config.dev.assetsPublicPath
},
另一種寫法,更簡潔:同樣需要在webpack.base.config.js中配置 ChunkFileName:
{
path: '/home/list',
name: 'list',
component: () => import(/* webpackChunkName:"list"*/ '../view/List.vue')
},
{
path: '/home/user',
name: 'user',
component: () => import(/* webpackChunkName:"user"*/ '../view/User.vue')
},
webpack提供的require.ensure()
語法如下:摘自官網
require.ensure(dependencies: String[], callback: function(require), chunkName: String
多個路由指定相同的chunkName,在這里chunkName為home,會合並打包成一個js文件。
{
path: '/home/list',
name: 'list',
// component:list
component: r => require.ensure([], () => r(require('../view/Lst.vue')), 'home')
},
{
path: '/home/user',
name: 'user',
// component:user
component: r => require.ensure([], () => r(require('../view/User.vue')), 'home')
}
// 在webpack.base.config.js中配置 ChunkFileName 和 publicPath:
output: {
path: config.build.assetsRoot,
filename: '[name].js',
chunkFilename: '[name].js',
publicPath: './',
publicPath: process.env.NODE_ENV === 'production'
? config.build.assetsPublicPath
: config.dev.assetsPublicPath
},
在實踐過程中應該會遇到各種問題,到時候再繼續補充,前端新手,多多指教!