1、traceback.print_exc()
2、traceback.format_exc()
3、traceback.print_exception()
簡單說下這三個方法是做什么用的:
1、print_exc():是對異常棧輸出 2、format_exc():是把異常棧以字符串的形式返回,print(traceback.format_exc()) 就相當於traceback.print_exc() 3、print_exception():traceback.print_exc()實現方式就是traceback.print_exception(sys.exc_info()),可以點sys.exc_info()進去看看實現
測試代碼如下:
def func(a, b): return a / b if __name__ == '__main__': import sys import time import traceback try: func(1, 0) except Exception as e: print('***', type(e), e, '***') time.sleep(2) print("***traceback.print_exc():*** ") time.sleep(1) traceback.print_exc() time.sleep(2) print("***traceback.format_exc():*** ") time.sleep(1) print(traceback.format_exc()) time.sleep(2) print("***traceback.print_exception():*** ") time.sleep(1) traceback.print_exception(*sys.exc_info())
運行結果:
*** <class 'ZeroDivisionError'> division by zero *** ***traceback.print_exc():*** Traceback (most recent call last): File "E:/HttpRunnerManager-jh/ApiManager/tests.py", line 42, in <module> func(1, 0) File "E:/HttpRunnerManager-jh/ApiManager/tests.py", line 33, in func return a / b ZeroDivisionError: division by zero ***traceback.format_exc():*** Traceback (most recent call last): File "E:/HttpRunnerManager-jh/ApiManager/tests.py", line 42, in <module> func(1, 0) File "E:/HttpRunnerManager-jh/ApiManager/tests.py", line 33, in func return a / b ZeroDivisionError: division by zero ***traceback.print_exception():*** Traceback (most recent call last): File "E:/HttpRunnerManager-jh/ApiManager/tests.py", line 42, in <module> func(1, 0) File "E:/HttpRunnerManager-jh/ApiManager/tests.py", line 33, in func return a / b ZeroDivisionError: division by zero
可以看出,三種方式打印結果是一樣的。在開發時,做調試是很方便的。也可以把這種異常棧寫入日志。
logging.exception(ex) # 指名輸出棧蹤跡, logging.exception的內部也是包了一層此做法 logging.error(ex, exc_info=1) # 更加嚴重的錯誤級別 logging.critical(ex, exc_info=1) # 我直接copy的,未嘗試。有時間會試下的
python 還有一個模塊叫cgitb,輸出的error非常詳情。
try: func(1, 0) except Exception as e: import cgitb cgitb.enable(format='text') func(1, 0)
traceback.print_exc()跟traceback.format_exc()有什么區別呢?
format_exc()返回字符串,print_exc()則直接給打印出來。
即traceback.print_exc()與print traceback.format_exc()效果是一樣的。
print_exc()還可以接受file參數直接寫入到一個文件。比如
traceback.print_exc(file=open('tb.txt','w+'))
寫入到tb.txt文件去。
參考:
https://blog.csdn.net/lengxingxing_/article/details/56317838