springboot獲取applicationcontext

使用springboot之前，我們通過ClassPathXmlApplicationContext加載spring xml配置文件來獲取applicationcontext，使用springboot后，由於不存在xml文件，故該種方式已經不能使用

在官方文檔中介紹，可通過實現ApplicationRunner或者CommandLineRunner在springaplication啟動后，立即執行其中的一些代碼，做初始化操作，如果存在多個實現類，可使用@Order注解設置其啟動順序，也可使用實現ApplicationListener來做初始化操作，並且實現ApplicationListener可獲取到applicationcontext

獲取applicationcontext的方式有多種，以下列舉出兩種方式

一、實現ApplicationListener<ContextRefreshedEvent>

1、啟動類

package com.demo.bootdemo;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

import com.demo.bootdemo.listeners.MainBusiListeners;
import com.demo.bootdemo.test.TestBean;
import com.demo.bootdemo.uitils.ApplicationContextUtils;

@SpringBootApplication
public class MydemoApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication sa = new SpringApplication(MydemoApplication.class);
        sa.addListeners(new MainBusiListeners());
        sa.run(args);
        // 測試
        TestBean bean = ApplicationContextUtils.getBean(TestBean.class);
        bean.print("yes it is test.");
    }

}

2、啟動監聽

package com.demo.bootdemo.listeners;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationListener;
import org.springframework.context.event.ContextRefreshedEvent;
import com.demo.bootdemo.uitils.ApplicationContextUtils;

/**
 * 啟動監聽
 */
public class MainBusiListeners implements ApplicationListener<ContextRefreshedEvent> {
    @Override
    public void onApplicationEvent(ContextRefreshedEvent event) {
        ApplicationContextUtils.setContext(event.getApplicationContext());
    }
}

3、ApplicationContext工具類

package com.demo.bootdemo.uitils;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;

/**
 * ApplicaitonContext工具類
 *
 */
public class ApplicationContextUtils {

    private static ApplicationContext context;

    public static void setContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext) {
        context = applicationContext;
    }

    public static Object getBean(String beanName) {
        return context.getBean(beanName);
    }

    public static <T> T getBean(Class<T> t) {
        return context.getBean(t);
    }
}

4、測試Bean

package com.demo.bootdemo.test;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

/**
 * 測試Bean
 */
@Component
public class TestBean {

    public void print(String str) {
        System.out.println("input: " + str);
    }
}

5、啟動啟動類MydemoApplication.java

  .   ____          _            __ _ _
 /\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __  __ _ \ \ \ \
( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \
 \\/  ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| |  ) ) ) )
  '  |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /
 =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/
 :: Spring Boot ::        (v2.1.3.RELEASE)

2019-04-04 09:51:28.722  INFO 93344 --- [           main] com.demo.bootdemo.MydemoApplication      : Starting MydemoApplication on admin-PC with PID 93344 (D:\Programs\eclipseworkplace\springboot\mydemo\target\classes started by admin in D:\Programs\eclipseworkplace\springboot\mydemo)
2019-04-04 09:51:28.725  INFO 93344 --- [           main] com.demo.bootdemo.MydemoApplication      : No active profile set, falling back to default profiles: default
2019-04-04 09:51:29.247  INFO 93344 --- [           main] com.demo.bootdemo.MydemoApplication      : Started MydemoApplication in 0.838 seconds (JVM running for 1.204)
input: yes it is test.

通過上述輸出結果可知，applicationcontext正常獲取，如果需要在run方法執行之前，使用applicationcontext做一些事情，可在MainBusiListeners的onApplicationEvent方法中進行。另外，使用@Component或者具有類似功能注解，啟動類中去掉sa.addListeners(new MainBusiListeners());，一樣可以正常獲取applicationcontext，ApplicationListener中的Event有多種，父接口為ApplicationEvent，具體可參考源碼查看

二、啟動類run方法返回值即為applicationcontext

查看main方法中啟動類代碼

查看run方法，發現該方法返回ConfigurableApplicationContext

查看ConfigurableApplicationContext

接口實現了ApplicaitonContext接口，所以run方法返回的值就是我們需要的context了

 

啟動類

package com.demo.Demo001;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext;

@SpringBootApplication
public class App {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ConfigurableApplicationContext context = SpringApplication.run(App.class, args);
        ContextUtils.setApplicationContext(context);
        MainBusiEntry.execute();
    }
}

context工具類

package com.demo.Demo001;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;

public class ContextUtils {

    public static ApplicationContext context;

    private ContextUtils() {
    }

    public static void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext) {
        context = applicationContext;
    }

    public static Object getBean(String beanName) {
        return context.getBean(beanName);
    }

    public static <T> T getBean(Class<T> t) {
        return context.getBean(t);
    }
}

測試bean

package com.demo.Demo001;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class TestBean {
    public String getName() {
        return this.getClass().getCanonicalName();
    }
}

業務處理入口

package com.demo.Demo001;

import org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager;
import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;

public class MainBusiEntry {
    
    private static Logger logger = LogManager.getLogger(MainBusiEntry.class);
    public static void execute() {
        TestBean bean = ContextUtils.getBean(TestBean.class);
        logger.info(bean.getName());
    }
}

啟動springboot，輸出結果如下

  .   ____          _            __ _ _
 /\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __  __ _ \ \ \ \
( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \
 \\/  ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| |  ) ) ) )
  '  |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /
 =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/
 :: Spring Boot ::        (v2.1.0.RELEASE)

11:53:25.302 INFO  org.springframework.boot.StartupInfoLogger.logStarting()/50 - Starting App on admin-PC with PID 195640 (D:\Programs\eclipseworkplace\springboot\Demo001\target\classes started by admin in D:\Programs\eclipseworkplace\springboot\Demo001)
11:53:25.338 INFO  org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.logStartupProfileInfo()/675 - No active profile set, falling back to default profiles: default
11:53:26.375 INFO  com.mongodb.diagnostics.logging.SLF4JLogger.info()/71 - Cluster created with settings {hosts=[localhost:27017], mode=SINGLE, requiredClusterType=UNKNOWN, serverSelectionTimeout='30000 ms', maxWaitQueueSize=500}
11:53:26.456 INFO  org.springframework.boot.StartupInfoLogger.logStarted()/59 - Started App in 1.393 seconds (JVM running for 2.078)
11:53:26.459 INFO  com.demo.Demo001.MainBusiEntry.execute()/11 - com.demo.Demo001.TestBean

輸出了測試類的路徑。

 我們在開發中，使用的為第一種獲取applicationcontext的方式