當我們有有的自己的服務器就可以搭建一個ftp服務器，可以自己放進去一些東西，這樣以后下載的話會很方便，而且服務器端速度很快（所以快慢基本就看自己下載段的速度了．
1. 更新一些服務器上的文件文件源
sudo apt-get update
2. 下載vsftpd軟件
sudo apt-get install vsftpd
之后就等着下完
3. 配置ftp登錄的用戶
ftp服務器也是和正常ssh登錄一樣，也是需要用戶指令的．當我們下載完vsftpd后，我們系統上就會多出一個ftp用戶和ftp組，當然這個ftp用戶是不能直接登錄的．因此，我們也要為ftp創建一個用戶，當然這個用戶所在的組就是ftp組．例如，創建一個test:123456 的用戶，如下：
sudo useradd test -g ftp -d /home/ //在/home文件夾下創建該用戶
之后會提示你密碼，當然太簡單的密碼無法通過
4. 配置vsftpd配置
在/etc/目錄下有個vsftp.conf文件，該文件是ftp服務器的主要配置文件，用vm打開，對里面的文件進行修改.下面貼出我的文件：
后面會對其中一些做出簡要說明，要說明的的放會有 注（num）：
# Example config file /etc/vsftpd.conf
#
# The default compiled in settings are fairly paranoid. This sample file
# loosens things up a bit, to make the ftp daemon more usable.
# Please see vsftpd.conf.5 for all compiled in defaults.
#
# READ THIS: This example file is NOT an exhaustive list of vsftpd options.
# Please read the vsftpd.conf.5 manual page to get a full idea of vsftpd's
# capabilities.
#
#
# Run standalone? vsftpd can run either from an inetd or as a standalone
# daemon started from an initscript.
listen=NO #注1：
#
# This directive enables listening on IPv6 sockets. By default, listening
# on the IPv6 "any" address (::) will accept connections from both IPv6
# and IPv4 clients. It is not necessary to listen on *both* IPv4 and IPv6
# sockets. If you want that (perhaps because you want to listen on specific
# addresses) then you must run two copies of vsftpd with two configuration
# files.
listen_ipv6=YES
#
# Allow anonymous FTP? (Disabled by default).
anonymous_enable=NO #注2:
userlist_deny=YES
#
# Uncomment this to allow local users to log in.
local_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command.
write_enable=YES＃注３
#
# Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change this to 022,
# if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd's)
local_umask=022
#
# Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files. This only
# has an effect if the above global write enable is activated. Also, you will
# obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user.
#anon_upload_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able to create
# new directories.
#anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES
#
# Activate directory messages - messages given to remote users when they
# go into a certain directory.
dirmessage_enable=YES
#
# If enabled, vsftpd will display directory listings with the time
# in your local time zone. The default is to display GMT. The
# times returned by the MDTM FTP command are also affected by this
# option.
use_localtime=YES
#
# Activate logging of uploads/downloads.
xferlog_enable=YES
#
# Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data).
connect_from_port_20=YES
#
# If you want, you can arrange for uploaded anonymous files to be owned by
# a different user. Note! Using "root" for uploaded files is not
# recommended!
#chown_uploads=YES
#chown_username=whoever
#
# You may override where the log file goes if you like. The default is shown
# below.
xferlog_file=/var/log/vsftpd.log
#
# If you want, you can have your log file in standard ftpd xferlog format.
# Note that the default log file location is /var/log/xferlog in this case.
xferlog_std_format=YES
#
# You may change the default value for timing out an idle session.
#idle_session_timeout=600
#
# You may change the default value for timing out a data connection.
#data_connection_timeout=120
#
# It is recommended that you define on your system a unique user which the
# ftp server can use as a totally isolated and unprivileged user.
#nopriv_user=ftpsecure
#
# Enable this and the server will recognise asynchronous ABOR requests. Not
# recommended for security (the code is non-trivial). Not enabling it,
# however, may confuse older FTP clients.
#async_abor_enable=YES
#
# By default the server will pretend to allow ASCII mode but in fact ignore
# the request. Turn on the below options to have the server actually do ASCII
# mangling on files when in ASCII mode.
# Beware that on some FTP servers, ASCII support allows a denial of service
# attack (DoS) via the command "SIZE /big/file" in ASCII mode. vsftpd
# predicted this attack and has always been safe, reporting the size of the
# raw file.
# ASCII mangling is a horrible feature of the protocol.
#ascii_upload_enable=YES
#ascii_download_enable=YES
#
# You may fully customise the login banner string:
ftpd_banner=hellow! Welcome to Curve's FTP service.＃注４
#
# You may specify a file of disallowed anonymous e-mail addresses. Apparently
# useful for combatting certain DoS attacks.
#deny_email_enable=YES
# (default follows)
#banned_email_file=/etc/vsftpd.banned_emails
#
# You may restrict local users to their home directories. See the FAQ for
# the possible risks in this before using chroot_local_user or
# chroot_list_enable below.
#chroot_local_user=YES
#
# You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home
# directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list becomes a list of
# users to NOT chroot().
# (Warning! chroot'ing can be very dangerous. If using chroot, make sure that
# the user does not have write access to the top level directory within the
# chroot)
chroot_local_user=YES ＃注５
chroot_list_enable=YES
local_root=/var/ftp #注６
# (default follows)
chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd.chroot_list
chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd.chroot_list
#
# You may activate the "-R" option to the builtin ls. This is disabled by
# default to avoid remote users being able to cause excessive I/O on large
# sites. However, some broken FTP clients such as "ncftp" and "mirror" assume
# the presence of the "-R" option, so there is a strong case for enabling it.
#ls_recurse_enable=YES
#
# Customization
#
# Some of vsftpd's settings don't fit the filesystem layout by
# default.
#
# This option should be the name of a directory which is empty. Also, the
# directory should not be writable by the ftp user. This directory is used
# as a secure chroot() jail at times vsftpd does not require filesystem
# access.
secure_chroot_dir=/var/run/vsftpd/empty
#
# This string is the name of the PAM service vsftpd will use.
pam_service_name=vsftpd
#
# This option specifies the location of the RSA certificate to use for SSL
# encrypted connections.
rsa_cert_file=/etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pem
rsa_private_key_file=/etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.key
ssl_enable=NO
#
# Uncomment this to indicate that vsftpd use a utf8 filesystem.
utf8_filesystem=YES
LISTEN = NO :這個值只能為NO，如果改為YES的話，啟動時會出錯
anonymous_enable=NO :是否允許匿名登錄，不做匿名的話就不重要
write_enable=YES :設置可以上傳文件
ftpd_banner= :設置登錄是可以看到的信息，可以任意修改
chroot_local_user=YES
chroot_list_enable=YES
chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd.chroot_list
對ftp登錄的用戶進行限制具體請參考．
local_root=/var/ftp ：設置根目錄所在的位置，可以自己設置．注意可能會需要權限此時加上下面兩條語句，如這個例子，
chown -R test ftp //test為要ftp登錄的用戶名，第二個為文件夾
chgrp -R ftp ftp //第一個ftp 為ftp組
5. 對ftp用戶訪問進行配置
-
設置test用戶只能夠ftp登錄，不能ssh登錄
usermod -s /sbin/nologin test -
修改/etc/ftpusers.這個目錄是設置禁止ftp登錄用戶的因此，如果有自己想讓登錄的用戶，那就直接刪掉
-
增加/etc/vsftpd.chroot_list文件，這個和上面那個注５是相關的，在我的配置下的話，要增加用戶名,因此直接增加test
-
此時當你試着連接時，可能仍舊出現“530 Login incorrect”,修改/etc/shells文件，后面添加以下內容：/sbin/nologin/
-
登錄時可能會出現的錯誤＂refusing to run with writable root inside chroot()＂，問題在於啟用了chroot的話，根目錄要設置為不可寫
chmod a-w /home/test
-
當然還能夠限制那些用戶可以登錄，當如不加也是可以的參考源
首先修改vsftpd.cong文件 userlist_enable=YES //設置用戶訪問列表 #允許登錄的用戶 userlist_file=/etc/allowed_users //設置該列表所在的位置 #最后，對其進行修改，加入自己想要添加進的用戶名即可 ```
最最后，重新啟動vsftpd進程
server vsftpd restart
6. 登錄時常用登錄命令
- 自己可以下載個ftp連接的軟件，這里說明一下linux終端命令所需的常用命令
- 登錄：
- ftp ip 例如ftp 1.1.1.1
- 直接ftp進入ftp命令行 用open ip
之后會讓你輸入用戶名和密碼 - 關閉連接輸入close
- 推出ftp命令行bye
- 列出當下目錄中文件內容：
- ls或者dir
注意用ls很多此的話，可能會出現連接錯誤，dir目前還為發現
- ls或者dir
- 目錄切換
cd 命令 - 下載文件
- get|mget 目的文件 下載位置．
get下載單個文件，mget下載多個文件．*.*代表所有文件
- get|mget 目的文件 下載位置．
- 上傳文件
- put local_filt remote_file
下面附上學習時所參考文章的來源，感謝各位大佬文章
參考文章1 參考文章2 參考文章3 參考文章4 參考文章5 參考文章6
當然，還有一些學習是所看過的文章，由於看時還沒有開始寫這個文章．因此，有些知識也不知道了來源，因此沒附地址．