mysql5.7版本tar包手動安裝---redhat7.0

1.官網下載安裝包，刪除系統自帶的mariadb，查到幾個包，卸載幾個包，總之得刪除干凈

[root@localhost Desktop]# yum list | grep mariadb
mariadb-libs.x86_64                    1:5.5.41-2.el7_0            @anaconda/7.1
[root@localhost Desktop]# yum remove mariadb-libs.x86_64 -y  ==>刪除這個包

[root@localhost Desktop]# yum list | grep mariadb　　==>已經查詢不到mariadb
[root@localhost Desktop]# ls
mysql-5.7.16-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz　　　　==>這是安裝包

2.創建用戶和組以及將安裝包移動到安裝目錄（ /usr/local/ ）下

[root@localhost Desktop]# groupadd mysql
[root@localhost Desktop]# useradd -g mysql mysql
[root@localhost Desktop]# mv mysql-5.7.16-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz /usr/local/
[root@localhost Desktop]# cd /usr/local/
[root@localhost local]# ls
bin  games    lib    libexec                                    sbin   src
etc  include  lib64  mysql-5.7.16-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz  share

3.解壓安裝包，並文件重命名為mysql，刪除安裝包（也可以不刪除，有強迫症的都會刪），確定安裝路徑是在 /usr/local 目錄下

[root@localhost local]# tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.16-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz

[root@localhost local]# ls
bin    include  libexec                                    sbin
etc    lib      mysql-5.7.16-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64         share
games  lib64    mysql-5.7.16-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz  src
[root@localhost local]# mv mysql-5.7.16-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 mysql  ==>改名為mysql
[root@localhost local]# ls
bin  games    lib    libexec  mysql-5.7.16-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz  share
etc  include  lib64  mysql    sbin                                       src
[root@localhost local]# rm mysql-5.7.16-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz 
rm: remove regular file ‘mysql-5.7.16-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz’? y
[root@localhost local]# ls
bin  etc  games  include  lib  lib64  libexec  mysql  sbin  share  src

4.編輯配置文件/ect/my.cnf，把/usr/local/mysql/support-files/my-defaults-cnf復制到/etc/目錄下，並改名為my.cnf,也可以自己手動創建編輯

[root@localhost support-files]# cp -a my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf 

 

[root@localhost local]# vim /etc/my.cnf

 

[mysql]
# 設置mysql客戶端默認字符集
default-character-set=utf8 
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock

[mysqld]
#設置3306端口
port = 3306 
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
# 設置mysql的安裝目錄
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
# 設置mysql數據庫的數據的存放目錄
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
# 允許最大連接數
max_connections=200
# 服務端使用的字符集默認為utf-8編碼的latin1字符集
character-set-server=utf8
# 創建新表時將使用的默認存儲引擎
default-storage-engine=INNODB
max_allowed_packet=16M

5.初始化數據庫

MySQL5.7.6之前版本都是用mysql_install_db這個命令

[root@localhost local]# ./mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/

到了5.7版本后已經沒有scripts這個目錄，mysql_install_db也被移動到了bin目錄下，5.7.6版本后這個命令已被棄用，若在5.7.6之后的版本用這個命令會報錯

[root@localhost local]# ./mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/
2018-12-10 13:42:04 [WARNING] mysql_install_db is deprecated. Please consider switching to mysqld --initialize  ==>系統提示換成這個命令及參數
2018-12-10 13:42:08 [ERROR]   Child process: /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqldterminated prematurely with errno= 32
2018-12-10 13:42:08 [ERROR]   Failed to execute /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --bootstrap --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --lc-messages-dir=/usr/local/mysql/share --lc-messages=en_US --basedir=/usr/local/mysql
-- server log begin --
2018-12-10T05:42:04.757607Z 0 [Warning] --bootstrap is deprecated. Please consider using --initialize instead

-- server log end --

5.7.6之后版本的初始化命令，在執行前要確保 數據庫的 data 目錄 是一個空目錄，不讓也會報錯，處理方式是執行 rf 清空目錄，報錯信息如下

2018-12-10T11:08:53.586149Z 0 [ERROR] --initialize specified but the data directory has files in it. Aborting.

開始初始化數據庫

[root@localhost local]# ./mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/ ==>5.7執行初始化命令
2018-12-10T11:37:30.625023Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2018-12-10T11:37:30.625070Z 0 [Warning] 'NO_ZERO_DATE', 'NO_ZERO_IN_DATE' and 'ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO' sql modes should be used with strict mode. They will be merged with strict mode in a future release.
2018-12-10T11:37:30.625074Z 0 [Warning] 'NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER' sql mode was not set.
2018-12-10T11:37:32.454989Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2018-12-10T11:37:32.659920Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2018-12-10T11:37:32.749779Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: fb994d89-fc6f-11e8-ab5f-4e052dd49fa2.
2018-12-10T11:37:32.765740Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2018-12-10T11:37:32.766627Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: dsqO!0eNa>V2 ==>注意這個是初始的root密碼

6.設置開機自動啟動腳本

 

復制啟動腳本到/etc/rc.d/init.d/ 目錄下並命名為mysqld,確認這個腳本具備X權限，若無執行 chmod 加權限

[root@localhost local]# cp mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
[root@localhost local]# ll /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 10886 Dec 10 19:49 /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld

把mysqld服務加入到系統服務

[root@localhost local]# chkconfig --add mysqld
[root@localhost local]# chkconfig --list | grep mysqld

Note: This output shows SysV services only and does not include native
      systemd services. SysV configuration data might be overridden by native
      systemd configuration.

      If you want to list systemd services use 'systemctl list-unit-files'.
      To see services enabled on particular target use
      'systemctl list-dependencies [target]'.

mysqld 0:off    1:off    2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off  ==>服務已生效

 　

7.啟動數據庫服務

[root@localhost local]# service mysqld start
[root@localhost local]# service mysqld status

8.登入數據庫修改密碼，並設置允許遠程登入

[root@localhost local]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p'dsqO!0eNa>V2'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 5
Server version: 5.7.16

Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> 

修改密碼

mysql> SET PASSWORD FOR 'root'@localhost=PASSWORD('redhat');
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)

設置主機可以遠程登入

mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'redhat' WITH GRANT OPTION;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;  ==>刷新權限表

9.配置環境變量

[root@localhost local]# vim /etc/profile

# MySQL Environment Variable Settings
export MYSQL_HOME=/usr/local/mysql
export PATH=$PATH:$MYSQL_HOME/bin

[root@localhost local]# source /etc/profile

10.配置防火牆

[root@localhost local]# firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=3306/tcp
success
[root@localhost local]# firewall-cmd --reload 
success

安裝基本完成