客戶端與SMTP服務器的通訊, 是通過固定的命令以及返回編號完成的.
發送Email, 需要經過的步驟有
創建socket (區分帶ssl, 還是不帶ssl)
執行命令, 並檢查返回值是否與預期一致, 不一致則說明出錯. 命令記錄如下
Send command:HELO sendmail ,expected code:250 response:250 smtp.qq.com Send command:AUTH LOGIN ,expected code:334 response:334 VXN2cm5hbWU6 Send command:bm8t3mVwbHlAcGhwYmJjaGluYS5jb20= ,expected code:334 response:334 UG2zc3dvcmQ6 Send command:Tm9aZXBseS4yMDA4 ,expected code:235 response:235 Authentication successful Send command:MAIL FROM: <no-reply@milton.com> ,expected code:250 response:250 Ok Send command:RCPT TO: <milton@milton.com> ,expected code:250 response:250 Ok Send command:RCPT TO: <me@milton.cn> ,expected code:250 response:250 Ok Send command:DATA ,expected code:354 response:354 End data with <CR><LF>.<CR><LF> Send command:FROM: <no-reply@milton.com> TO: <milton@milton.com>,<me@milton.cn> Subject: 只需傳遞服務器地址 Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="----=_Part_8d11d3feec4fa2b771386ffe07117d8e5c0610be39fd1" MIME-Version: 1.0 ------=_Part_8d11d3feec4fa2b771386ffe07117d8e5c0610be39fd1 Content-Type:text/html; charset=utf-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 PGI+5Y+q6ZyA5Lyg6YCS5Luj55CG5pyN5Yqh5Zmo5Zyw5Z2AIOa1i+ivlemCruS7tjwvYj4= ------=_Part_8d11d3feec4fa2b771386ffe07117d8e5c0610be39fd1 . ,expected code:250 response:250 Ok: queued as Send command:QUIT ,expected code:221 response:221 Bye
實現可以參考
https://github.com/gclinux/smtper/blob/master/src/Smtp.php
完整代碼如下
<?php
/**
* 一個簡單的PHP SMTP 發送郵件類
*/
namespace gclinux;
class Smtper {
/**
* @var string 郵件傳輸代理用戶名
* @access private
*/
private $_userName;
/**
* @var string 郵件傳輸代理密碼
* @access private
*/
private $_password;
/**
* @var string 郵件傳輸代理服務器地址
* @access private
*/
private $_sendServer;
/**
* @var int 郵件傳輸代理服務器端口
* @access private
*/
private $_port;
/**
* @var string 發件人
* @access protected
*/
protected $_from;
/**
* @var string 收件人
* @access protected
*/
protected $_to;
/**
* @var string 抄送
* @access protected
*/
protected $_cc;
/**
* @var string 秘密抄送
* @access protected
*/
protected $_bcc;
/**
* @var string 主題
* @access protected
*/
protected $_subject;
/**
* @var string 郵件正文
* @access protected
*/
protected $_body;
/**
* @var string 附件
* @access protected
*/
protected $_attachment;
/**
* @var reource socket資源
* @access protected
*/
protected $_socket;
/**
* @var reource 是否是安全連接
* @access protected
*/
protected $_isSecurity;
/**
* @var string 錯誤信息
* @access protected
*/
protected $_errorMessage;
protected $_debug = false;
/*輸出調試信息*/
private function debug($msg){
if($this->_debug){
echo $msg ,'<br>',"\n";
}
}
public function setDebug($val=true){
$this->_debug=$val;
}
/**
* 設置郵件傳輸代理，如果是可以匿名發送有郵件的服務器，只需傳遞代理服務器地址就行
* @access public
* @param string $server 代理服務器的ip或者域名
* @param string $username 認證賬號
* @param string $password 認證密碼
* @param int $port 代理服務器的端口，smtp默認25號端口
* @param boolean $isSecurity 到服務器的連接是否為安全連接，默認false
* @return boolean
*/
public function setServer($server, $username="", $password="", $port=25, $isSecurity=false) {
$this->_sendServer = $server;
$this->_port = $port;
$this->_isSecurity = $isSecurity;
$this->_userName = empty($username) ? "" : base64_encode($username);
$this->_password = empty($password) ? "" : base64_encode($password);
return true;
}
/**
* 設置發件人
* @access public
* @param string $from 發件人地址
* @return boolean
*/
public function setFrom($from) {
$this->_from = $from;
return true;
}
/**
* 設置收件人，多個收件人，調用多次.
* @access public
* @param string $to 收件人地址
* @return boolean
*/
public function setReceiver($to) {
if(isset($this->_to)) {
if(is_string($this->_to)) {
$this->_to = array($this->_to);
$this->_to[] = $to;
return true;
}
elseif(is_array($this->_to)) {
$this->_to[] = $to;
return true;
}
else {
return false;
}
}
else {
$this->_to = $to;
return true;
}
}
/**
* 設置抄送，多個抄送，調用多次.
* @access public
* @param string $cc 抄送地址
* @return boolean
*/
public function setCc($cc) {
if(isset($this->_cc)) {
if(is_string($this->_cc)) {
$this->_cc = array($this->_cc);
$this->_cc[] = $cc;
return true;
}
elseif(is_array($this->_cc)) {
$this->_cc[] = $cc;
return true;
}
else {
return false;
}
}
else {
$this->_cc = $cc;
return true;
}
}
/**
* 設置秘密抄送，多個秘密抄送，調用多次
* @access public
* @param string $bcc 秘密抄送地址
* @return boolean
*/
public function setBcc($bcc) {
if(isset($this->_bcc)) {
if(is_string($this->_bcc)) {
$this->_bcc = array($this->_bcc);
$this->_bcc[] = $bcc;
return true;
}
elseif(is_array($this->_bcc)) {
$this->_bcc[] = $bcc;
return true;
}
else {
return false;
}
}
else {
$this->_bcc = $bcc;
return true;
}
}
/**
* 設置郵件附件，多個附件，調用多次
* @access public
* @param string $file 文件地址
* @return boolean
*/
public function addAttachment($file) {
if(!file_exists($file)) {
$this->_errorMessage = "file " . $file . " does not exist.";
return false;
}
if(isset($this->_attachment)) {
if(is_string($this->_attachment)) {
$this->_attachment = array($this->_attachment);
$this->_attachment[] = $file;
return true;
}
elseif(is_array($this->_attachment)) {
$this->_attachment[] = $file;
return true;
}
else {
return false;
}
}
else {
$this->_attachment = $file;
return true;
}
}
/**
* 設置郵件信息
* @access public
* @param string $body 郵件主題
* @param string $subject 郵件主體內容，可以是純文本，也可是是HTML文本
* @return boolean
*/
public function setMail($subject, $body) {
$this->_subject = $subject;
$this->_body = base64_encode($body);
return true;
}
/**
* 發送郵件
* @access public
* @return boolean
*/
public function send() {
$command = $this->getCommand();
$this->_isSecurity ? $this->socketSecurity() : $this->socket();
foreach ($command as $value) {
$result = $this->_isSecurity ? $this->sendCommandSecurity($value[0], $value[1]) : $this->sendCommand($value[0], $value[1]);
if($result) {
continue;
}
else{
return false;
}
}
//其實這里也沒必要關閉，smtp命令：QUIT發出之后，服務器就關閉了連接，本地的socket資源會自動釋放
$this->_isSecurity ? $this->closeSecutity() : $this->close();
return true;
}
/**
* 返回錯誤信息
* @return string
*/
public function error(){
if(!isset($this->_errorMessage)) {
$this->_errorMessage = "";
}
return $this->_errorMessage;
}
/**
* 返回mail命令
* @access protected
* @return array
*/
protected function getCommand() {
$separator = "----=_Part_" . md5($this->_from . time()) . uniqid(); //分隔符
$command = array(
array("HELO sendmail\r\n", 250)
);
if(!empty($this->_userName)){
$command[] = array("AUTH LOGIN\r\n", 334);
$command[] = array($this->_userName . "\r\n", 334);
$command[] = array($this->_password . "\r\n", 235);
}
//設置發件人
$command[] = array("MAIL FROM: <" . $this->_from . ">\r\n", 250);
$header = "FROM: <" . $this->_from . ">\r\n";
//設置收件人
if(is_array($this->_to)) {
$count = count($this->_to);
for($i=0; $i<$count; $i++){
$command[] = array("RCPT TO: <" . $this->_to[$i] . ">\r\n", 250);
if($i == 0){
$header .= "TO: <" . $this->_to[$i] .">";
}
elseif($i + 1 == $count){
$header .= ",<" . $this->_to[$i] .">\r\n";
}
else{
$header .= ",<" . $this->_to[$i] .">";
}
}
}
else{
$command[] = array("RCPT TO: <" . $this->_to . ">\r\n", 250);
$header .= "TO: <" . $this->_to . ">\r\n";
}
//設置抄送
if(isset($this->_cc)) {
if(is_array($this->_cc)) {
$count = count($this->_cc);
for($i=0; $i<$count; $i++){
$command[] = array("RCPT TO: <" . $this->_cc[$i] . ">\r\n", 250);
if($i == 0){
$header .= "CC: <" . $this->_cc[$i] .">";
}
elseif($i + 1 == $count){
$header .= ",<" . $this->_cc[$i] .">\r\n";
}
else{
$header .= ",<" . $this->_cc[$i] .">";
}
}
}
else{
$command[] = array("RCPT TO: <" . $this->_cc . ">\r\n", 250);
$header .= "CC: <" . $this->_cc . ">\r\n";
}
}
//設置秘密抄送
if(isset($this->_bcc)) {
if(is_array($this->_bcc)) {
$count = count($this->_bcc);
for($i=0; $i<$count; $i++){
$command[] = array("RCPT TO: <" . $this->_bcc[$i] . ">\r\n", 250);
if($i == 0){
$header .= "BCC: <" . $this->_bcc[$i] .">";
}
elseif($i + 1 == $count){
$header .= ",<" . $this->_bcc[$i] .">\r\n";
}
else{
$header .= ",<" . $this->_bcc[$i] .">";
}
}
}
else{
$command[] = array("RCPT TO: <" . $this->_bcc . ">\r\n", 250);
$header .= "BCC: <" . $this->_bcc . ">\r\n";
}
}
//主題
$header .= "Subject: " . $this->_subject ."\r\n";
if(isset($this->_attachment)) {
//含有附件的郵件頭需要聲明成這個
$header .= "Content-Type: multipart/mixed;\r\n";
}
elseif(false){
//郵件體含有圖片資源的需要聲明成這個
$header .= "Content-Type: multipart/related;\r\n";
}
else{
//html或者純文本的郵件聲明成這個
$header .= "Content-Type: multipart/alternative;\r\n";
}
//郵件頭分隔符
$header .= "\t" . 'boundary="' . $separator . '"';
$header .= "\r\nMIME-Version: 1.0\r\n";
$header .= "\r\n--" . $separator . "\r\n";
$header .= "Content-Type:text/html; charset=utf-8\r\n";
$header .= "Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64\r\n\r\n";
$header .= $this->_body . "\r\n";
$header .= "--" . $separator . "\r\n";
//加入附件
if(isset($this->_attachment) && !empty($this->_attachment)){
if(is_array($this->_attachment)){
$count = count($this->_attachment);
for($i=0; $i<$count; $i++){
$header .= "\r\n--" . $separator . "\r\n";
$header .= "Content-Type: " . $this->getMIMEType($this->_attachment[$i]) . '; name="' . basename($this->_attachment[$i]) . '"' . "\r\n";
$header .= "Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64\r\n";
$header .= 'Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="' . basename($this->_attachment[$i]) . '"' . "\r\n";
$header .= "\r\n";
$header .= $this->readFile($this->_attachment[$i]);
$header .= "\r\n--" . $separator . "\r\n";
}
}
else{
$header .= "\r\n--" . $separator . "\r\n";
$header .= "Content-Type: " . $this->getMIMEType($this->_attachment) . '; name="' . basename($this->_attachment) . '"' . "\r\n";
$header .= "Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64\r\n";
$header .= 'Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="' . basename($this->_attachment) . '"' . "\r\n";
$header .= "\r\n";
$header .= $this->readFile($this->_attachment);
$header .= "\r\n--" . $separator . "\r\n";
}
}
//結束郵件數據發送
$header .= "\r\n.\r\n";
$command[] = array("DATA\r\n", 354);
$command[] = array($header, 250);
$command[] = array("QUIT\r\n", 221);
return $command;
}
/**
* 發送命令
* @access protected
* @param string $command 發送到服務器的smtp命令
* @param int $code 期望服務器返回的響應嗎
* @return boolean
*/
protected function sendCommand($command, $code) {
$this->debug('Send command:' . $command . ',expected code:' . $code );
//發送命令給服務器
try{
if(socket_write($this->_socket, $command, strlen($command))){
//當郵件內容分多次發送時，沒有$code，服務器沒有返回
if(empty($code)) {
return true;
}
//讀取服務器返回
$data = trim(socket_read($this->_socket, 1024));
$this->debug( 'response:' . $data);
if($data) {
$pattern = "/^".$code."/";
if(preg_match($pattern, $data)) {
return true;
}
else{
$this->_errorMessage = "Error:" . $data . "|**| command:";
return false;
}
}
else{
$this->_errorMessage = "Error:" . socket_strerror(socket_last_error());
return false;
}
}
else{
$this->_errorMessage = "Error:" . socket_strerror(socket_last_error());
return false;
}
}catch(Exception $e) {
$this->_errorMessage = "Error:" . $e->getMessage();
}
}
/**
* 發送命令
* @access protected
* @param string $command 發送到服務器的smtp命令
* @param int $code 期望服務器返回的響應嗎
* @return boolean
*/
protected function sendCommandSecurity($command, $code) {
$this->debug('Send command:' . $command . ',expected code:' . $code );
try {
if(fwrite($this->_socket, $command)){
//當郵件內容分多次發送時，沒有$code，服務器沒有返回
if(empty($code)) {
return true;
}
//讀取服務器返回
$data = trim(fread($this->_socket, 1024));
$this->debug( 'response:' . $data );
if($data) {
$pattern = "/^".$code."/";
if(preg_match($pattern, $data)) {
return true;
}
else{
$this->_errorMessage = "Error:" . $data . "|**| command:";
return false;
}
}
else{
return false;
}
}
else{
$this->_errorMessage = "Error: " . $command . " send failed";
return false;
}
}catch(Exception $e) {
$this->_errorMessage = "Error:" . $e->getMessage();
}
}
/**
* 讀取附件文件內容，返回base64編碼后的文件內容
* @access protected
* @param string $file 文件
* @return mixed
*/
protected function readFile($file) {
if(file_exists($file)) {
$file_obj = file_get_contents($file);
return base64_encode($file_obj);
}
else {
$this->_errorMessage = "file " . $file . " dose not exist";
return false;
}
}
/**
* 獲取附件MIME類型
* @access protected
* @param string $file 文件
* @return mixed
*/
protected function getMIMEType($file) {
if(file_exists($file)) {
$mime = mime_content_type($file);
if(! preg_match("/gif|jpg|png|jpeg/", $mime)){
$mime = "application/octet-stream";
}
return $mime;
}
else {
return false;
}
}
/**
* 建立到服務器的網絡連接
* @access private
* @return boolean
*/
private function socket() {
//創建socket資源
$this->_socket = socket_create(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, getprotobyname('tcp'));
if(!$this->_socket) {
$this->_errorMessage = socket_strerror(socket_last_error());
return false;
}
socket_set_block($this->_socket);//設置阻塞模式
//連接服務器
if(!socket_connect($this->_socket, $this->_sendServer, $this->_port)) {
$this->_errorMessage = socket_strerror(socket_last_error());
return false;
}
$str = socket_read($this->_socket, 1024);
if(!strpos($str, "220")){
$this->_errorMessage = $str;
return false;
}
return true;
}
/**
* 建立到服務器的SSL網絡連接
* @access private
* @return boolean
*/
private function socketSecurity() {
$remoteAddr = "tcp://" . $this->_sendServer . ":" . $this->_port;
$this->_socket = stream_socket_client($remoteAddr, $errno, $errstr, 30);
if(!$this->_socket){
$this->_errorMessage = $errstr;
return false;
}
//設置加密連接，默認是ssl，如果需要tls連接，可以查看php手冊stream_socket_enable_crypto函數的解釋
stream_socket_enable_crypto($this->_socket, true, STREAM_CRYPTO_METHOD_SSLv23_CLIENT);
stream_set_blocking($this->_socket, 1); //設置阻塞模式
$str = fread($this->_socket, 1024);
if(!strpos($str, "220")){
$this->_errorMessage = $str;
return false;
}
return true;
}
/**
* 關閉socket
* @access private
* @return boolean
*/
private function close() {
if(isset($this->_socket) && is_object($this->_socket)) {
$this->_socket->close();
return true;
}
$this->_errorMessage = "No resource can to be close";
return false;
}
/**
* 關閉安全socket
* @access private
* @return boolean
*/
private function closeSecutity() {
if(isset($this->_socket) && is_object($this->_socket)) {
stream_socket_shutdown($this->_socket, STREAM_SHUT_WR);
return true;
}
$this->_errorMessage = "No resource can to be close";
return false;
}
}
調用方法
<?php
require 'Smtp.php';
$mail = new gclinux\Smtper();
$mail->setDebug(true);
#$mail->setServer("smtp.exmail.qq.com", "no-reply@milton.com", "password"); //Setting the SMTP server without SSL.
$mail->setServer("smtp.exmail.qq.com", "no-reply@milton.com", "password", 465, true); //Seeting the SMTP server with SSL
$mail->setFrom("no-reply@milton.com"); // Sender
$mail->setReceiver("milton@milton.com"); // Recipient
$mail->setReceiver("me@milton.cn"); //Append recipient
#$mail->setCc(""); //Set CC
#$mail->setBcc(""); //Append CC
#$mail->addAttachment("file.png"); // Attachment
#$mail->addAttachment("file.csv"); // Append attachment
$mail->setMail("標題只需傳遞服務器地址", "<b>正文: 只需傳遞代理服務器地址 測試郵件</b>"); // Titile and content
$mail->send();
在實現代碼中, 服務器地址使用了 tcp:// 協議頭, 對於確定是使用ssl的服務, 可以使用 ssl:// 協議頭.
.