使用SSM(Spring、SpringMVC和Mybatis)已經有三個多月了,項目在技術上已經沒有什么難點了,基於現有的技術就可以實現想要的功能,當然肯定有很多可以改進的地方。之前沒有記錄SSM整合的過程,這次剛剛好基於自己的一個小項目重新搭建了一次,而且比項目搭建的要更好一些。以前解決問題的過程和方法並沒有及時記錄,以后在自己的小項目中遇到我再整理分享一下。這次,先說說三大框架整合過程。個人認為使用框架並不是很難,關鍵要理解其思想,這對於我們提高編程水平很有幫助。不過,如果用都不會,談思想就變成紙上談兵了!!!先技術,再思想。實踐出真知。(可通過圖片水印查看博客地址)
1、基本概念
1.1、Spring
Spring是一個開源框架,Spring是於2003 年興起的一個輕量級的Java 開發框架,由Rod Johnson 在其著作Expert One-On-One J2EE Development and Design中闡述的部分理念和原型衍生而來。它是為了解決企業應用開發的復雜性而創建的。Spring使用基本的JavaBean來完成以前只可能由EJB完成的事情。然而,Spring的用途不僅限於服務器端的開發。從簡單性、可測試性和松耦合的角度而言,任何Java應用都可以從Spring中受益。 簡單來說,Spring是一個輕量級的控制反轉(IoC)和面向切面(AOP)的容器框架。
1.2、SpringMVC
Spring MVC屬於SpringFrameWork的后續產品,已經融合在Spring Web Flow里面。Spring MVC 分離了控制器、模型對象、分派器以及處理程序對象的角色,這種分離讓它們更容易進行定制。
1.3、MyBatis
MyBatis 本是apache的一個開源項目iBatis, 2010年這個項目由apache software foundation 遷移到了google code,並且改名為MyBatis 。MyBatis是一個基於Java的持久層框架。iBATIS提供的持久層框架包括SQL Maps和Data Access Objects(DAO)MyBatis 消除了幾乎所有的JDBC代碼和參數的手工設置以及結果集的檢索。MyBatis 使用簡單的 XML或注解用於配置和原始映射,將接口和 Java 的POJOs(Plain Old Java Objects,普通的 Java對象)映射成數據庫中的記錄。
2、開發環境搭建
如果需要,參看之前的博文:http://blog.csdn.net/zhshulin/article/details/30779873
3、Maven Web項目創建
如果需要,參看之前的博文:http://blog.csdn.net/zhshulin/article/details/37921705
4、SSM整合
下面主要介紹三大框架的整合,至於環境的搭建以及項目的創建,參看上面的博文。這次整合我分了2個配置文件,分別是spring-mybatis.xml,包含spring和mybatis的配置文件,還有個是spring-mvc的配置文件,此外有2個資源文件:jdbc.propertis和log4j.properties。完整目錄結構如下(最后附上源碼下載地址,不建議直接使用源碼,因為此教程已經有了全部代碼):
4-1-1,導入Maven 需要的包
pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.csw</groupId> <artifactId>backend</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <!--打包--> <packaging>war</packaging> <!--設置編碼--> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source> <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target> <spring.version>5.1.0.RELEASE</spring.version> </properties> <!--引入文件--> <dependencies> <!-- Spring Web MVC --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- servlet 系列的支持 --> <dependency> <groupId>javax</groupId> <artifactId>javaee-api</artifactId> <version>8.0</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>jstl</artifactId> <version>1.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.github.pagehelper</groupId> <artifactId>pagehelper</artifactId> <version>5.1.7</version> </dependency> <!-- Springframework --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId> <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId> <version>1.9.1</version> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.hibernate/hibernate-validator --> <dependency> <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId> <version>6.0.3.Final</version> </dependency> <!-- MyBatis --> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId> <version>3.4.6</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId> <version>1.3.2</version> </dependency> <!-- 數據庫驅動以及數據庫連接池--> <dependency> <groupId>org.mariadb.jdbc</groupId> <artifactId>mariadb-java-client</artifactId> <version>2.3.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.mchange</groupId> <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId> <version>0.9.5.2</version> </dependency> <!-- 日志框架 --> <dependency> <groupId>log4j</groupId> <artifactId>log4j</artifactId> <version>1.2.17</version> </dependency> <!-- 通用工具 --> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId> <version>2.9.7</version> </dependency> <!-- 單元測試 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.12</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <finalName>contact</finalName> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.mybatis.generator</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-generator-maven-plugin</artifactId> <version>1.3.7</version> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.mariadb.jdbc</groupId> <artifactId>mariadb-java-client</artifactId> <version>2.3.0</version> </dependency> </dependencies> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
配置MyBatis
generatorConfig.xml 配置這個文件的好處就是自動生成實體類、接口、映射文件,但是MyBatis自身佩戴的生成器有一個缺點,就是設計的不嚴謹,這個主要還是看個人選擇了 手動 滑稽/滑稽/
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE generatorConfiguration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD MyBatis Generator Configuration 1.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-generator-config_1_0.dtd"> <generatorConfiguration> <context id="xxx" targetRuntime="MyBatis3Simple"> <commentGenerator> <property name="suppressDate" value="true" /> </commentGenerator> <!-- 數據庫連接 --> <jdbcConnection driverClass="org.mariadb.jdbc.Driver" connectionURL="jdbc:mariadb://localhost/dogo" userId="root" password="13794709305"> </jdbcConnection> <!-- Model生成規則 --> <javaModelGenerator targetPackage="com.csw.entity" targetProject="src/main/java"> <property name="trimStrings" value="true" /> </javaModelGenerator> <sqlMapGenerator targetPackage="mapper" targetProject="src/main/resources"/> <!-- dao 規則 --> <javaClientGenerator type="XMLMAPPER" targetPackage="com.csw.dao" targetProject="src/main/java"> <property name="enableSubPackages" value="true" /> </javaClientGenerator> <table tableName="%"> <generatedKey column="id" sqlStatement="Mysql"/> </table> </context> </generatorConfiguration>
jdbc.properties
jdbc.driver=org.mariadb.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mariadb://localhost:3306/maidanglao
jdbc.user=root
jdbc.password=13794709305
log4j.properties
# Global logging configuration
log4j.rootLogger=ERROR, ooo
# MyBatis logging configuration...
log4j.logger.com.nf147.dao=DEBUG
# 規則1,名字為 ooo,向標准輸出 System.err/out
log4j.appender.ooo=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.ooo.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.ooo.layout.ConversionPattern=%5p [%t] ~ %m%n
# 規則2,輸出為文件
log4j.appender.000=org.apache.log4j.FileAppender
log4j.appender.000.File=d:/log/log.out
log4j.appender.000.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.000.layout.conversionPattern=%m %n
# 規則3,輸出到數據庫
log4j.appender.o0o=org.apache.log4j.jdbc.JDBCAppender
log4j.appender.o0o.URL=jdbc:mariadb://localhost/dogo
log4j.appender.o0o.driver=org.mariadb.jdbc.Driver
log4j.appender.o0o.user=root
log4j.appender.o0o.password=13794709305
log4j.appender.o0o.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.o0o.sql=INSERT INTO LOGS VALUES('%t')
mybatis - config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd"> <configuration> <settings> <!-- 使用jdbc的getGeneratedKeys獲取數據庫自增主鍵值 --> <setting name="useGeneratedKeys" value="true" /> <!-- 使用列別名替換列名 默認:true --> <setting name="useColumnLabel" value="true" /> <!-- 開啟駝峰命名轉換:Table {create_time} -> Entity {createTime} --> <setting name="mapUnderscoreToCamelCase" value="true" /> </settings> <plugins> <plugin interceptor="com.github.pagehelper.PageInterceptor" /> </plugins> </configuration>
4-1-2配置Spring文件
spring-web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:contxt="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache/spring-cache.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd"> <!--啟用注解掃描--> <contxt:component-scan base-package="com.csw"> <contxt:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" /> </contxt:component-scan> <!--啟用 mvc 的常用注解--> <mvc:annotation-driven validator="myValidator" /> <!--將所有的靜態資源交還 Servlet 處理--> <mvc:default-servlet-handler /> <bean id="myValidator" class="org.springframework.validation.beanvalidation.LocalValidatorFactoryBean"> <property name="providerClass" value="org.hibernate.validator.HibernateValidator" /> <property name="validationMessageSource" ref="messageSource" /> </bean> <bean id="themeSource" class="org.springframework.ui.context.support.ResourceBundleThemeSource"> <property name="basenamePrefix" value="themes." /> <!-- 哪個文件夾里 --> </bean> <bean id="themeResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.theme.SessionThemeResolver"> <property name="defaultThemeName" value="girl" /> <!-- 默認主題文件的名字是 "可愛的小粉紅",如果不設置,名為 theme --> </bean> <!--配置返回頁面--> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" /> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" /> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" /> </bean> <!--配置上傳下載--> <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.support.StandardServletMultipartResolver" /> <!--<bean id="multipartResolver2" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">--> <!--<property name="maxUploadSize" value="10240000" />--> <!--<property name="defaultEncoding" value="UTF-8" />--> <!--</bean>--> </beans>
spring-dao.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <!--使用外部文件--> <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties" /> <context:component-scan base-package="com.csw.dao"/> <!--創建數據源--> <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"> <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}" /> <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}" /> <property name="user" value="${jdbc.user}" /> <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" /> <property name="maxPoolSize" value="30" /> <property name="minPoolSize" value="10" /> <property name="autoCommitOnClose" value="false" /> <property name="checkoutTimeout" value="10000" /> <property name="acquireRetryAttempts" value="2" /> </bean> <!--配置 mybatis--> <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> <property name="typeAliasesPackage" value="com.csw.entity" /> <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml" /> <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:mapper/*.xml" /> </bean> <!--自動注入 Mapper--> <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer"> <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory" /> <property name="basePackage" value="com.csw.dao" /> </bean> <!--配置聲明式事務管理--> <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> </bean> <tx:annotation-driven proxy-target-class="true" /> </beans>
spring-service.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd"> <!--啟用注解--> <context:component-scan base-package="com.csw"> <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" /> </context:component-scan> <!-- 啟用 aspectj 方式 AOP--> <aop:aspectj-autoproxy proxy-target-class="true"/> </beans>
基本上整個ssm項目的結構就是這樣了,第一次寫博客,相信以后會越來越好的,蟹蟹大家的瀏覽。。